JLPT Test N1 in 07/2019
文法 問題1_の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びなさい。
1. あの態度には<u>猛烈</u>に腹が立った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct reading for 猛烈 is もうれつ (mōretsu), meaning 'fierce, intense, violent'. The sentence means 'I was fiercely angered by that attitude.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is a common misreading, missing the long vowel sound.
This reading (強烈) means 'intense' but uses different kanji.
This is an incorrect reading.
2. 彼女は病を<u>克服</u>して、職場に戻ってきた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct reading for 克服 is こくふく (kokufuku), meaning 'overcoming, conquering'. The sentence means 'She overcame her illness and returned to work.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This reading (降伏) means 'surrender'.
This is an incorrect reading.
This reading (回復) means 'recovery'.
3. <u>崩れやすい</u>ので、運ぶときは気をつけてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct reading for 崩れやすい is くずれやすい (kuzureyasui), meaning 'easily crumbled, fragile'. The sentence means 'It's easily crumbled, so please be careful when carrying it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This reading (潰れやすい) means 'easily crushed/smashed'.
This reading (剥がれやすい) means 'easily peeled off'.
This reading (零れやすい) means 'easily spilled'.
4. この薬にはウイルスの<u>繁殖</u>を抑える効果がある。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct reading for 繁殖 is はんしょく (hanshoku), meaning 'breeding, propagation, reproduction'. The sentence means 'This medicine has the effect of suppressing virus reproduction.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
5. サイトの<u>履歴</u>は残っていなかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct reading for 履歴 is りれき (rireki), meaning 'personal history, record, resume'. The sentence means 'The site's history was not left.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
6. 夕日に赤く<u>映える</u>山を写真に収めた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct reading for 映える is はえる (haeru), meaning 'to shine, to look attractive, to be set off'. The sentence means 'I captured a photo of the mountain shining red in the evening sun.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This reading (聳える) means 'to tower/rise high'.
This reading (燃える) means 'to burn' or (萌える) 'to bud/sprout'.
This reading (冴える) means 'to be clear/bright/sharp'.
問題 2( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びな さい。
7. ガスが漏れると、( )が感知して警報が鳴る。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
センサー (sensor) is the correct word. The sentence means 'If gas leaks, a sensor will detect it and an alarm will sound.'
Why other options are incorrect:
レーダー (radar) is used for detecting objects or speed, not gas leaks.
モーター (motor) is an engine or machine, unrelated to detection.
レバー (lever) is a handle or control, unrelated to detection.
8. 彼はロケットを作って宇宙へ飛ばしたいという( )夢を実現した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
壮大な (sōdai na) means 'magnificent, grand, epic'. It fits the context of a grand dream like building a rocket and flying to space.
Why other options are incorrect:
絶大な (zetsudai na) means 'tremendous, immense', often used for power or influence, not typically for dreams.
盛大な (seidai na) means 'grand, prosperous, magnificent', often used for events or ceremonies.
雄大な (yūdai na) means 'grand, majestic, magnificent', often used for nature or scenery, less commonly for abstract dreams.
9. その優しいメロディーは私の耳に( )響き、眠りに誘ってくれた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ここちよく (kokochiyoku) means 'comfortably, pleasantly'. It describes how the gentle melody resonated and invited sleep.
Why other options are incorrect:
いさぎよく (isagiyoku) means 'bravely, nobly, gracefully', used for actions, not feelings or sounds.
喜ばしく (yorokobashiku) means 'joyfully, delightfully', but it's an adjective (喜ばしい) and doesn't fit the adverbial context here.
輝かしく (kagayakashiku) means 'brilliantly, gloriously', used for achievements or appearance, not for how a sound resonates.
10. 兄は科学者として遺伝子の研究に( )している。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
従事 (jūji) means 'to engage in, to be employed in'. It correctly describes being involved in research as a scientist.
Why other options are incorrect:
勤務 (kinmu) means 'service, duty, work', typically refers to working at a company or organization.
在籍 (zaiseki) means 'enrollment, being on the register', refers to being registered at a school or company.
