JLPT Test N1 in 12/2019
問題1: ________の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
彼はその話を<u>披露</u>するチャンスをうがっていたようだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
披露 (ひろう) is the correct reading for the kanji, which means 'to announce, to show, to display'. The sentence means 'He seemed to be waiting for a chance to announce that story.'. This reading is standard for this kanji in this context.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading; the 'ろう' part is missing.
This reading (ばくろう) is for 暴露 (bakuro), meaning 'exposure' or 'disclosure', which is a different kanji and meaning.
This reading (ばくろ) is for 暴露 (bakuro), meaning 'exposure' or 'disclosure', which is a different kanji and meaning.
力を入れたら<u>砕けて</u>しまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
砕けて (くだけて) is the correct reading for the kanji 砕ける, which means 'to break, to shatter'. The sentence means 'It broke when I put force into it.'. This reading is standard for this kanji in this context.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 欠けて (kakete), meaning 'chipped' or 'lacking', which has a different nuance.
This is the reading for 弾けて (hajikete), meaning 'bursting' or 'popping', which does not fit the context of 'breaking'.
This is the reading for 裂けて (sakete), meaning 'torn' or 'split', which is a different type of breaking.
年を取って、物に<u>執着</u>する気持ちが少なくなった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
執着 (しゅうちゃく) is the correct reading for the kanji, which means 'attachment, obsession'. The sentence means 'As I've gotten older, my attachment to things has lessened.'. This reading is standard for this kanji in this context.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading; the 'しゅう' sound is incorrect.
This is an incorrect reading; the 'しゅう' sound is incorrect.
This is an incorrect reading; the 'しゅう' sound is incorrect.
<u>債務</u>の状況を確かめる
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
債務 (さいむ) is the correct reading for the kanji, which means 'debt, liability'. The sentence means 'To confirm the status of the debt.'. This reading is standard for this kanji in this context.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading; the 'さい' sound is incorrect.
This is the reading for 責務 (sekimu), meaning 'duty' or 'responsibility', which is a different kanji and meaning.
This is an incorrect reading; the 'さい' sound is incorrect.
鈴木氏の研究は物理学の発展に大いに<u>貢献</u>した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
貢献 (こうけん) is the correct reading for the kanji, which means 'contribution'. The sentence means 'Mr. Suzuki's research greatly contributed to the development of physics.'. This reading is standard for this kanji in this context.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 交換 (koukan), meaning 'exchange', which is a different kanji and meaning.
This is an incorrect reading; the 'こう' sound is incorrect.
This is an incorrect reading; the 'こう' sound is incorrect.
昨日の彼の態度は、実に<u>潔い</u>ものだった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
潔い (いさぎよい) is the correct reading for the kanji, which means 'manly, brave, sportsmanlike, frank, clean-cut'. The sentence means 'His attitude yesterday was truly clean-cut/frank.'. This reading is standard for this kanji in this context.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 清い (kiyoi), meaning 'pure' or 'clean', which is a different kanji and meaning.
This is the reading for 尊い (toutoi), meaning 'precious' or 'noble', which is a different meaning.
This is the reading for 快い (kokoroyoi), meaning 'pleasant' or 'agreeable', which is a different meaning.
問題2: ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ選びなさい。
森選手は記者会見で今シーズン限りで引退することを( )した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
表明 (ひょうめい: declaration, announcement) is the most appropriate word. The sentence means 'Player Mori announced his retirement at the end of this season at the press conference.'. It fits because the context describes an announcement or declaration.
Why other options are incorrect:
'証言' (しょうげん: testimony) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'開示' (かいじ: disclosure) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'供述' (きょうじゅつ: statement (to police/court)) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
政治家の高木氏は、全国各地を飛び回って( ) 講演を行い、政策の支持を呼び掛けた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
精力的に (せいりょくてきに: energetically, vigorously) is the most appropriate word. The sentence means 'Politician Takagi traveled all over the country, giving energetic lectures and calling for support for his policies.'. It fits because the context describes an announcement or declaration.
Why other options are incorrect:
'圧倒的に' (あっとうてきに: overwhelmingly) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'急進的に' (きゅうしんてきに: radically, drastically) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'普遍的に' (ふへんてきに: universally) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
友人に預けてきたベットのことが( )で、旅行はあまり楽しめなかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
気がかり (きがかり: worry, concern) is the most appropriate word. The sentence means 'I couldn't enjoy the trip much because I was worried about the pet I left with a friend.'. It fits because the context describes an announcement or declaration.
