2011/12 JLPT N2 Letters and Vocabulary,Grammar test
問題1___の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、1. 2. 3. 4から一つ選びなさい。
1. この大学は<u>地元</u>の学生が多い
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
地元 (じもと) means 'local area' or 'hometown'. The correct reading is じもと. The sentence means 'This university has many local students.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 地元.
This is an incorrect reading for 地元.
This is an incorrect reading for 地元. じけん (事件) means 'incident' or 'case'.
2. 両国経済的に<u>密接</u>な関係にある
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
密接 (みっせつ) means 'close' or 'intimate'. The correct reading is みっせつ. The sentence means 'Both countries have a close economic relationship.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 密接.
This is an incorrect reading for 密接.
This is an incorrect reading for 密接.
3. 野菜にはビタミンが<u>豊富</u>に含まれている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
豊富 (ほうふ) means 'abundant' or 'rich'. The correct reading is ほうふ. The sentence means 'Vegetables contain abundant vitamins.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 豊富.
This is an incorrect reading for 豊富.
This is an incorrect reading for 豊富.
4. 実力が足りないところは、努力で<u>補いたい</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
補いたい (おぎないたい) is the -tai form of 補う (おぎなう), meaning 'to compensate for' or 'to supplement'. The correct reading is おぎないたい. The sentence means 'I want to compensate for my lack of ability with effort.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the -tai form of 養う (やしなう), meaning 'to cultivate' or 'to support'.
This is the -tai form of 救う (すくう), meaning 'to save' or 'to rescue'.
This is the -tai form of 庇う (かばう), meaning 'to protect' or 'to shield'.
5. みなさんの<u>率直</u>な考えを聞かせてください
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
率直 (そっちょく) means 'frank' or 'candid'. The correct reading is そっちょく. The sentence means 'Please let me hear your frank opinions.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 率直.
This is an incorrect reading for 率直.
This is an incorrect reading for 率直.
問題2___の言葉を漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを1. 2. 3. 4からひとつ選びなさい。
6. 彼女の生き方は多くの人に感動を<u>あたえた</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
与える (あたえる) means 'to give' or 'to provide'. In this context, it means 'to give inspiration/impression'. The sentence means 'Her way of life inspired many people.'
Why other options are incorrect:
授ける (さずける) means 'to grant' or 'to bestow', often used for something given from a superior to an inferior, or for knowledge/skills.
贈る (おくる) means 'to give as a gift' or 'to present'. This kanji is not typically used with 感動 (kandou: impression/inspiration).
供える (そなえる) means 'to offer' or 'to make an offering', typically to gods or ancestors.
7. この公園は市が<u>かんり</u>している
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
管理 (かんり) means 'management' or 'control'. The sentence means 'This park is managed by the city.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This kanji combination is incorrect for the meaning of 'management'.
This kanji combination is incorrect for the meaning of 'management'.
This kanji combination is incorrect for the meaning of 'management'.
8. この国は<u>ふくし</u>が充実している
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
福祉 (ふくし) means 'welfare'. The sentence means 'This country has comprehensive welfare.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This kanji combination is incorrect for 'welfare'.
This kanji combination is incorrect for 'welfare'.
副詞 (ふくし) means 'adverb' in grammar.
9. テレビで外国語教育についての<u>とうろん</u>が行われた
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
討論 (とうろん) means 'debate' or 'discussion'. The sentence means 'A debate about foreign language education was held on TV.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This kanji combination is incorrect for 'debate'.
This kanji combination is incorrect for 'debate'.
This kanji combination is incorrect for 'debate'.
10. この二つの会社は、同じ企業グループに<u>ぞくして</u>いる
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
属する (ぞくする) means 'to belong to' or 'to be affiliated with'. The correct kanji is 属. The sentence means 'These two companies belong to the same corporate group.'
Why other options are incorrect:
続く (つづく) means 'to continue'. This kanji is incorrect in this context.
