2011/07 JLPT N1 Letters and Vocabulary,Grammar test
問題1 ＿＿＿の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
去年より<u>利益</u>がわずかに増えた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
利益 (りえき) is the correct reading for the kanji meaning 'profit' or 'gain'. The sentence means 'Profits increased slightly compared to last year.'
Why other options are incorrect:
利子 (りし) means 'interest (on money)'.
利息 (りそく) also means 'interest (on money)', similar to 利子.
利潤 (りじゅん) means 'profit' or 'gain', similar to 利益, but りえき is the standard reading for 利益 in this context.
橋本選手の活躍で、なんとかピンチを<u>逃れた</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
逃れた (のがれた) is the past tense of 逃れる (のがれる), which means 'to escape from' or 'to avoid'. The sentence means 'Thanks to player Hashimoto's performance, we somehow escaped the pinch.'
Why other options are incorrect:
離れた (はなれた) is the past tense of 離れる (はなれる), meaning 'to separate from' or 'to move away from'.
逸れた (それた) is the past tense of 逸れる (それる), meaning 'to deviate' or 'to go astray'.
免れた (まぬがれた) is the past tense of 免れる (まぬがれる), meaning 'to escape' or 'to be exempted from'. While similar in meaning, のがれた is the correct reading for 逃れた.
子どものおもちゃは、安全性を<u>考慮</u>して選ぶようにしている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
考慮 (こうりょ) is the correct reading for the kanji meaning 'consideration' or 'taking into account'. The sentence means 'When choosing children's toys, I try to select them with safety in mind.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This reading is incorrect for 考慮.
功労 (こうろう) means 'meritorious service' or 'distinguished service'.
This reading is incorrect for 考慮.
この辺りは視界を<u>遮る</u>物が何もない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
遮る (さえぎる) is the correct reading for the kanji meaning 'to interrupt', 'to obstruct', or 'to block'. The sentence means 'There is nothing around here that obstructs the view.'
Why other options are incorrect:
妨げる (さまたげる) means 'to hinder' or 'to obstruct', but it's a different kanji.
狭める (せばめる) means 'to narrow' or 'to reduce'.
隔てる (へだてる) means 'to separate' or 'to put a distance between'.
この説は科学的な<u>根拠</u>に乏しい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
根拠 (こんきょ) is the correct reading for the kanji meaning 'basis', 'ground', or 'foundation'. The sentence means 'This theory lacks scientific basis.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This reading is incorrect for 根拠.
根性 (こんじょう) means 'guts' or 'willpower'.
This reading is incorrect for 根拠.
何事も初めが<u>肝心</u>だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
肝心 (かんじん) is the correct reading for the kanji meaning 'essential', 'crucial', or 'important'. The sentence means 'The beginning is crucial in everything.'
Why other options are incorrect:
単身 (たんしん) means 'alone' or 'single-handed'.
関心 (かんしん) means 'interest' or 'concern', or 感心 (かんしん) means 'admiration'.
This reading is incorrect for 肝心.
問題2 （ ）に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
物置の隅で、ほこり（ ）になっている古い人形を見つけた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～まみれ means 'covered in' or 'smeared with' (something undesirable like dust, mud, or blood). ほこりまみれ means 'covered in dust'. The sentence means 'I found an old doll covered in dust in the corner of the storage room.'
Why other options are incorrect:
～ぐるみ means 'including' or 'together with' (e.g., 家族ぐるみ: the whole family).
～がらみ means 'related to' or 'involved with' (e.g., 金銭がらみ: money-related).
～ずくめ means 'nothing but' or 'all about' (e.g., いいことずくめ: nothing but good things).
木村さんとは共通の趣味があるので、いつも会話が（ ）。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
会話が弾む (かいわがはずむ) is an idiom meaning 'conversation flows lively' or 'conversation is animated'. 弾む (はずむ) literally means 'to bounce' or 'to spring'. The sentence means 'Since I have common hobbies with Mr. Kimura, our conversations are always lively.'
Why other options are incorrect:
舞う (まう) means 'to dance' or 'to flutter'.
転がる (ころがる) means 'to roll' or 'to tumble'.