Why other options are incorrect:
'手つかず' (てつかず: untouched, intact) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'眼病' (がんびょう: eye disease) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'迷惑' (めいわく: trouble, annoyance) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
この1年間の市の人口の( )を示したものです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
推移 (すいい: transition, change (over time)) is the most appropriate word. The sentence means 'This shows the population changes of the city over the past year.'. It fits because the context describes an announcement or declaration.
Why other options are incorrect:
'過程' (かてい: process) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'転換' (てんかん: conversion, changeover) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'変容' (へんよう: transformation) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
予算が減らされたことにより、その事業は継続が( )いる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
危ぶまれて (あやぶまれて: to be feared, to be in danger (危ぶむ)) is the most appropriate word. The sentence means 'Due to the budget cut, the continuation of that project is in doubt/feared.'. It fits because the context describes an announcement or declaration.
Why other options are incorrect:
'損なわれて' (そこなわれて: to be damaged, to be harmed (損なう)) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'恐れられて' (おそれられて: to be feared (恐れる)) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'崩されて' (くずされて: to be crumbled, to be destroyed (崩す)) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
この箱の中には本が詰まっていて、( )重い。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ずっしりと (heavily, with a thud) is the most appropriate word. The sentence means 'This box is packed with books and is heavily weighted.'. It fits because the context describes an announcement or declaration.
Why other options are incorrect:
'ぐらぐらと' (wobbly, shaky) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'どんよりと' (dull, gloomy) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'じめじめと' (damp, humid) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
二つの商品を並べると、それらの違いは( )としていて、片方は偽物だとすぐに分かる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
歴然 (れきぜん: obvious, clear) is the most appropriate word. The sentence means 'When you line up the two products, their differences are obvious, and you can immediately tell that one is fake.'. It fits because the context describes an announcement or declaration.
Why other options are incorrect:
'整然' (せいぜん: orderly, systematic) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'続々' (ぞくぞく: one after another, continuously) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
'堂々' (どうどう: magnificent, imposing) does not fit the context of the sentence, which requires a word related to announcing or declaring.
問題3:______の言葉に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ選びなさい。
新人でいきなり主役に選ばれるのは<u>異例</u>のことだよ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word 異例 (いれい) means 'unusual, exceptional'. The option '珍しい' (めずらしい: rare, unusual) is the closest in meaning, indicating something rare or exceptional.
Why other options are incorrect:
'めでたい' (auspicious, happy) is not a synonym for '異例'.
'立派な' (splendid, admirable) is not a synonym for '異例'.
'幸運な' (lucky) is not a synonym for '異例'.
木村さんは新しい薬を開発するための実験に<u>打ち込んた</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word 打ち込んた (うちこんだ) means 'devoted oneself to, immersed oneself in'. The option '熱中した' (ねっちゅうした: was absorbed in, enthusiastic about) is the closest in meaning, indicating something rare or exceptional.
Why other options are incorrect:
'失敗した' (failed) is not a synonym for '打ち込んた'.
'苦労した' (struggled, had difficulties) is not a synonym for '打ち込んた'.
'協力した' (cooperated) is not a synonym for '打ち込んた'.
池田さんはお金に関して<u>ルーズ</u>な人だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word ルーズ (ruuzu) means 'loose, sloppy, careless (often about money or time)'. The option 'だらしない' (sloppy, untidy, careless) is the closest in meaning, indicating something rare or exceptional.
Why other options are incorrect:
'けちな' (stingy) is not a synonym for 'ルーズ'.
'無関心な' (indifferent, uninterested) is not a synonym for 'ルーズ'.
'厳しい' (strict, severe) is not a synonym for 'ルーズ'.
祖父は学生時代に体験した不思議な出来事を<u>つぶさに</u>語って聞かせてくれた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word つぶさに (tsubusa ni) means 'in detail, thoroughly'. The option '詳細に' (しょうさいに: in detail) is the closest in meaning, indicating something rare or exceptional.
Why other options are incorrect:
'のんびりと' (leisurely, at ease) is not a synonym for 'つぶさに'.
'繰り返し' (repeatedly) is not a synonym for 'つぶさに'.