族 (ぞく) means 'tribe' or 'family'. This kanji is incorrect in this context.
束 (たば) means 'bundle' or 'bunch'. This kanji is incorrect in this context.
問題 3( )に入れるのに最もよいもの、1. 2. 3. 4からひとつ選びなさい。
11. あの小説家は数々の文学( )を獲得している
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
文学賞 (ぶんがくしょう) means 'literary prize/award'. The sentence means 'That novelist has won numerous literary awards.' 賞 (しょう) is the correct kanji for 'prize' or 'award'.
Why other options are incorrect:
位 (い) means 'rank' or 'position'.
号 (ごう) means 'number' or 'issue' (e.g., magazine issue).
段 (だん) means 'step' or 'grade'.
12. 今回は( )条件がいくつも重ねってしまって、大変だった
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
悪条件 (あくじょうけん) means 'unfavorable conditions'. The sentence means 'This time, several unfavorable conditions overlapped, making it very difficult.' 悪 (あく) is the correct kanji for 'bad' or 'unfavorable'.
Why other options are incorrect:
苦 (く) means 'suffering' or 'pain'. It doesn't form a common compound with 条件 in this context.
損 (そん) means 'loss' or 'damage'. It doesn't form a common compound with 条件 in this context.
劣 (れつ) means 'inferiority' or 'poor'. It doesn't form a common compound with 条件 in this context.
13. クリーム( )になるまで、バターと砂糖をよく混ぜてください
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
クリーム状 (クリームじょう) means 'cream-like consistency'. The sentence means 'Please mix the butter and sugar well until it becomes cream-like.' 状 (じょう) means 'state' or 'condition'.
Why other options are incorrect:
流 (りゅう) means 'flow' or 'style'.
似 (じ) means 'resemble' or 'similar'.
態 (たい) means 'attitude' or 'state', but not in this compound.
14. 父は一日( )にジョギングをしている
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
一日おき (いちにちおき) means 'every other day'. The sentence means 'My father jogs every other day.' おき is the correct word for 'every other'.
Why other options are incorrect:
かけ (掛け) can mean 'half-done' or 'on the verge of', but not in this context.
あき (空き) means 'empty' or 'vacant'.
ぬけ (抜け) means 'omission' or 'missing part'.
15.( )シーズンは、あの選手の活躍が楽しみだ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
来シーズン (らいシーズン) means 'next season'. The sentence means 'I'm looking forward to that player's performance next season.' 来 (らい) means 'next'.
Why other options are incorrect:
明 (めい/みょう) means 'bright' or 'next', but 来 (らい) is the standard kanji for 'next' in this context (e.g., 来年, 来月).
迎 (げい) means 'welcome' or 'meet'.
越 (えつ) means 'cross over' or 'surpass'.
問題 4( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1. 2. 3. 4からひとつ選びなさい。
16. ストレスを( )するために、何かしていますか
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ストレスを解消する (ストレスをかいしょうする) means 'to relieve stress'. 解消 (かいしょう) means 'resolution' or 'dissolution'. The sentence means 'Are you doing anything to relieve stress?'
Why other options are incorrect:
削除 (さくじょ) means 'deletion' or 'removal'.
減量 (げんりょう) means 'weight loss' or 'reduction in quantity'.
停止 (ていし) means 'stop' or 'suspension'.
17. 生活習慣を( )してから、ほとんど病気をしなくなりました
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
生活習慣を改善する (せいかつしゅうかんをかいぜんする) means 'to improve one's lifestyle habits'. 改善 (かいぜん) means 'improvement'. The sentence means 'Since I improved my lifestyle habits, I hardly get sick anymore.'
Why other options are incorrect:
訂正 (ていせい) means 'correction' or 'amendment', typically for errors.
変換 (へんかん) means 'conversion' or 'transformation'.
整備 (せいび) means 'maintenance' or 'preparation', often for equipment or systems.