跳ねる (はねる) means 'to jump' or 'to splash'.
地域の（ ）に合った医療のシステムが求められている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
実情 (じつじょう) means 'actual circumstances' or 'real situation'. The phrase 地域の実情に合った means 'suited to the actual circumstances of the region'. The sentence means 'A medical system suited to the actual circumstances of the region is being sought.'
Why other options are incorrect:
実況 (じっきょう) means 'live broadcast' or 'actual conditions (of a scene)'.
実権 (じっけん) means 'real power' or 'actual authority'.
実在 (じつざい) means 'real existence' or 'actuality'.
その選手は、十年に一人の（ ）だと言われている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
逸材 (いつざい) means 'outstanding talent' or 'exceptional person'. 十年に一人の逸材 means 'a talent that appears once every ten years'. The sentence means 'That athlete is said to be an exceptional talent that appears once every ten years.'
Why other options are incorrect:
玄人 (くろうと) means 'expert' or 'professional'.
大家 (おおや) means 'landlord', or 大家 (たいか) means 'master' or 'great artist'.
巨匠 (きょしょう) means 'master' or 'maestro' (typically for artists, musicians, etc.).
書類に（ ）があった場合、申請は受理されません。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
不備 (ふび) means 'deficiency', 'defect', or 'incompleteness'. 書類に不備がある means 'documents are incomplete/defective'. The sentence means 'If there are deficiencies in the documents, the application will not be accepted.'
Why other options are incorrect:
不穏 (ふおん) means 'unsettling' or 'ominous'.
不当 (ふとう) means 'unjust' or 'improper'.
不順 (ふじゅん) means 'irregular' or 'unseasonable' (e.g., 天候不順: unseasonable weather).
約300年前の絵画の（ ）が終わり、来月から公開される予定だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
修復 (しゅうふく) means 'restoration' or 'repair' (especially for cultural properties, buildings, or art). The sentence means 'The restoration of the painting from about 300 years ago has finished, and it is scheduled to be publicly displayed from next month.'
Why other options are incorrect:
回復 (かいふく) means 'recovery' (e.g., from illness, economic recovery).
復旧 (ふっきゅう) means 'restoration' or 'rehabilitation' (e.g., of infrastructure after a disaster).
復興 (ふっこう) means 'reconstruction' or 'revival' (e.g., of a city or economy after devastation).
経済だけでなく、法律にも詳しいのが彼の（ ）だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
強み (つよみ) means 'strength' or 'strong point'. The sentence means 'His strong point is being knowledgeable not only in economics but also in law.'
Why other options are incorrect:
深み (ふかみ) means 'depth'.
高み (たかみ) means 'height' or 'high place'.
重み (おもみ) means 'weight' or 'importance'.
問題3 ＿＿＿の言葉に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
この映画は<u>画期的な</u>手法で製作された。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
画期的な (かっきてきな) means 'epoch-making', 'groundbreaking', or 'innovative'. It refers to something that marks a new era or is unprecedentedly new. Therefore, '今までになく新しい' (unprecedentedly new) is the closest meaning. The sentence means 'This movie was produced using a groundbreaking method.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This means 'widely known', which is not the primary meaning of 画期的な.
This means 'rare recently', which does not capture the innovative aspect of 画期的な.
This means 'takes a lot of time', which is unrelated to the meaning of 画期的な.
あの企業は海外市場への進出を<u>もくろんで</u>いる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
もくろむ (目論む) means 'to plan', 'to scheme', or 'to contemplate'. It often implies a somewhat ambitious or secret plan. '計画して' (planning) is the closest meaning. The sentence means 'That company is planning to expand into overseas markets.'
Why other options are incorrect:
果たす (はたす) means 'to accomplish' or 'to fulfill'. 果たして (はたして) as an adverb means 'as expected' or 'sure enough'.
開始する (かいしする) means 'to start' or 'to begin'. もくろむ is about the planning stage, not the starting stage.
諦める (あきらめる) means 'to give up'. This is the opposite of the intended meaning.