就労 (shūrō) means 'employment, working', a more general term for starting or engaging in work.
11. 葉書が届いたが、雨でインクが少し( )、読みにくかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
にじんで (nijinde) means 'to blur, to run (ink), to smudge'. This perfectly describes ink blurring due to rain, making it hard to read.
Why other options are incorrect:
暴れて (abarete) means 'to act violently, to rage', not applicable to ink.
震えて (furuete) means 'to tremble, to shake', not applicable to ink.
ゆがんで (yugande) means 'to warp, to distort', refers to shape, not ink spreading.
12. 子どもにとってプレッシャーになるので、将来に過度の期待をするのは ( )だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
禁物 (kinmotsu) means 'taboo, forbidden thing, something to be avoided'. It fits the context that excessive expectations are something to be avoided because they become pressure for children.
Why other options are incorrect:
不当 (futō) means 'unjust, improper, unfair'. While expectations might be unfair, '禁物' is a stronger and more direct fit for 'something to be avoided'.
無効 (mukō) means 'invalid, null and void'. This is not applicable to expectations.
偏見 (henken) means 'prejudice, bias'. This is not applicable to expectations.
13. 社長になり、トップに立つ者の責任の重さを( )感じている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ひしひしと (hishihishi to) is an adverb meaning 'acutely, keenly, severely'. It describes feeling the weight of responsibility deeply and intensely.
Why other options are incorrect:
はらはらと (harahara to) describes something falling lightly (e.g., leaves) or feeling nervous/anxious.
びくびくと (bikubiku to) describes trembling with fear or being timid.
どきどきと (dokidoki to) describes a pounding heart, usually from excitement or nervousness.
問題 3 の言葉に意味が最も近いものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びな さい。
14. A 社の<u>コンパクトな</u>車がよく売れている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word コンパクトな (kompakuto na) means 'compact'. The closest meaning is 小型の (kogata no) which means 'small-sized'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This option means 'new model', which is not the same as 'compact'.
This option means 'family-oriented', which is not the same as 'compact'.
This option means 'youth-oriented', which is not the same as 'compact'.
15. 無駄な経費は<u>極力</u>減らそう。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word 極力 (kyokuryoku) means 'as much as possible, to the utmost of one's power'. The closest meaning is できるだけ (dekiru dake) which means 'as much as possible'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This option means 'drastically, significantly', which is not the same as 'as much as possible'.
This option means 'all at once, in one go', which is not the same as 'as much as possible'.
This option means 'resolutely, boldly', which is not the same as 'as much as possible'.
16. 彼は「あ、忘れてた」と<u>つぶやく</u>と、その場を去って行った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word つぶやく (tsubuyaku) means 'to mutter, to murmur, to tweet'. The closest meaning is 小さな声で言う (chiisana koe de iu) which means 'to say in a small voice'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This option means 'to say slowly', which is not the same as 'to mutter'.
This option means 'to say in a loud voice', which is the opposite of 'to mutter'.
This option means 'to say quickly', which is not the same as 'to mutter'.
17. 目撃者の証言には<u>不審な</u>点があった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word 不審な (fushin na) means 'dubious, suspicious, questionable'. The closest meaning is 怪しい (ayashii) which means 'suspicious, dubious'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This option means 'random, nonsensical, irresponsible', which is not the same as 'suspicious'.
This option means 'unreliable, helpless', which is not the same as 'suspicious'.
This option means 'vague, ambiguous', which is not the same as 'suspicious'.
18. 何時間もグラウンドで練習していたので、<u>ばてて</u>しまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word ばてて (batete) means 'to be exhausted, to be worn out'. The closest meaning is 疲れて (tsukarete) which means 'to be tired'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This option means 'to be bored of', which is not the same as 'to be exhausted'.
This option means 'to be thirsty', which is not the same as 'to be exhausted'.
This option means 'to be hungry', which is not the same as 'to be exhausted'.