18. 申し込みの締め切りは明日に( )いる
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
迫る (せまる) means 'to approach' or 'to draw near'. 締め切りが迫っている (しめきりがせまっている) means 'the deadline is approaching'. The sentence means 'The application deadline is approaching tomorrow.'
Why other options are incorrect:
限る (かぎる) means 'to limit' or 'to restrict'.
寄る (よる) means 'to approach' or 'to drop by', but not typically used for deadlines.
至る (いたる) means 'to reach' or 'to arrive at', often used for a destination or a state.
19. 日曜だから込んでいるかと思ったけど、( )すいているね
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
わりと means 'relatively' or 'comparatively'. It indicates that something is more or less than expected. The sentence means 'I thought it would be crowded because it's Sunday, but it's relatively empty.'
Why other options are incorrect:
たいして (大して) means 'not so much' or 'not particularly', usually used with a negative verb (e.g., 大して面白くない: not very interesting).
どうりで means 'no wonder' or 'it's no surprise'.
よけい (余計) means 'unnecessary' or 'extra'.
20. 組織のトップに立つ人間は、広い( )を持つことが必要だ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
広い視野 (ひろいしや) means 'broad perspective' or 'wide view'. 視野 (しや) refers to one's range of vision or perspective, especially in a metaphorical sense. The sentence means 'It is necessary for a person at the top of an organization to have a broad perspective.'
Why other options are incorrect:
視界 (しかい) means 'field of vision' or 'visibility', typically in a literal sense (e.g., 視界が悪い: poor visibility).
視線 (しせん) means 'gaze' or 'line of sight'.
視察 (しさつ) means 'inspection' or 'observation', often for official purposes.
21. シャワーを浴びたら、体も気分も( )した
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
さっぱりする means 'to feel refreshed' or 'to feel clean'. It describes a feeling of freshness or cleanliness. The sentence means 'After taking a shower, both my body and mind felt refreshed.'
Why other options are incorrect:
さらさら describes a rustling sound, a smooth texture (e.g., silky hair), or flowing water.
きらきら describes something sparkling or glittering.
きっぱり means 'clearly', 'flatly', or 'decisively' (e.g., きっぱり断る: to flatly refuse).
22. この携帯電話には、いろいろな( )がついている
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
機能 (きのう) means 'function' or 'feature'. It refers to the capabilities of a device. The sentence means 'This mobile phone has various functions/features.'
Why other options are incorrect:
効用 (こうよう) means 'effect' or 'utility', often referring to the benefit of something.
才能 (さいのう) means 'talent' or 'ability', referring to human capability.
効力 (こうりょく) means 'efficacy' or 'validity', often used for laws or contracts.
問題5___の言葉に意味が最も近いものを、1. 2. 3. 4から一つ選びなさい。
23. 眞夏の屋外でずっと仕事をしたら、<u>くたくたになった</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
くたくたになる means 'to be exhausted' or 'to be worn out'. ひどく疲れた (ひどくつかれた) means 'to be extremely tired'. Both express a state of severe fatigue.
Why other options are incorrect:
のどがかわいた (喉が渇いた) means 'got thirsty'.
お腹が空いた (おなかがすいた) means 'got hungry'.
汗をかいた (あせをかいた) means 'sweated'.
24. この10年で、この鳥の自然環境<u>わずかに</u>変化した
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
わずかに means 'slightly' or 'a little'. 少し (すこし) also means 'a little' or 'a small amount'. Both indicate a minor degree of change.
Why other options are incorrect:
急に (きゅうに) means 'suddenly' or 'abruptly'.
ゆっくり means 'slowly' or 'leisurely'.
大きく (おおきく) means 'greatly' or 'significantly'.
25. 田中さんは子供のころから<u>優秀</u>だったらしい
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
優秀 (ゆうしゅう) means 'excellent' or 'superior', especially in terms of ability or performance. あたまがよかった (頭が良かった) means 'was smart' or 'was intelligent'. Both describe someone who is intellectually capable.