問題を解決するために、もう少し<u>手がかり</u>が欲しい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
手がかり (てがかり) means 'clue', 'hint', or 'lead'. 'ヒント' (hint) is the direct English equivalent and the closest meaning. The sentence means 'I need a few more clues to solve the problem.'
Why other options are incorrect:
イメージ (image) means 'image' or 'impression'.
サポート (support) means 'support' or 'assistance'.
チャンス (chance) means 'chance' or 'opportunity'.
あの人の話は<u>にわかには</u>信じられない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
にわかには means 'immediately', 'at once', or 'easily'. When used with a negative, it means 'not easily' or 'not immediately'. 'すぐには' (not immediately/easily) is the closest meaning. The sentence means 'I can't immediately believe what that person says.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This means 'completely' or 'fully'.
素直には (すなおには) means 'obediently' or 'frankly'.
簡単には (かんたんには) means 'easily', which is similar but 'すぐには' captures the immediacy better in this context.
この鍋は<u>重宝している</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
重宝する (ちょうほうする) means 'to value highly', 'to find useful', or 'to be handy'. '便利で役に立っている' (convenient and useful) is the closest meaning. The sentence means 'This pot is very useful/handy.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This means 'its price has increased compared to before'.
This means 'I like its shape'.
This means 'its evaluation/reputation is increasing'.
中村さんは仕事に対していつも<u>シビアだ</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
シビア (severe) is a loanword meaning 'strict', 'harsh', 'severe', or 'rigorous'. '厳しい' (きびしい) is the closest Japanese equivalent. The sentence means 'Mr. Nakamura is always strict about his work.'
Why other options are incorrect:
弱気だ (よわきだ) means 'timid' or 'faint-hearted'.
柔軟だ (じゅうなんだ) means 'flexible' or 'adaptable'.
注意深い (ちゅういぶかい) means 'careful' or 'cautious'.
問題4 次の言葉の使い方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
連携
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
連携 (れんけい) means 'cooperation', 'collaboration', or 'coordination'. It refers to working together with others towards a common goal. The sentence '学校は地域と連携して生徒の安全を守っている。' (Schools cooperate with the community to protect students' safety.) correctly uses 連携 to describe collaboration between the school and the community.
Why other options are incorrect:
This implies sharing or using in common, not necessarily 'cooperation'. 共有 (きょうゆう) or 共同 (きょうどう) would be more appropriate.
This implies a correlation or linkage, not active cooperation. 連動 (れんどう) meaning 'linkage' or 'correlation' would be more suitable.
This is grammatically incorrect and semantically nonsensical. 連携 cannot be used with a map in this way. 携帯 (けいたい) meaning 'to carry' or 参照 (さんしょう) meaning 'to refer to' might be intended.
不服
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
不服 (ふふく) means 'disagreement', 'dissatisfaction', or 'objection'. It is often used in the context of expressing dissatisfaction with a decision or ruling. The sentence '審判の判定に不服を唱えることはできない。' (You cannot object to the referee's decision.) correctly uses 不服 with 唱える (となえる) meaning 'to express' or 'to raise', indicating an objection.
Why other options are incorrect:
不服を買う is not a natural expression. 怒り (いかり: anger) or 反感 (はんかん: antipathy) would be more appropriate here.
不服を晴らす is not a common idiom. 鬱憤 (うっぷん: resentment) or ストレス (stress) would be more appropriate with 晴らす (はらす: to relieve).
不服を受け付ける is not natural. 苦情 (くじょう: complaint) or 意見 (いけん: opinion) would be more appropriate for 'receiving' from customers.
かなう
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
かなう (叶う) means 'to come true' or 'to be realized' (for wishes, dreams, hopes). The sentence '自分の店を持つという夢が、とうとうかなった。' (My dream of owning my own shop finally came true.) correctly uses 叶う in the context of a dream being realized.
Why other options are incorrect:
苦労が叶う is incorrect. 苦労が実る (みのる: efforts bear fruit) or 苦労が報われる (むくわれる: efforts are rewarded) would be more appropriate.
天気予報が叶う is incorrect. 天気予報が当たる (あたる: weather forecast is accurate) would be more appropriate.