'懐かしそうに' (nostalgically) is not a synonym for 'つぶさに'.
高橋さんの話は<u>脈絡</u>がない
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word 脈絡 (みゃくらく) means 'connection, coherence, logical sequence'. The option 'つながり' (connection, link) is the closest in meaning, indicating something rare or exceptional.
Why other options are incorrect:
'うそ' (lie) is not a synonym for '脈絡'.
'終わり' (end) is not a synonym for '脈絡'.
'面白み' (interest, charm) is not a synonym for '脈絡'.
次の会議で新しいプロジェクトについて<u>吟味</u>することになっている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word 吟味 (ぎんみ) means 'careful examination, scrutiny, selection'. The option '検討' (けんとう: consideration, examination) is the closest in meaning, indicating something rare or exceptional.
Why other options are incorrect:
'決定' (decision) is not a synonym for '吟味'.
'提案' (proposal) is not a synonym for '吟味'.
'報告' (report) is not a synonym for '吟味'.
問題4: 次の言葉の使い方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ選びなさい。
要望
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word '要望' (ようぼう) means 'demand, request (often from a group or for a specific need)'. Option 2 correctly uses '要望' to describe a situation where things are evenly matched or a business is thriving, which aligns with its primary meaning.
Why other options are incorrect:
要望 (request/demand) is not typically used for a personal dream or aspiration. 夢 (dream) or 願望 (desire) would be more appropriate.
要望 is not used for applying for a passport. 申請 (application) is the correct term.
要望 is too strong for a personal request to a teacher. 希望 (hope/wish) or 相談 (consultation) would be more natural.
覆す
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word '覆す' (くつがえす) means 'to overturn, to overthrow, to reverse (a decision, theory, etc.)'. Option 4 correctly uses '覆す' to describe a situation where things are evenly matched or a business is thriving, which aligns with its primary meaning.
Why other options are incorrect:
覆す is not used for reversing age. 変える (change) or 戻す (return) might be used, but the concept itself is not applicable.
覆す is too strong for changing a plan. 変更する (change) or ずらす (shift) would be more appropriate.
覆す is not used for turning over a paper. 裏返す (turn over) is the correct verb.
繁盛
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word '繁盛' (はんじょう) means 'prosperous, flourishing (especially for a business)'. Option 1 correctly uses '繁盛' to describe a situation where things are evenly matched or a business is thriving, which aligns with its primary meaning.
Why other options are incorrect:
繁盛 is not used for traffic congestion. 混雑 (congestion) or 渋滞 (traffic jam) would be appropriate.
繁盛 is not used for a lively party. 盛り上がった (got lively) or 賑わった (was bustling) would be appropriate.
繁盛 is typically for individual businesses, not a national economy. 発展 (development) or 成長 (growth) would be more suitable.
くじける
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word 'くじける' means 'to be discouraged, to lose heart; to sprain (an ankle)'. Option 3 correctly uses 'くじける' to describe a situation where things are evenly matched or a business is thriving, which aligns with its primary meaning.
Why other options are incorrect:
くじける is not used for physical strength. 衰えない (not decline) or 落ちない (not drop) would be more appropriate.
くじける is not used for plants wilting. 枯れない (not wither) or 弱らない (not weaken) would be more appropriate.
くじける is not used for weather changing. 崩れそう (likely to break down/change for the worse) would be more appropriate.
ひたむき
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word 'ひたむき' means 'earnest, single-minded, devoted'. Option 4 correctly uses 'ひたむき' to describe a situation where things are evenly matched or a business is thriving, which aligns with its primary meaning.
Why other options are incorrect:
ひたむき is for human attitude, not for abstract concepts like progress. 著しい (remarkable) or 目覚ましい (striking) would be more appropriate.
ひたむき is for human actions/attitudes, not for inanimate objects. 忠実に (faithfully) or 黙々と (silently/steadily) would be more appropriate.
ひたむき is not used for snow accumulating. 絶え間なく (continuously) or どんどん (rapidly) would be more appropriate.
互角
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word '互角' (ごかく) means 'equal, evenly matched'. Option 2 correctly uses '互角' to describe a situation where things are evenly matched or a business is thriving, which aligns with its primary meaning.
Why other options are incorrect:
互角 is for comparison of abilities/strength, not for equal distribution. 均等に (equally) or 平等に (fairly) would be more appropriate.