Why other options are incorrect:
体が丈夫だった (からだがじょうぶだった) means 'was physically strong'.
話がおもしろかった (はなしがおもしろかった) means 'was interesting to talk to' or 'had interesting stories'.
人気があった (にんきがあった) means 'was popular'.
26. 鈴木さんは恥ずかしそうに<u>うつむいていた</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
うつむく means 'to look down' or 'to cast one's eyes down'. 下を向く (したをむく) means 'to look downwards'. Both describe the action of lowering one's head or gaze.
Why other options are incorrect:
横を向いて (よこをむいて) means 'looked sideways'.
頭をかいて (あたまをかいて) means 'scratched one's head'.
鼻をかいて (はなをかいて) means 'blew one's nose'.
27. 学生の時代の友人が<u>いきなり</u>訪ねてきた
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
いきなり means 'suddenly' or 'all of a sudden'. とつぜん (突然) also means 'suddenly' or 'unexpectedly'. Both convey the idea of something happening without warning.
Why other options are incorrect:
つぎつぎ (次々) means 'one after another' or 'in succession'.
やっと means 'at last' or 'finally'.
いちどに (一度に) means 'all at once' or 'simultaneously'.
問題6 次の言葉の使い方として最もよいものを、1. 2. 3. 4から一つ選びなさい。
28. 世間
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
世間 (せけん) refers to 'the world', 'society', or 'public opinion'. The correct usage is 'その事件は世間の注目を集めた' (That incident gathered public attention), where 世間 refers to the general public or society.
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect. For 'animal world', 世界 (せかい) is used, not 世間.
Incorrect. For 'better society', 社会 (しゃかい) is used, not 世間.
Incorrect. For 'world of mathematics' or 'mathematics community', 数学の世界 (すうがくのせかい) or 数学界 (すうがくかい) would be used, not 世間.
29. 違反
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
違反 (いはん) means 'violation' or 'breach'. It is correctly used with rules, laws, or regulations. The sentence means 'There are 3 players who were sent off for violating the rules.'
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect. 親に反抗する (おやにはんこうする) 'to rebel against parents' is the correct expression.
Incorrect. 意見に反対する (いけんに反対する) 'to oppose an opinion' is the correct expression.
Incorrect. 予想に反して (よそうにはんして) 'contrary to expectations' is the correct expression.
30. 質素
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
質素 (しっそ) means 'simple', 'plain', or 'frugal'. It is correctly used to describe a lifestyle or appearance that is not extravagant. The sentence means 'I live a simple/frugal life without buying unnecessary things.'
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect. For 'simple and easy to understand writing', 簡潔 (かんけつ: concise) or シンプル (simple) would be more appropriate.
Incorrect. For 'cheaper tour', 安い (やすい: cheap) or 手頃な (てごろな: affordable) would be appropriate.
Incorrect. For 'little experience', 経験が少ない (けいけんがすくない) or 経験が浅い (けいけんがあさい) would be appropriate.
31. とっくに
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
とっくに means 'long ago', 'already', or 'a long time ago'. It indicates that an action was completed well in the past. The sentence means 'Yamada-san already went home a long time ago.'
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect. For 'there was a large temple here long ago', 昔 (むかし: long ago) is more natural.
Incorrect. While 'too late' is correct, 'とっくに' here is redundant or awkward. Simply '今ごろ謝っても遅いよ' (It's too late to apologize now) is sufficient.
Incorrect. For 'the phone has been ringing continuously since a while ago', ずっと (continuously) or さっきから (since a while ago) is appropriate, not とっくに.
32. 受け入れる
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
受け入れる (うけいれる) means 'to accept', 'to receive', or 'to admit'. It is correctly used for accepting people, ideas, or things into a system or group. The sentence means 'My university accepts many international students every year.'
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect. For 'accepting applications', 受け付けています (うけつけています) is the correct expression.