イベントが叶う is incorrect. イベントが成功した (せいこうした: event was successful) or イベントが開催された (かいさいされた: event was held) would be more appropriate.
目覚ましい
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
目覚ましい (めざましい) means 'remarkable', 'striking', or 'spectacular'. It describes something that is outstanding and catches attention due to its rapid progress or brilliance. The sentence 'あの新人選手は目覚ましい成長を見せている。' (That rookie player is showing remarkable growth.) correctly uses 目覚ましい to describe impressive progress.
Why other options are incorrect:
目覚ましい is not used to describe the intensity of a sound. けたたましい (ear-splitting) or 驚くほど (surprisingly) would be more appropriate.
目覚ましい is not typically used for colors. 鮮やか (あざやか: vivid) or 派手 (はで: flashy) would be more appropriate.
目覚ましい is not used to describe one's state of being awake or refreshed. 目覚めがいい (めざめがいい: woke up feeling good) or すっきりしている (refreshed) would be more appropriate.
ほどける
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ほどける (解ける/緒ける) means 'to come untied', 'to come loose', or 'to unravel'. It is commonly used for knots, strings, or laces. The sentence '靴のひもがほどけないようにしっかりと結んだ。' (I tied my shoelaces tightly so they wouldn't come untied.) correctly uses ほどける for shoelaces.
Why other options are incorrect:
For screws, 緩む (ゆるむ: to loosen) or 外れる (はずれる: to come off) would be more appropriate than ほどける.
For buttons, 外れる (はずれる: to come undone/off) is more appropriate than ほどける.
For ice melting, 溶ける (とける: to melt) is the correct verb, not ほどける.
赴任
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
赴任 (ふにん) means 'to move to a new post' or 'to be assigned to a new location (for work)'. It implies a long-term relocation for a job. The sentence '部長が海外の支社に赴任するので、みんなで送別会を開いた。' (Since the manager is being transferred to an overseas branch, everyone held a farewell party.) correctly uses 赴任 for a long-term work relocation.
Why other options are incorrect:
赴任 implies a long-term transfer, not a short business trip. 出張 (しゅっちょう: business trip) would be appropriate here.
赴任 is for a formal assignment, not for temporary training at a sales floor. 配属 (はいぞく: assignment) or 勤務 (きんむ: work) would be more appropriate.
赴任 is for moving to a new location for a post, not for being appointed to a new position within the same location. 就任 (しゅうにん: inauguration/assumption of office) would be appropriate here.
問題5 次の文の（ ）に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
人気作家A 氏の講演会が無料（ ）、多くのファンが詰めかけた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～とあって means 'because (it is a certain situation), as expected'. It indicates that a certain situation (無料, free) leads to a natural consequence (many fans gathering). The sentence means 'Because the popular author Mr. A's lecture was free, many fans flocked to it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
～にして means 'even for' or 'at (a certain time/age)'. It doesn't fit the causal relationship here.
～にあって means 'in (a certain situation)' or 'at (a certain time)'. It describes the context but doesn't express a direct cause-and-effect like とあって.
～として means 'as' or 'in the capacity of'. It describes a role or standpoint.
都会から田舎に移り住んだ人の話を聞く（ ）、「田舎は人を癒す力を持っている」とつくづく感じる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～につけ means 'whenever' or 'every time'. It indicates that a certain feeling or action occurs every time a particular event happens. '話を聞くにつけ' means 'whenever I hear stories'. The sentence means 'Whenever I hear stories from people who moved from the city to the countryside, I deeply feel that 'the countryside has the power to heal people'.'
Why other options are incorrect:
～なり means 'as soon as' or 'no sooner than', indicating an immediate subsequent action. It doesn't fit the repeated action implied by 'いつも' (always) or 'つくづく感じる' (deeply feel).
～とは is used to express surprise or strong emotion about something. It doesn't fit the continuous action.
～にしてみると means 'from the perspective of' or 'for (someone)'. It expresses a viewpoint.