互角 is not used for equal price. 同程度の (of similar degree) or 同じくらいの (about the same) would be more appropriate.
互角 is not used for temperature equality. 同じくらい (about the same) or ほぼ同じ (almost the same) would be more appropriate.
問題5: 次の文の( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ選びなさい。
不況の影響で、多くの企業が事業の縮小や延期、さらには事業からの撤退( )余儀なくされている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct particle is 'を'. The pattern '～を余儀なくされる' means 'to be forced to do something' or 'to have no choice but to do something'. In this sentence, companies are forced to reduce or withdraw from businesses due to the recession.
Why other options are incorrect:
'で' is incorrect. It would imply 'by means of' or 'at', which doesn't fit the 'forced to' meaning.
'と' is incorrect. It implies 'with' or 'and', which doesn't fit the 'forced to' meaning.
'に' is incorrect. While 'に' can indicate a result or target, 'を余儀なくされる' is the fixed grammatical structure.
一度ついてしまった癖は、( )簡単には直らないものだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct adverb is 'そう'. The pattern 'そう～ない' means 'not easily' or 'not likely to'. It indicates that something is not easily done or is unlikely to happen. Here, a habit once formed is not easily fixed.
Why other options are incorrect:
'たとえ' means 'even if' and requires a conditional clause, which is not present here.
'そのうち' means 'eventually' or 'before long', which contradicts the meaning of 'not easily fixed'.
'いったい' means 'what on earth' or 'how in the world' and is used for emphasis in questions or exclamations, not to modify '簡単には直らない'.
半年後に大学受験( )、アイドルの西田アキは現在活動を休止している。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct phrase is 'を控えて'. The pattern '～を控えて' means 'with something approaching soon' or 'just before something'. It indicates that an event is imminent. Here, the idol is suspending activities because her university entrance exams are approaching.
Why other options are incorrect:
'を基にして' means 'based on', which doesn't fit the temporal relationship.
'をもって' means 'with/by means of' or 'as of', which doesn't fit the 'approaching' meaning.
'をめぐって' means 'concerning' or 'around', which doesn't fit the temporal relationship.
結婚2年目の記念に、娘が遊園地のペアチケットをプレゼントしてくれた。いまさら夫婦二人で遊園地( )と思ったが、行ってみたら意外と楽しめた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct phrase is 'でもあるまい'. The pattern '～でもあるまい' means 'it's not as if it's X' or 'it's not X, is it?'. It expresses a sense of 'it's not appropriate for X' or 'it's not the case that X'. Here, the speaker thought it wasn't appropriate for a married couple to go to an amusement park 'anymore'.
Why other options are incorrect:
'にすぎない' means 'nothing more than' or 'merely', which doesn't fit the nuance of questioning appropriateness.
'ならではだ' means 'unique to' or 'only possible with', which is irrelevant here.
'のようなものだ' means 'it's like X' or 'it's something like X', which doesn't convey the speaker's initial hesitation.
(手紙で) 毎日を迎え、お忙しい毎日をお過ごしのことと( )が、お変わりありませんでしょうか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct humble verb is '存じます'. '存じます' (sonjimasu) is the humble form of '思います' (omoimasu - to think/suppose) or '知っています' (shitteimasu - to know). In formal letters, it's used to humbly express one's thoughts or assumptions about the recipient's situation. The phrase 'お過ごしのことと存じます' means 'I suppose you are spending busy days'.
Why other options are incorrect:
'いたします' is the humble form of 'します' (shimasu - to do), which doesn't fit the meaning of 'to suppose'.
'承りします' is an incorrect form. The humble form of '聞く' (kiku - to hear/ask) or '受ける' (ukeru - to receive) is '承る' (uketamawaru), but it doesn't fit the context of supposing someone's state.
'申し上げます' is the humble form of '言います' (iimasu - to say), which doesn't fit the meaning of 'to suppose'.
駐車場に着いて、車から( )、ザーッと大粒の雨が降ってきた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct phrase is '出ようとしたとたんに'. The pattern '～ようとしたとたんに' means 'just as one was about to do X, Y happened'. It describes an immediate, often unexpected, event (Y) that occurs right when X is about to happen. Here, as soon as the person was about to get out of the car, heavy rain started.