Incorrect. For 'receiving a pamphlet', 受け取って (うけとって) is the correct expression.
Incorrect. For 'adopting the latest technology', 導入した (どうにゅうした: introduced) or 採用した (さいようした: adopted) would be more appropriate.
問題7次の文の( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1. 2. 3. 4から一つ選びなさい。
33. 今まで何人( )の人成功の理由聞かれましたが、決して特別なことをしてきたのではありません
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
何人も (なんにんも) means 'many people' or 'any number of people'. The particle も (mo) emphasizes a large quantity or extent. The sentence means 'I have been asked the reason for success by many people so far, but I have never done anything special.'
Why other options are incorrect:
と (to) is a particle meaning 'and' or 'with', not suitable for emphasizing quantity here.
だけ (dake) means 'only' or 'just', which would contradict the meaning of 'many people'.
きり (kiri) means 'only' or 'just', similar to だけ, and is not suitable here.
34. 野党の追及に対し、大臣は満足な回答できなかったどころか、質問の内容( )理解できていなかった
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
〜すら means 'even~'. It emphasizes that something is so extreme that even a basic or expected thing is not done. The sentence means 'Not only could the minister not give a satisfactory answer to the opposition's questioning, but he couldn't even understand the content of the questions.'
Why other options are incorrect:
こそ (koso) is a particle used for emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'precisely', but it doesn't fit the nuance of 'even' in this negative context.
のみ (nomi) means 'only' or 'just', similar to だけ, which doesn't fit the context of emphasizing a lack of understanding.
ほど (hodo) means 'about' or 'to the extent that', which doesn't fit the meaning of 'even' here.
35. テレビゲームなんて子供の遊び( )に思っていたのだが、やってみたら、面白くて夢中になってしまった
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
〜くらい (or 〜ぐらい) means 'about', 'to the extent of', or 'as much as'. Here, it means 'to the extent of being just child's play'. The sentence means 'I thought video games were just child's play, but when I tried them, they were so interesting that I got hooked.'
Why other options are incorrect:
まで (made) means 'until' or 'even', but '子供の遊びまで' would imply 'even child's play', which doesn't fit the nuance of thinking it's *just* child's play.
ぬき (nuki) means 'without' or 'excluding'.
どおり (doori) means 'as' or 'according to' (e.g., 予想どおり: as expected).
36. 山田「課長、先ほど出した報告書なのですが、表の数字が( )間違っていたようなんです、申し訳ありません」 課長「そうか、じゃ、もう一度計算して出して」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
どうも is an adverb used to express uncertainty, a feeling of something being likely, or a general impression, often translated as 'it seems' or 'somehow'. The sentence means 'Yamada: 'Manager, regarding the report I just submitted, it seems the numbers in the table were somehow wrong. I apologize.' Manager: 'Is that so? Then, please calculate it again and submit it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
どうか (douka) means 'please' or 'somehow' when making a request (e.g., どうかお願いします: please, I beg you).
どうにか (dounika) means 'somehow' or 'one way or another', implying managing to do something with difficulty.
どうでも (doudemo) means 'whatever' or 'doesn't matter' (e.g., どうでもいい: I don't care).
37. この美術館では、利用者の声に( )、夏期の開館時間を1時間延長することにします
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
〜にこたえて (〜に応えて) means 'in response to' or 'in answer to'. It indicates that an action is taken as a response to a request or expectation. The sentence means 'In response to user feedback, this museum will extend its summer opening hours by one hour.'
Why other options are incorrect:
いたって (itatte) means 'extremely' or 'very', used to emphasize a degree.
むけて (向けて) means 'towards' or 'for', indicating direction or target.
かかわって (関わって) means 'related to' or 'involved with'.