この鍋は、いため物に、揚げ物に（ ）何にでも使えて便利です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～と means 'and' or 'as well as', used to list examples exhaustively or to indicate that something applies to all listed items. Here, いため物に、揚げ物にと means 'for stir-fries, for deep-fries, and so on', implying it's useful for all kinds of cooking. The sentence means 'This pot is convenient because it can be used for anything, such as stir-fries and deep-fries.'
Why other options are incorrect:
は (wa) is a topic particle. While it can emphasize, it doesn't create the 'and so on' nuance needed here.
～や is used to list examples, but it typically connects nouns (AやB). Here, the items are followed by に, making と more natural for listing purposes.
～か means 'or'. It implies a choice, which is not the meaning here.
プリンターの調子が悪くなり、製造会社に電話で問い合わせたら、向こうの担当者に、あれこれ質問に答え（ ）あげく、対応できないと言われた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～させられた is the causative-passive form, meaning 'was made to do' or 'was forced to do'. The speaker was forced to answer many questions. ～あげく means 'after (doing something undesirable) and as a result'. The sentence means 'My printer started acting up, so I called the manufacturer to inquire, and after being made to answer various questions by their representative, I was told they couldn't help.'
Why other options are incorrect:
～させた is the causative form, meaning 'made (someone) do'. This would imply the speaker made the representative answer questions, which is the opposite of the context.
～させられる is also causative-passive, but it's the dictionary form. The context requires the past tense to match 問い合わせたら and 言われた.
～させる is the dictionary form of the causative. It doesn't fit the past tense context.
その日、私はホームに入ってきた電車に飛び乗った。ところが、電車は反対方向に走り始めた（ ）私は電車の行き先を確かめなかったことを後悔した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～のではないか is a rhetorical question or an expression of realization/discovery, often with a nuance of surprise or unexpectedness. Here, it expresses the speaker's sudden realization and regret that the train started running in the opposite direction. The sentence means 'That day, I jumped onto the train that came into the platform. However, the train started running in the opposite direction, and I regretted not having checked the train's destination.'
Why other options are incorrect:
～ではない is a simple negative statement, not fitting the nuance of surprise or realization.
～ではないか is a rhetorical question, but it's usually used with a noun or na-adjective. With a verb, の is needed.
～のではない is a negative statement about a possibility or reason, not a sudden realization.
（インタビューで） A 「お店で一番気をつけていることは何ですか」 B 「衛生管理です。お客様に食事を（ ）、衛生面の管理には、何よりも注意しております。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～以上 (いじょう) means 'as long as', 'since', or 'now that'. It indicates that once a certain condition is met, a certain action or consequence naturally follows. The speaker is serving food (お出しする) to customers, so they must pay attention to hygiene. 'お出しする' is the humble form of 'to serve/offer', appropriate when speaking about one's own actions to customers. The sentence means 'A: What do you pay most attention to at your restaurant? B: Hygiene management. As long as we are serving food to customers, we pay utmost attention to hygiene management.'
Why other options are incorrect:
お出しになる is the honorific form, used when speaking about the customer's actions or a superior's actions, not one's own actions to customers.
お出しになる is honorific. ～うえ means 'in addition to' or 'on top of'. It doesn't fit the 'as long as' meaning.
～うえ means 'in addition to' or 'on top of'. It doesn't fit the 'as long as' meaning.
留学するまで、私は自分が見ている世界がすべてだと思っていた。実はそれが世界のほんの小さな一部分（ ）気付いていなかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～でしかない means 'is nothing but' or 'is merely'. It emphasizes that something is only a small part or a limited extent. The phrase 'ほんの小さな一部分でしかない' means 'is nothing but a tiny part'. The sentence means 'Until I studied abroad, I thought the world I was seeing was everything. In reality, I hadn't realized that it was merely a tiny part of the world.'
Why other options are incorrect:
～でない means 'is not'. '～にしか～ない' means 'only'. This combination doesn't form a coherent grammatical structure or meaning in this context.
～にない means 'is not in/at'. This doesn't fit the context of 'being a part of something'.
～にしかない means 'only exists in/at'. This doesn't fit the context of 'being a part of something'.