Why other options are incorrect:
'出るようにしたとたんに' is grammatically incorrect. '～ようにする' means 'to make an effort to do' or 'to arrange so that', which doesn't fit the suddenness implied by 'とたんに'.
'出るようにするにつれて' means 'as one makes an effort to get out', implying a gradual change, which contradicts 'とたんに' (suddenly).
'出るようとするにつれて' is grammatically incorrect and doesn't fit the meaning.
取引先との打ち合わせで、「御社で」と( )、誤って「弊社で」と言ってしまい、相手を混乱させてしまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct phrase is '言うべきところを'. The pattern '～べきところを' means 'where one should have done X, but instead did Y'. It indicates that something was supposed to be done or said, but a mistake was made. Here, the speaker should have said '御社で' (your company) but mistakenly said '弊社で' (our company).
Why other options are incorrect:
'言うのにひきかえ' means 'in contrast to saying', which doesn't fit the context of a mistake.
'言ったことにしても' means 'even if one said', which doesn't fit the context of a mistake.
'言ったつもりはないのに' means 'even though I didn't intend to say', which implies a different nuance of unintentional action, not a direct mistake in choice of words.
この映画は主役の演技が良くない。ほかの俳優については( )、実にもったいない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct phrase is '文句のつけようがないだけに'. The pattern '～だけに' means 'precisely because' or 'all the more because'. '文句のつけようがない' means 'there's nothing to complain about'. So, '文句のつけようがないだけに' means 'precisely because there's nothing to complain about regarding the other actors'. This emphasizes the regret that the main actor's poor performance spoils an otherwise excellent cast.
Why other options are incorrect:
'文句のつけようがないのか' means 'is it that there's nothing to complain about?', which is a question and doesn't fit the flow of the sentence.
'文句をつけずにはいられないのか' means 'is it that one can't help but complain?', which contradicts the idea that the other actors are good.
'文句をつけずにはいられないだけに' means 'precisely because one can't help but complain', which also contradicts the idea that the other actors are good.
こんなに天気が良くなるなら、レインコートなんて、着て( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct phrase is 'くるんじゃなかった'. The pattern '～んじゃなかった' (casual form of ～のではなかった) expresses regret or a realization that something should not have been done, or that something was unnecessary. Here, the speaker regrets wearing a raincoat because the weather turned out to be good.
Why other options are incorrect:
'きたんだった' is a simple past tense with 'んだった' (regret/realization), but 'くる' (to come) is not the verb for wearing a raincoat. '着る' (kiru) is the verb.
'くるんだった' uses 'くる' (to come) instead of '着る' (kiru - to wear).
'きたんじゃなかった' uses 'きた' (past of '来る' - to come) which is incorrect for wearing clothes. It should be '着る' (kiru).
夕方の飛行機で帰ろうと思っていたが、台風の進路によっては午後の便がすべて欠航に（ )。今夜の宿 を探しておいたほうがよさそうだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct phrase is 'ならないともかぎらない'. The pattern '～ないともかぎらない' means 'it's not necessarily not X' or 'it might X'. It expresses a possibility that something might happen, even if it's not certain. Here, it means 'it's not necessarily that all afternoon flights won't be canceled', implying they might be canceled, hence the need to find accommodation.
Why other options are incorrect:
'なるにこしたことはない' means 'there's nothing better than X' or 'it's best to be X', which doesn't fit the context of uncertainty and potential cancellation.
'なりそうですらない' is grammatically awkward and doesn't convey the intended meaning of possibility.
'なっているはずがない' means 'it shouldn't be X' or 'it's impossible that X', which contradicts the speaker's concern about cancellation.
問題6: 次の文の_★_に入る最もよいものを1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
読むことは _★_ ___ ___ ___ とは言えない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '読むことは読んだが、あまり理解できたとは言えない。'. The starred part '読んだ' completes the phrase '読んだが、あまり理解できたとは言えない'. The full sentence means 'Just because you read it, it doesn't mean you understood it very well.' This uses the pattern '～は～が、あまり～ない' (It's true that X, but not very Y).
Why other options are incorrect:
This particle is part of the correct phrase but not the starred part itself, and placing it here would break the grammar.
This adverb modifies '理解できた' and cannot be the starred part.
This verb phrase is part of the latter half of the sentence and cannot be the starred part.