38. この曲は、最初はあまり好きではなかったが、何度も聞いている( )だんだん好きになってきた
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
〜うちに means 'while' or 'during the course of'. It indicates that something happens or changes while a certain state or action is ongoing. The sentence means 'I didn't like this song much at first, but as I listened to it many times, I gradually came to like it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
なかに (中に) means 'inside' or 'among', not suitable for expressing a change over time.
ついでに means 'incidentally' or 'at the same time', implying doing something extra while doing something else.
とたんに means 'as soon as' or 'at that moment', indicating an immediate change, not a gradual one.
39. このサイトでは、ご自宅からインターネット本が注文できます、午後4時以前にご注文いただけば数量や合計金額( )、翌日中にお届けします
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
〜によらず (〜に依らず) means 'regardless of' or 'irrespective of'. It indicates that something applies universally, without being affected by the preceding condition. The sentence means 'On this site, you can order books online from your home. If you order before 4 PM, we will deliver them by the next day, regardless of the quantity or total amount.'
Why other options are incorrect:
をのぞき (を除き) means 'excluding' or 'except for'.
を含めず (をふくめず) means 'not including' or 'without including'.
にかぎり (に限り) means 'limited to' or 'only for'.
40. 彼の論文は、構成にはまだ少し問題がある気が( )、内容自体はだいぶ良くなったと思う
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
〜しないでもない (〜しないでもない) means 'it's not that I don't do/feel it' or 'I might do/feel it'. It expresses a slight possibility or a hesitant admission. The sentence means 'I feel there are still some problems with the structure of his thesis, but I think the content itself has improved considerably.'
Why other options are incorrect:
することはないが means 'there's no need to do it, but...'
するよりほかないが means 'have no choice but to do it, but...'
しないのではないが is a double negative that means 'it's not that I don't do it, but...', but it's less natural in this context than しないでもない.
41. A 「このレストラン、すごく人気があるから、予約して行ったほうがいいね」 B 「うん、かなり早めに、予約( )だめかもしれないね」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
しとかなくちゃ is a colloquial contraction of しておかなくてはならない, meaning 'must do in advance' or 'have to do in advance'. It implies the necessity of preparing something beforehand. The sentence means 'A: This restaurant is very popular, so it's better to go with a reservation. B: Yeah, if we don't make a reservation quite early, it might be no good.'
Why other options are incorrect:
しなきゃって is a colloquial form of しなければならない (must do), but the 'って' implies a feeling or thought, not a direct necessity for a future outcome.
してるんじゃ is a colloquial contraction of しているのではないか (isn't it that I'm doing?), which doesn't fit the context of a necessary action.
しちゃうって is a colloquial form of してしまう (to do completely/regrettably), combined with 'って' for a feeling or thought, which doesn't fit the context of a necessary action.
42. 母によく「部屋を片付けなさい」としかられるのだが、片づけたら( )今度は、「片付けられるなら、どうして普段から片付けないの」と、またしかられる
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
〜たで (〜たで) is a colloquial expression, often used in the pattern 〜たで〜たで, meaning 'even if one does X, Y happens' or 'no matter what one does'. It implies a frustrating situation where one is criticized regardless of their actions. The sentence means 'My mother often scolds me, saying 'Clean your room!', but even if I clean it, she then scolds me again, saying 'If you can clean it, why don't you usually clean it?'
Why other options are incorrect:
片付けるまで (katazukeru made) means 'until I clean it'.
片づけたが (katazuketa ga) means 'although I cleaned it', which is a simple concession, not expressing the frustrating cycle.
片づけるのに (katazukeru noni) means 'despite cleaning it' or 'in order to clean it', which doesn't capture the 'no matter what' nuance.
43. 台風が近づいているので、明日からの旅行は、残念だが( )
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
〜せざるを得ない (〜せざるをえない) means 'cannot help but do' or 'have no choice but to do'. It expresses an unavoidable necessity. The sentence means 'A typhoon is approaching, so unfortunately, we have no choice but to postpone our trip starting tomorrow.'