（パソコンを使いながら） A 「ねえ、この前教えた計算機能、使ってみた？」 B 「うん。今まであんなに時間をかけてたのが（ ）簡単に計算できたよ。」 A「でしょ。パソコンのことならまかせてよ。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～くらい / ～ほど means 'to the extent that'. ばかばかしく思える means 'it seems foolish/absurd'. So, 'ばかばかしく思えるくらい' means 'to the extent that it seems foolish/absurd'. This expresses the speaker's surprise and regret at how much time they wasted before, now that they know an easier way. The conversation means 'A: Hey, did you try the calculation function I taught you the other day? B: Yeah! I was able to calculate it so easily, to the point where it feels absurd how much time I used to spend on it. A: Right? Leave anything about computers to me!'
Why other options are incorrect:
～もので means 'because' or 'it is that'. While ばかばかしい思いをする (to feel foolish) is a valid phrase, the 'もので' ending doesn't convey the 'to the extent that' nuance needed here.
Similar to option 1, 'もので' doesn't fit the nuance of 'to the extent that'.
ばかばかしい思いをする means 'to feel foolish'. While grammatically possible, ばかばかしく思える (it seems foolish) is more natural when describing a situation that makes one feel that way, rather than directly stating one's feeling.
（電話で） 山中「あ、木村先生でいらっしゃいますか。AB 出版の山中でございますが、今から原稿をいただきに上がってもよろしいでしょうか。」 木村「すみません。まだできていないんです。あと3日（ ）。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～ていただくわけにはいきませんか is a polite and indirect way to ask if someone would be willing to do something for you, often implying a request for a favor or an apology for inconvenience. Here, Kimura is asking if Yamanaka could wait for 3 more days. The conversation means 'Yamanaka: Oh, is this Professor Kimura? This is Yamanaka from AB Publishing. May I come to receive the manuscript now? Kimura: I'm sorry, it's not ready yet. Would it be possible for you to wait another 3 days?'
Why other options are incorrect:
おいでになります is an honorific form of いる/来る/行く, meaning 'to be/come/go'. 待っておいでになります would mean 'you (honorific) are waiting', which is not what Kimura is asking.
お待ち申し上げております is a humble form meaning 'I am humbly waiting'. This implies Kimura is waiting for Yamanaka, which is the opposite of the situation.
待たせていただく means 'to humbly have you wait'. '～ことにしましょうか' means 'shall we decide to do X?'. This sounds like Kimura is making a decision for Yamanaka, which is less polite than asking for a favor.
（宇宙飛行士 山田太郎さんへのインタビューで） 山田「実は、初めから宇宙飛行士になる（ ）、そうじゃないんです。大学を出たら、医者になろうと思っていましたから。」 記者「では、何がきっかけで、宇宙飛行士になりたいと思ったんですか。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～つもりだったかっていうと is a common conversational pattern meaning 'If you ask if I intended to do X from the beginning, the answer is no.' It's used to deny an initial intention. The sentence means 'Yamada: Actually, if you ask if I intended to become an astronaut from the beginning, the answer is no. I was thinking of becoming a doctor after graduating from university. Reporter: Then, what prompted you to want to become an astronaut?'
Why other options are incorrect:
～つもりなのかっていわれたら means 'if I were asked if I intend to do X'. The tense is wrong (present/future vs. past intention).
～つもりじゃなかったのかっていわれたら means 'if I were asked if I didn't intend to do X'. This creates a double negative and doesn't fit the flow of denying an initial intention.
～つもりがなかったかっていうと means 'if you ask if I had no intention of doing X'. While grammatically possible, 'つもりだったか' (did I intend to) followed by a denial is more direct and natural for this type of question.