19. どんな厳しい状況でも任務を<u>まっとうする</u>覚悟がある。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word まっとうする (mattō suru) means 'to accomplish, to fulfill, to complete'. The closest meaning is 完了する (kanryō suru) which means 'to complete'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This option means 'to continue', which is not the same as 'to complete'.
This option means 'to execute, to carry out', which is not the same as 'to complete'.
This option means 'to be in charge of', which is not the same as 'to complete'.
問題 4 次の言葉の使い方として最もよいものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びな さい。
20. <u>簡素</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
Option 3 uses 簡素 (kanso) correctly to describe a simple, plain taste of food, which is a common usage. The other options misuse the word.
Why other options are incorrect:
簡素 is not typically used to describe a simple game in terms of complexity, but rather simplicity in design or lifestyle.
簡素 does not describe a change in personality from stubborn to simple. Perhaps '素直 (sunao: obedient, docile)' or '穏やか (odayaka: calm)' would fit.
簡素 can be used for procedures becoming simpler, but the most natural phrasing would be '簡略化 (kanryakuka: simplification)' or '簡単 (kantan: simple)'.
21. <u>解明</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
Option 3 uses 解明 (kaimei) correctly to mean 'clarifying' or 'elucidating' the mechanism of cancer, which leads to drug development. This is a typical usage for scientific or complex phenomena.
Why other options are incorrect:
解明策 is not a natural collocation. '解決策 (kaiketsusaku: solution)' would be more appropriate.
解明 is not used for 'clarifying' income in the sense of proving it. '証明 (shōmei: proof)' or '申告 (shinkoku: declaration)' would be more appropriate.
解明 is too strong for 'exposing' or 'revealing' a scandal. '暴露 (bakuro: exposure)' or '明らかにする (akiraka ni suru: to make clear)' would be more fitting.
22. <u>ほほえましい </u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
Option 2 uses ほほえましい correctly to describe a heartwarming sight of young siblings playing together, which naturally brings a smile to one's face.
Why other options are incorrect:
ほほえましい is not typically used for news of discharge. '喜ばしい (yorokobashii: joyful)' or '嬉しい (ureshii: happy)' would be more appropriate.
ほほえましい is not used for achievements. '輝かしい (kagayakashii: brilliant)' or '素晴らしい (subarashii: wonderful)' would be more appropriate.
ほほえましい is not used to describe something one finds pleasant for oneself. '心地よい (kokochiyoi: comfortable)' or '癒される (iyasareru: to be healed/relaxed)' would be more appropriate.
23. <u>目安 </u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
Option 1 uses 目安 correctly to mean 'a target' or 'a guide' for walking 6 km a day for health. This is a common usage for setting a standard or goal.
Why other options are incorrect:
目安 is not used for a physical landmark like a signboard. '目印 (mejirushi: landmark, sign)' would be more appropriate.
目安 is not used for a clue like an old address. '手がかり (tegakari: clue)' or '頼り (tayori: reliance)' would be more appropriate.
目安 is not used for a model to imitate. '手本 (tehon: model, example)' would be more appropriate.
24. <u>様相 </u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
Option 3 uses 様相 correctly to describe how major incidents and accidents reflect the 'aspect' or 'state of affairs' of society at that time. This is a common usage for describing the general appearance or condition of something complex like society.
Why other options are incorrect:
様相 is not used for a symptom or sign of recovery. '気配 (kehai: sign, indication)' or '兆候 (chōkō: symptom, sign)' would be more appropriate.
様相 is not used for the process of growth. '様子 (yōsu: state, appearance)' or '過程 (katei: process)' would be more appropriate.
様相 is too formal or broad for 'atmosphere' or 'conditions' of a workplace. '雰囲気 (fun'iki: atmosphere)' or '実態 (jittai: actual state)' would be more appropriate.
25. <u>交える </u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
Option 2 uses 交える correctly to mean 'mixing' or 'exchanging' jokes, creating a harmonious atmosphere. This is a common usage for mixing different elements like words or actions.
Why other options are incorrect:
交える is not used for 'including' a period of time in a calculation. '含める (fukumeru: to include)' would be more appropriate.