Why other options are incorrect:
延期しないわけではない means 'it's not that we won't postpone', implying a possibility of not postponing, which contradicts the 'unfortunately' and the reason (typhoon).
延期しうるはずもない means 'there's no way we can postpone', which is the opposite of the intended meaning.
延期すべきものではない means 'it's not something we should postpone', which doesn't fit the context of an unavoidable situation.
44. 面接官: 「恐れ入りますが、この仕事にむける資格は( )。」 応募者: 「はい、電力エンジニアの資格をお持ちしております。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
お持ちになりますか is the honorific form of 持っていますか (do you have?). The interviewer is asking the applicant if they possess the necessary qualifications in a polite, respectful manner, using appropriate keigo (honorific language).
Why other options are incorrect:
お持ちしますか is the humble form, used when *you* (the speaker) bring something to someone else, not when asking about the listener's possession.
お持ちですか is polite but less honorific than お持ちになりますか, which is more appropriate for an interviewer addressing an applicant.
お持ちいますか is grammatically incorrect. The honorific form of 持つ is お持ちになる, and the polite form is お持ちです.
問題8次の文の_★_に入る最もよいものを、1. 2. 3. 4から一つ選びなさい。
45. もう秋になるの、今日の暑さは___ ___ _★_ ___エアコンをつけた家も多かったらしい
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the phrase 'まるで真夏に戻ったかのようで' (marude manatsu ni modotta ka no you de), meaning 'as if it has returned to midsummer'. This expression is used to describe a situation that is exactly like something else, often unexpectedly. The full sentence is: 'もう秋になるの、今日の暑さはまるで真夏に戻ったかのようでエアコンをつけた家も多かったらしい' (Even though it's already autumn, today's heat was as if it had returned to midsummer, and it seems many houses turned on their air conditioners).
Why other options are incorrect:
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
46.(ホテルで) 支配人:「お客様を間違った部屋に案内してしまったそうだね」 従業員:「はい。事前にリストをしっかり___ ___ _★_ ___ のに申し訳ありません」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the phrase '確認さえしておけば防げるミスでした' (kakunin sae shite okeba fusegeru misu deshita), meaning 'it was a mistake that could have been prevented if I had just confirmed it beforehand'. The full sentence is: 'はい。事前にリストをしっかり確認さえしておけば防げるミスでしたのに申し訳ありません' (Yes. I apologize, it was a mistake that could have been prevented if I had just properly confirmed the list beforehand).
Why other options are incorrect:
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
47. 今回失敗した ___ ___ _★_ ___ 必ずこの経験を生かしてほしい
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the phrase 'ことは仕方ないとしても今後' (koto wa shikatanai to shitemo kongo), meaning 'even if it can't be helped this time, from now on...'. The full sentence is: '今回失敗したことは仕方ないとしても今後必ずこの経験を生かしてほしい' (Even if this failure can't be helped, I definitely want you to make use of this experience from now on).
Why other options are incorrect:
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
48. 試合に負けて本当に悔しかったので、もっと強くなるため ___ ___ _★_ ___ 耐えようと思います。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the phrase 'どんな厳しい練習にだって耐えようと思います' (donna kibishii renshuu ni datte taeyou to omoimasu), meaning 'I will endure any harsh training'. The full sentence is: '試合に負けて本当に悔しかったので、もっと強くなるためだってどんな厳しい練習にだって耐えようと思います。' (I was really frustrated after losing the match, so to become stronger, I will endure any harsh training).
Why other options are incorrect:
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
49. 母は「風邪をひかないのは、 ___ ___ _★_ ___ 」とよく言っている
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the phrase '毎朝しているジョギングのおかげだ' (maiasa shiteiru jogingu no okage da), meaning 'it's thanks to the jogging I do every morning'. The full sentence is: '母は「風邪をひかないのは、毎朝しているジョギングのおかげだ」とよく言っている' (My mother often says, 'I don't catch colds thanks to the jogging I do every morning').