問題6 次の文の ★ に入る最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
大学入試では、試験当日初めてその大学に行き、迷ってしまった＿＿ ＿＿ ＿★＿ ＿＿ 事前に見学しておくとよい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is 「ということのないように」. This grammar pattern means 'so that X does not happen' or 'in order to avoid X'. The sentence means 'For university entrance exams, it's good to visit the university beforehand so that you don't go there for the first time on the day of the exam and get lost.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
趣味を持つのは良いことだと思いますが、家庭を犠牲___ ___ ＿★＿ ___、それはちょっと問題です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is 「にしてまでとなると」. This grammar pattern 「～にしてまで～となると」 means 'if it comes to the point of doing X (an extreme action)'. It expresses that if something goes to an extreme, it becomes problematic. The sentence means 'I think it's good to have hobbies, but if it comes to the point of sacrificing your family for them, that's a bit of a problem.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
管理職になったら、たとえ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿ ＿★＿ ＿＿＿ 部下の失敗も引き受けるというくらいの覚悟がなくてはならない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is 「自分には責任がなくても自分の責任だとして」. The phrase 「たとえ～だとしても」 means 'even if it is X'. The full phrase means 'even if you are not personally responsible, you must take it as your own responsibility'. The sentence means 'Once you become a manager, you must have the resolve to take responsibility for your subordinates' failures, even if you are not personally responsible.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
___ ___ ＿★＿ ___ 小さな町工場だった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is 「今でこそ一流企業と言われる我が社だがもともとは」. The pattern 「今でこそAと言われるが、もともとはBだった」 means 'Although it is now called A, originally it was B'. It highlights a significant change from the past to the present. The sentence means 'Although our company is now called a top-tier company, it was originally a small town factory.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
新番組でこれまでにない役柄を演じる俳優の上田秋さん。役作りに悩んでいる＿＿ ＿＿ ＿★＿ ＿＿＿ という。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is 「のかと思いきやそうでもない」. The pattern 「～かと思いきや～」 means 'just when one thought X, Y happened/was the case'. It expresses a surprising or unexpected outcome. The sentence means 'Actor Ueda Akio, who is playing an unprecedented role in a new program. Just when one might think he's struggling with character development, it turns out he's not.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
This is part of the correct phrase, but not the star part.
問題7 次の文章を読んで、文章全体の趣旨を踏まえて、41から45の中に入る最もよいものを 1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
Reading Passage
きょうはCMの中身ではなく、CMの出し方について、広告主の人たちにお願いをしたい。
番組の途中にCMが【41】。が、モンダイはその入り方のタイミングだ。たとえば、歌やものまねのうまさを競い合う番組の中で、いざ、審査員の点数が出ようとするその直前に、ポンとCMが割って入る。あるいは、クイズ番組の中で正解が発表されようとするその瞬間に、サッと画面がCMに入れ替わる。ああいうせこい(注1)ことは【42】。
あれは広告主がやっているわけでなく、番組を作っているテレビ局の人の考えでやっているんだろう。が、それだったら、そういういやらしいCMの入れ方はしないでほしいと、テレビ局の人に注文をつけてもらいたい。
【43-a】、みんながテレビの前で身を乗り出している瞬間にCMを入れれば、見られる【43-b】。が、わざわざ番組の流れを断ち切り、視聴者の感興(注2)をそいでまで強引にCMを見せようとするやり方って、さもしくないだろうか。みっともなくないだろうか。
CMのセンスは、企業のセンスのあらわれである。それはCMの中身だけでなく、CMの出し方にも言えることだ。せっかくいいCMを作っても、ああいう出し方をされると、なんと視聴者をバカにした企業だろうと思われてしまう。いやおうなしに【44】ああいうやり方は、極端に言えば暴力みたいなものであって、消費者を大切に思う企業のやることじゃない。
近ごろハヤリの言葉で言えば、これは企業の「品位」にかかわるモンダイである。【45-a】だけじゃない、【45-b】だいぶ前から、「品がねえぞ」と怒ってるよ。
(天野祐吉朝日新聞2008年4月15日付朝刊による)
（注1）せこい：ずるい
（注2）感興をそぐ：何かについて持っている興味をなくさせる
English Summary & Annotations
41
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence structure is '番組の途中にCMが【41】。が、モンダイはその入り方のタイミングだ。' This means 'It's fine for commercials to enter during the program. However, the problem is the timing of their entry.' The phrase '～のはいい' means 'it's fine to do X' or 'X is acceptable'. This fits the context where the author accepts the presence of commercials but criticizes their timing.
Why other options are incorrect:
～のにいい means 'good for X' or 'suitable for X'. This doesn't fit the nuance of 'it's acceptable that X happens'.