心を交える is not a natural expression for knitting with care. '心を込めて (kokoro o komete: wholeheartedly)' would be more appropriate.
メッセージを交える is not used for 'attaching' a message. '添える (soeru: to add, to attach)' would be more appropriate.
問題 5 次の文の( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1、2、3、4 から一つ 選びなさい。
26. 優勝( )逃したが、石川選手は今大会で自己べストを更新する好成績 を収めた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
こそ (koso) is used here to emphasize the preceding word, '優勝 (yūshō: championship)'. '優勝こそ逃したが' means 'Although he missed the championship itself (emphasizing the championship), Ishikawa player achieved a good result by updating his personal best in this tournament.'
Why other options are incorrect:
さえ (sae) means 'even' or 'if only', which doesn't fit the emphasis of 'missing the championship itself'.
ほど (hodo) means 'degree, extent' or 'about', which doesn't fit the emphasis here.
ばかり (bakari) means 'only, just' or 'just finished', which doesn't fit the context of emphasis on missing the championship.
27. 今度の正月休みには、留学している息子も帰ってくる( )、久しぶり に家族旅行にでも行こうかと思っています。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ことだから (koto dakara) is used to express that something is expected or natural given the preceding situation or person. '息子も帰ってくることだから' means 'Since my son who is studying abroad is also coming back (it's a special occasion), I'm thinking of going on a family trip for the first time in a while.'
Why other options are incorrect:
ことだが (koto daga) means 'although it is the case that...', which implies a contrast or concession, not a reason for an action.
ことでも (koto demo) means 'even something like...', which doesn't fit the context of a reason for a family trip.
こととはいえ (koto to wa ie) means 'although it is the case that...', similar to ことだが, implying a concession.
28. 兄が会社の採用面接試験から帰ってきた。表情が明るいところを見ると、 ( )うまくいったようだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
どうやら (dōyara) is an adverb meaning 'it seems, apparently, somehow'. It indicates a strong likelihood based on observation. '表情が明るいところを見ると、どうやらうまくいったようだ' means 'Seeing his bright expression, it seems he somehow succeeded.'
Why other options are incorrect:
仮に (kari ni) means 'provisionally, supposing, if', used for hypothetical situations.
まさか (masaka) means 'by no means, impossible', used for unexpected or unbelievable situations.
必ずしも (kanarazushimo) means 'not necessarily', used with negative expressions.
29. このレストランは、料理はおいしいのだが、皿が安っぽい。もう少し良い ものを使えない( )と思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ものか (mono ka) is a rhetorical expression used to strongly deny something or express a strong negative feeling, often implying 'there's no way...'. 'もう少し良いものを使えないものかと思う' means 'I wonder if they can't use something a bit better (implying they really should use something better).'
Why other options are incorrect:
ものの (mono no) means 'although, but', used to express a concession.
ものだ (mono da) expresses a general tendency, strong feeling, or advice.
ものを (mono o) expresses regret or dissatisfaction, implying 'if only...'. It doesn't fit the nuance of a strong suggestion/criticism.
30. 先生:「木村くん、このレポート読んだよ。うまくまとめられなかったって 言ってたけど、けっこうよく( )。」 木村:「ありがとうごさいます。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
書けてるじゃない (kaketeru janai) is a casual expression meaning 'You've written it quite well, haven't you?' or 'It's actually quite well written!'. The teacher is expressing surprise and positive affirmation, contradicting Kimura's initial statement.
Why other options are incorrect:
書けてなきゃ (kaketenakya) is a contraction of 書けていなければ (kakete inakereba), meaning 'if it's not written', which doesn't fit the context of positive feedback.
書けてたらいいね (kaketetara ii ne) means 'It would be good if you had written it well', which is a wish, not an observation.
書けてるかどうかだね (kaketeru ka dō ka da ne) means 'It's a matter of whether it's written well or not', which is a neutral observation, not a compliment.
31. 駅前のうどん屋「やまむら」は、最近テレビで紹介された( )、毎日 店の前に長い行列ができている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
とかで (toka de) is a casual way to express a reason or source of information, often implying 'I heard that...' or 'because of something like...'. '最近テレビで紹介されたとかで' means 'I heard it was recently featured on TV, and because of that...'.