食事する ___ _★_ ___ ___ 一日だった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '食事する時間も惜しいくらい忙しい一日だった。'. The starred part '時間が惜しい' completes the phrase '時間も惜しいくらい忙しい'. The full sentence means 'It was such a busy day that I even begrudged the time to eat.' This uses the pattern '～も惜しいくらい' (so X that even Y is begrudged).
Why other options are incorrect:
This particle phrase is part of the correct structure but not the starred part itself.
This particle is part of the correct structure but not the starred part itself.
This adjective describes the day and comes after the starred part.
自分のこと___ ___ _★_ ___ のは我慢できない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '自分のことについてはならともかく、家族や友人の悪口を言われるのは我慢できない。'. The starred part 'ともかく' completes the phrase 'についてはならともかく、家族や友人の悪口を言われる'. The full sentence means 'I can tolerate criticism about myself, but I cannot tolerate slander against my family or friends.' This uses the pattern '～はともかく' (leaving X aside, Y is the case).
Why other options are incorrect:
This particle phrase is part of the correct structure but not the starred part itself.
This particle is part of the correct structure but not the starred part itself.
This phrase is the main subject of the second clause and cannot be the starred part.
食べ物に関しては、これだけは、___ ___ _★_ ___ 誰だってあると思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '食べ物に関しては、これだけは、譲れないという何かしらのこだわりを持つことは誰だってあると思う。'. The starred part 'こだわりを' completes the phrase '譲れないという何かしらのこだわりを持つことは'. The full sentence means 'Regarding food, I think everyone has some kind of particular preference that they cannot compromise on.' This uses the pattern '～というこだわりを持つ' (to have a particular preference that X).
Why other options are incorrect:
This phrase is part of the correct structure but not the starred part itself.
This phrase modifies 'こだわり' and cannot be the starred part.
This phrase modifies 'こだわり' and cannot be the starred part.
ランニングシューズを買うために、___ ___ _★_ ___ 結局買えなかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: 'ランニングシューズを買うために、スポーツショップを数軒回って探したが売り切れているか残っていてもサイズが合うのがなかったりで結局買えなかった。'. The starred part '残っていても' completes the phrase '売り切れているか残っていてもサイズが合うのがなかったりで'. The full sentence means 'I went around several sports shops to buy running shoes, but they were either sold out or, even if they had some left, there were no sizes that fit, so I couldn't buy them in the end.' This uses the pattern '～か～かで' (either X or Y, and because of that).
Why other options are incorrect:
This phrase is part of the correct structure but not the starred part itself.
This phrase is part of the correct structure but not the starred part itself.
This phrase describes the action taken and comes before the starred part.
問題7: 次の文章を読んで文章全体の趣旨を踏まえて(41)から(45)の中に入る最もよいものを1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
Reading Passage
子どものころから文章を書くことは得意だったが、好きではなかった。もし自分が小説を書くことが好きだったらどうなっていただろう、と考えることがある。もし好きだったら、たぶん日常的な行為になっていただろう。つまり小説を書くことが自分にとって特別なことではなくなっていただろう。【42】 小説を書くことそのものに満足を覚えるようになったかも知れない。執筆が日常的な行為と化すこと、書くことそのものに満足すること、いずれも予定調和に向かう要因となる。わたしにとっては忌避すべきことだ。
「好き」という概念を【43】。だが好きという言葉は自家撞着 満足の罠に陥りやすい。程度の差はあっても、好きという感情には必ず脳の深部が関係している。理性一般を司る前頭前皮質ではなく、深部大脳辺縁系や基底核が関わっている。「好き」は理性ではなくエモーショナルな部分に依存する。だからたいていの場合、本当に「好きなこと」「好きなモノ」「好きな人」に関して、わたしたちは他人に説明できない。なぜ好きなの? どう好きなの?と聞かれても、うまく答えられないのだ。「好き」が脳の深部から湧いてくるもので、その説明を担当するのは理性なので、そこに本来的なギャップが【44】、逆に、他人にわかりやすく説明できるような「好き」は、案外どうでもいい場合が多い。
「なぜあの人が好きなの?」「お金持ちだから」というようなやりとりを想像すればわかりやすいが、説明可能なわかりやすい「好き」は、何かを生み出すような力には【45】。
(注1) 予定調和:ここでは、創造的でない状態
(注2) 自家撞着:自己矛盾
(注3) エモーショナルな:感情の
English Summary & Annotations
【41】.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct option is 'わたしにとって'. The sentence before states that writing novels is important but requires intense concentration, so the author cannot say they 'like' it. The blank then leads to '小説を書くことは好きという言葉の枠外にある。' (Writing novels is outside the framework of the word 'like'). 'わたしにとって' (for me/to me) logically connects the author's personal feeling to the statement that writing is beyond the simple definition of 'like' for them.