～のがいいのか means 'is it good that X happens?' or 'should X happen?'. This is a question, which doesn't fit the declarative statement that follows.
～のでいいのか means 'is it okay because X happens?'. This is also a question and doesn't fit the context.
42
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The author is expressing a strong desire for this 'sneaky' practice to stop. '～てほしいのだ' means 'I want X to do Y' or 'It is that I want X to do Y', emphasizing the speaker's wish. The sentence 'ああいうせこいことは【42】。' means 'I want them to stop doing such sneaky things.'
Why other options are incorrect:
やめようと思う means 'I think I will stop'. This refers to the speaker's own intention, not a request to others.
やめるのだろうか means 'I wonder if they will stop'. This is a question about possibility, not a strong request.
やめられるものではない means 'it's not something that can be stopped'. This implies impossibility, which contradicts the author's call for action.
43
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence structure is '【43-a】、みんながテレビの前で身を乗り出している瞬間にCMを入れれば、見られる【43-b】。が、わざわざ番組の流れを断ち切り...' The first part acknowledges a truth, followed by 'が' (but), which introduces a counter-argument. 'たしかに' (certainly/indeed) fits the acknowledgement, and 'ことは間違いない' (there's no doubt that) reinforces it. So, 'たしかに、みんながテレビの前で身を乗り出している瞬間にCMを入れれば、見られることは間違いない。' means 'Certainly, if you insert commercials at the moment everyone is leaning forward in front of the TV, there's no doubt they will be seen.' This sets up the contrast with the author's criticism.
Why other options are incorrect:
やはり (as expected) doesn't fit the nuance of acknowledging a point before refuting it. ところだった (was about to) doesn't fit the meaning of 'will certainly be seen'.
いったい (what on earth) is used for strong questions. のか (is it that?) is also a question. Neither fits the declarative acknowledgement.
～といっても (although I say X) and ～わけでもない (it's not necessarily that) are used for making concessions or partial denials, which doesn't fit the strong acknowledgement before the 'but'.
44
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence is 'せっかくいいCMを作っても、ああいう出し方をされると、なんと視聴者をバカにした企業だろうと思われてしまう。いやおうなしに【44】ああいうやり方は、極端に言えば暴力みたいなものであって、消費者を大切に思う企業のやることじゃない。' The phrase 'いやおうなしに' means 'whether one likes it or not' or 'forcibly'. The author is saying that such methods force viewers to watch the commercials. '見させてしまう' is the causative form of 見る (to see) plus しまう (indicating an undesirable outcome), meaning 'to make someone watch (unwillingly)'. The sentence means 'Even if they make a good commercial, if it's presented in that way, viewers will think what a company that makes a fool of its audience it is. It forcibly makes them watch. Such a method, to put it extremely, is like violence, and it's not something a company that values consumers would do.'
Why other options are incorrect:
身を乗り出させる means 'to make someone lean forward'. This is not the intended meaning; the author is talking about being forced to watch, not forced to lean forward.
見られてしまう is the passive form of 見る plus しまう, meaning 'to be seen (undesirably)'. This implies the viewers are being seen, not that they are being forced to watch.
身を乗り出される is the passive form of 身を乗り出す, meaning 'to be leaned forward by someone'. This is grammatically awkward and doesn't fit the context.
45
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence is '【45-a】だけじゃない、【45-b】だいぶ前から、「品がねえぞ」と怒ってるよ。' The author is stating that it's not just *him* who is angry, but *everyone* has been angry for a long time. 'ぼく' (I/me) refers to the author, and 'みんな' (everyone) refers to the general public/viewers. The phrase '～だけじゃない、～も' means 'not only X, but also Y'. The sentence means 'It's not just me; everyone has been angry, saying 'there's no dignity!' for quite some time.'
Why other options are incorrect:
広告主 (advertisers) are the subject of the criticism, not the ones who are angry.
Again, 広告主 is incorrect for 'a'.
広告主も (advertisers too) is incorrect for 'b' as they are the ones being criticized, not the ones expressing anger about the lack of dignity.