Why other options are incorrect:
とかなら (toka nara) means 'if it's something like...', used for hypothetical conditions.
というのが (to iu no ga) means 'the fact that...', used to introduce a reason or explanation.
というのも (to iu no mo) means 'the reason is that...', used to provide a reason for a previous statement.
32. 今回の事故について社長が会見を行ったが、あれでは何の説明( )、 わが社の信用が失われるだけだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
にもなっておらず (ni mo natte orazu) means 'not even becoming/serving as...'. The phrase '何の説明にもなっておらず' means 'it didn't even serve as any explanation'. This emphasizes the complete lack of explanation.
Why other options are incorrect:
になっておらず (ni natte orazu) means 'not becoming/serving as...', but the particle 'も' is crucial here for emphasis ('not even').
になっているのではなく (ni natte iru no de wa naku) means 'it's not that it has become...', which is a different grammatical structure and nuance.
にもなっているのではなく (ni mo natte iru no de wa naku) combines 'not even' with 'it's not that it has become...', making it grammatically awkward in this context.
33. 小林:「ねえ、今日のダンスの練習、山口さんも来るんだよね?」 森: 「どうだろう。あの人、来るって言ってても、( )だから……。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
来たり来なかったり (kitari konakattari) is a grammar pattern (V-たり V-なかったりする) meaning 'sometimes V, sometimes not V' or 'doing V on and off'. It perfectly describes someone who is unreliable about showing up.
Why other options are incorrect:
来ても来なくても (kitemo konakutemo) means 'whether they come or not', which expresses indifference to the outcome, not a pattern of behavior.
来るか来ないか (kuru ka konai ka) means 'whether they will come or not', expressing uncertainty, but not the repeated pattern.
来るのも来ないのも (kuru no mo konai no mo) means 'both coming and not coming', which is grammatically awkward and doesn't convey the intended meaning of inconsistency.
34. 昨日大学で声をかけられたサークルの勧誘には困った。強引に話を進めら れて、危うく入会( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
させられるところだった (saserareru tokoro datta) means 'I was almost made to do something' or 'I almost ended up doing something (against my will)'. '危うく入会させられるところだった' means 'I was almost forced to join (the club)'. This expresses a near-miss of an undesirable situation.
Why other options are incorrect:
されようがなかった (sareyou ga nakatta) means 'there was no way to do it', which doesn't fit the context of being almost forced.
させなかったのかと思った (sasenakatta no ka to omotta) means 'I thought I didn't make them do it', which is grammatically incorrect and doesn't fit the context.
しなかったことにした (shinakatta koto ni shita) means 'I decided to pretend I didn't do it', which is a different meaning.
35. 高橋:「林さん、ギター教室探してるって聞いたけど、見つかった?」 林 :「いえ、まだなんです。」 高橋:「よかったら、私が通ってるギター教室、見学してみない?見学したからって、( )し、どう?」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
入らなきゃいけないってわけじゃない (hairanakya ikenai tte wake janai) means 'it doesn't mean you have to join'. This is a common phrase to reassure someone that there's no obligation after an experience like a trial or visit.
Why other options are incorrect:
入りたがるだけじゃない (iritagaru dake janai) means 'it's not just that you want to join', which doesn't fit the context of reassurance.
入らせないわけにはいかない (irasenai wake ni wa ikanai) means 'I can't not let you join', implying an obligation to let them join, which is the opposite of the intended meaning.
入りたくないだけかもしれない (iritakunai dake kamoshirenai) means 'it might just be that you don't want to join', which is a speculation about the other person's feelings, not a reassurance.