Why other options are incorrect:
'わたしも' (me too) implies agreement with a previous statement about someone else, which isn't the case here.
'わたしなら' (if it were me) implies a hypothetical situation or a contrast, which doesn't fit the direct statement of the author's current feeling.
'わたしはというと' (speaking of me) is used to introduce one's own case in contrast to something previously mentioned, but here it's a direct continuation of the author's personal reflection.
【42】.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct option is 'もしかしたら'. The preceding sentence discusses a hypothetical situation: 'もし好きだったら、たぶん日常的な行為になっていただろう。' (If I liked it, it would probably have become a daily activity). The blank then introduces another hypothetical consequence: '小説を書くことそのものに満足を覚えるようになったかも知れない。' (I might have come to feel satisfied with the act of writing itself). 'もしかしたら' (perhaps, possibly) fits perfectly to introduce this potential outcome.
Why other options are incorrect:
'実は' (actually, in fact) introduces a truth or reality, not a hypothetical possibility.
'確かに' (certainly, indeed) expresses certainty, which contradicts the hypothetical nature of the sentence.
'とはいえ' (however, nonetheless) introduces a concession or contrast, which doesn't fit the flow of a hypothetical consequence.
【43】.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct option is '否定しているわけではない'. The sentence reads: '「好き」という概念を【43】。だが好きという言葉は自家撞着満足の罠に陥りやすい。' (The concept of 'like' [blank]. However, the word 'like' tends to fall into the trap of self-contradictory satisfaction). The 'だが' (however) indicates a contrast. The author is not denying the concept of 'like' itself, but rather pointing out the pitfalls of the *word* 'like'. So, '否定しているわけではない' (it's not that I'm denying it) creates this logical flow.
Why other options are incorrect:
'否定してすらいない' (not even denying it) is too strong and implies a complete lack of denial, which isn't the nuance here. The author is nuanced about the concept.
'否定してはいまいか' (might it not be denying it?) is a rhetorical question, which doesn't fit the declarative statement needed here.
'否定していたとしょう' (let's assume I was denying it) introduces a hypothetical assumption, which doesn't fit the author's actual stance.
【44】.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct option is '生まれるからだが、'. The sentence states that 'suki' comes from the deep parts of the brain, and explanation is handled by reason. So, 'そこに本来的なギャップが【44】、逆に、他人にわかりやすく説明できるような「好き」は、案外どうでもいい場合が多い。' (There, an inherent gap [blank], conversely, 'suki' that can be easily explained to others is often not that important). The 'からだが' (because, but) structure indicates a reason followed by a contrasting point. The gap *arises* (生まれる) because of this difference between emotional origin and rational explanation, and then the 'but' introduces the contrasting idea.
Why other options are incorrect:
'生まれそうだが、' (seems like it will arise, but) implies uncertainty, whereas the passage describes an inherent gap.
'生まれるのはいいが、' (it's fine that it arises, but) implies acceptance, which doesn't fit the critical tone about the gap.
'生まれるかどうかだが' (whether it arises or not, but) expresses doubt, which is not the point being made about an inherent gap.
【45】.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct option is 'なり得ないのだと思う'. The sentence concludes the passage: '説明可能なわかりやすい「好き」は、何かを生み出すような力には【45】。' (Easily explainable 'suki' does not have the power to create something new). 'なり得ない' means 'cannot become' or 'cannot be'. The author's argument is that 'suki' that can be rationally explained lacks the deep, emotional power to generate creativity. 'のだと思う' (I think) expresses the author's conclusion.
Why other options are incorrect:
'なれないという点だ。' (it's the point that it cannot become) is grammatically possible but less natural for expressing the author's concluding thought than 'なり得ないのだと思う'.
'なってはいけないらしい' (it seems it shouldn't become) implies a prohibition or a rumor, which doesn't fit the analytical tone.
'ならずに済むのかもしれない' (it might be able to avoid becoming) implies avoiding something, which is not the intended meaning.