問題 6 次の文の ★ に入る最もよいものを、1、2、3、4 から一つ選びな さい。
36. X 医院は、患者を ___ ___ _★_ ___ 近々予約制を導入す るらしい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: 'X 医院は、患者を待たせることなく診察できるように、近々予約制を導入するらしい。'. The part that goes into ★ is '診察できる'. This means 'X Clinic seems to be introducing a reservation system soon so that they can examine patients without making them wait.' The grammar point is '〜ことなく (koto naku): without doing something' and '〜ように (yō ni): in order to, so that'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
37. 昨日、友人から野菜ジュースをたくさんもらった。一人暮らしだとインス タント食品ばかり食べてしまって ___ ___ _★_ ___ ありがたい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '一人暮らしだとインスタント食品ばかり食べてしまって野菜不足になりがちなだけにありがたい。'. The part that goes into ★ is 'がちな'. This means 'It's especially thankful because living alone, I tend to eat only instant food and become deficient in vegetables.' The grammar point is '〜がち (gachi): tends to, prone to (often negative tendency)' and '〜だけに (dake ni): precisely because, all the more reason why'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
38. (ホームぺージーで) Q:洗剤をたくさん使ったほうが、洗濯物がきれいになりますか。 A:洗濯物を ___ ___ _★_ ___ 悪臭の原因にもなります。適量を守りましょう。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: 'きれいに洗うには洗剤をたくさん入れればいいかといえば、そうではなく、逆にすすぎ切れなかったりして悪臭の原因にもなります。'. The part that goes into ★ is 'そうではなく'. This means 'If you ask if it's good to put a lot of detergent to wash cleanly, that's not the case. On the contrary, it might not rinse completely and can cause bad odors.' The grammar point is '〜かといえば、そうではない (ka to ieba, sō de wa nai): if you ask if it's X, that's not the case' and '逆に (gyaku ni): on the contrary'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
39. この町には、大正初期に建てられた洋館があるらしい。前々から ___ _★_ ___ ___ 帰ることはできない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '前々から近代建築に興味がある私としては、それを知ったからにはその洋館を見ずに帰ることはできない。'. The part that goes into ★ is '私としては'. This means 'As someone who has been interested in modern architecture for a long time, now that I know about it, I can't go home without seeing that building.' The grammar point is '〜としては (toshite wa): as for (someone/something), from the standpoint of' and '〜からには (kara ni wa): now that, since (implies a strong resolve).'
Why other options are incorrect:
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
40. 私は、___ _★_ ___ ___ と思い、校内に畑を作って生 徒たちに野菜を育てさせることを校長に提案した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '私は、育てた野菜を収穫して食べるということが農業を身近なものとして考えるきっかけになればと思い、校内に畑を作って生徒たちに野菜を育てさせることを校長に提案した。'. The part that goes into ★ is '食べるということが'. This means 'I proposed to the principal that we create a field on school grounds and have students grow vegetables, hoping that harvesting and eating the vegetables they grew would become an opportunity for them to think of agriculture as something familiar.' The grammar point is '〜ということが (to iu koto ga): the fact that, the act of' and '〜きっかけになれば (kikkake ni nareba): if it becomes an opportunity'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
This option does not fit grammatically or semantically into the sentence to form a natural and correct expression.
問題 7 次の文章を読んで、文章全体の内容を考えて、41 から 45 の中に入る 最もよいものを、1、2、3、4 から一つ選びなさい。
Reading Passage
この世を生き抜く上で知っておくべき言葉がある。
まず一つは、「人間は謎」だということ。
人は自分ではなんでもわかっているつもりでも、本当は自分自身のことをよく理解できていないものだ。 自分で自分のことを理解できていないのに、どうして他人のことを理解できるのか。これが、 【41】 一つ。
それからもう一つは「人間は月のような存在だ」ということ。自分が他人に見せている「自分」は、相手に応じて見せる「光り輝いている部分」であって、ほかのところに行けば、また【42】顔をする。上司の前で は部下の顔をするし、お得意様(注1)の前に行けばそれなりの顔をする。自分だけじゃない、みんなが千変 万化する(注2) ものであり、人は他人に対して、基本的には常に自分の明るい部分を見せているということだ。
他人には満月を見せていて、人という光に当たって誰もが輝いて見えているが、その裏側は黒く、暗いものだ。その暗いものを自分が持っているということを最初からわかって、【43】トその人はもう、すぐにでも心が平和になるだろう。
そうすれば、「あの人は信じられる」とか「信じられない」とか、「裏切られた」という思いもなくなる。人間社会という宇宙の上に回っていて、その人間が裏側を見せている場合もあるのも仕方のないことで、人間関 係というのは引力、とかいろんなことが関係してくるということも【44】
だからこそ「人間は謎」であり、たまには元気がなくなったりして、三日月になったりするけど、いつも光って見える。 【45】裏側に、真っ暗で人に見せたくない部分を誰もが持っていて、そのすべての面を見ることは誰にもできない。。
見えている部分の裏側にある面の存在を認識できていれば、変に気持ちが揺さぶられることもなくなるのだ。
(注1)お得意様:ここでは、取引先
(注2) 千変万化する:さまざまに変化する
English Summary & Annotations
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問題 7 次の文章を読んで、文章全体の内容を考えて、41 から 45 の中に入る 最もよいものを、1、2、3、4 から一つ選びなさい。
【41】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The passage introduces two main points. The first point is '人間は謎 (human is a mystery)'. The sentence 'これが、 【41】 一つ。' means 'This is the first point.' Therefore, 'まず' (firstly) is the correct fit.
Why other options are incorrect:
あと (ato) means 'after' or 'later', which doesn't fit the context of introducing the first point.
また (mata) means 'again' or 'also', which would imply a repetition or addition, not the initial point.
もう (mō) means 'already' or 'another', which doesn't fit the context of introducing the first point.
【42】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The passage states that the 'self' shown to others is the 'shining part', and then says 'ほかのところに行けば、また【42】顔をする。' meaning 'if you go to another place, you show a different face.' Therefore, '別の' (another/different) is the correct fit.
Why other options are incorrect:
同じ (onaji) means 'same', which contradicts the idea of showing different faces in different situations.
そんな (sonna) means 'such', which doesn't fit grammatically or semantically here.
あのときの (ano toki no) means 'at that time's', which is too specific and doesn't fit the general statement.
【43】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence is 'その暗いものを自分が持っているということを最初からわかって、【43】トその人はもう、すぐにでも心が平和になるだろう。' The structure '〜て、〜ば' or '〜て、〜と' is common for cause-effect. 'わかっていれば' (if one understands) creates a conditional statement: 'If one understands from the beginning that they possess that dark side, then that person's heart will immediately become peaceful.'
Why other options are incorrect:
いて (ite) is the te-form of いる (iru), which doesn't create the conditional meaning needed here.
いるため (iru tame) means 'because one is', which implies a reason, but the sentence structure requires a conditional or consequential link.
いたとしても (ita to shitemo) means 'even if one is', which implies a concession, not a direct condition for peace of mind.
【44】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence is '人間関係というのは引力、とかいろんなことが関係してくるということも【44】'. The context is about understanding the complexities of human relationships. 'わかってくるはずだ' (should come to understand) implies that one should naturally come to understand this fact.
Why other options are incorrect:
わかっていた (wakatte ita) means 'had understood', which is past tense and doesn't fit the ongoing realization.
わかってきたのか (wakatte kita no ka) means 'has one come to understand?', which is a question and doesn't fit the declarative statement.
わかっているらしい (wakatte iru rashii) means 'seems to understand', which is an assumption, not a statement of what should be understood.
【45】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence before talks about humans being a mystery and sometimes becoming a crescent moon but always appearing to shine. The sentence after talks about everyone having a dark side that they don't want to show. 'しかしその一方で' (however, on the other hand) provides the necessary contrast between the visible shining part and the hidden dark side.
Why other options are incorrect:
そうしたからといって (sō shita kara to itte) means 'just because one did that, it doesn't mean...', which doesn't fit the contrasting flow.
例えばこのように (tatoeba kono yō ni) means 'for example, in this way', which introduces an example, not a contrast.
どちらかというとむしろ (dochira ka to iu to mushiro) means 'if anything, rather', which is used for expressing a preference or a more accurate description, not a direct contrast of two aspects.