Why other options are incorrect:
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
This word is part of the correct phrase but not the missing part at the star.
問題9次の文章を読んで、文章全体の内容を考えて、50から54の中に入る最もよいものを、1.2.3.4から一つ選びなさい。
Reading Passage
日本の家の寿命
もし家を建てるなら、どんな家がいいですか。もちろん長く住める家がいいですよね。日本で町を見渡してみると、頑丈そうな建物が並んでいます。ところが、ある調査によると日本の家の平均寿命は、英国77年、米国55年に比べて短く30年ほどだそうです。(50)結果になったのでしょうか。
原因の一つに、戦後の日本の特殊な住宅事情があるようです。第二次世界大戦後、日本では、家不足が深刻だったため、質より量を優先させて家が作られました。しかし、経済が成長して生活に余裕が生まれると、人々はより質の高い家を求めるようになります。そこで、それまでの家は次々に(51)そうです。その結果、町には、今のような頑丈そうな質の高い住宅が立ち並ぶことになったのです。
また、日本人の住宅観も原因として(52)。日本には、家はそこに住む家族に合わせて建てるという考え方があります。たとえば、将来子供が生まれ家族が増えることを考えて建てた家も、子供が成人して独立してしまうと、夫婦二人だけの生活には合わなくなります。そのため、年をとった夫婦ためには住むのに適した家へと建て替えるのです。そんなふうに家族の形が変わったとき、今まで住んでいた家を建て替えることも少なくないそうです。
(53)、日本では家を建て替えることが多いために、家の平均寿命が短いという調査結果になったのだと思います。平均寿命30年というのは、30年で壊れてしまうという意味ではないのです。もし皆さんが、自分のために、家族のために、日本で家を建てるなら……どんな(54)。
English Summary & Annotations
50
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The phrase 'なぜこのような' (naze kono you na) means 'why such a' or 'why this kind of'. It refers back to the specific and surprising fact just stated about Japan's short house lifespan (30 years). The question asks why this particular situation has occurred.
Why other options are incorrect:
あのような (ano you na) refers to something distant or previously mentioned in a more general sense, whereas このような (kono you na) refers to something specific and immediately preceding.
果して (はたして) means 'as expected' or 'really', which doesn't fit the questioning tone about a surprising fact.
はたして (hatashite) is similar to 果して and doesn't fit the context. そのような (sono you na) refers to something previously mentioned, but なぜこのような is more direct and natural here.
51
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The passage describes a historical process where older, lower-quality houses were replaced by newer, higher-quality ones. 建て替えられていった (tatekaerarete itta) is the passive form of 建て替える (tatekaeru: to rebuild/replace) combined with the progressive aspect いった, indicating a continuous process of being rebuilt/replaced. This fits the context of houses being replaced one after another due to changing demands.
Why other options are incorrect:
建て替えていく (tatekaete iku) is active voice, meaning 'will rebuild' or 'will continue rebuilding', implying the houses themselves are doing the action, which is incorrect.
建て替えさせていた (tatekaesasete ita) is causative, meaning 'had been made to rebuild', implying someone forced them to rebuild, which is not the nuance here.
建て替えさせられている (tatekaesasete iru) is causative passive, meaning 'are being made to rebuild', which also implies external force and doesn't fit the natural progression of replacement.
52
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
考えられます (kangaeraremasu) means 'can be considered' or 'is conceivable'. It is used here to introduce another factor (the Japanese view of housing) that is thought to be a cause for the short lifespan of houses. This is a common and appropriate expression for presenting a contributing factor or a possible reason.
Why other options are incorrect:
思われます (omowaremasu) means 'is thought', but 考えられます is more suitable when presenting a logical reason or factor.
わかります (wakarimasu) means 'is understood' or 'is known', which implies a certainty that isn't quite right for introducing a contributing factor.
調べられます (shiraberaremasu) means 'can be investigated' or 'can be researched', which doesn't fit the context of presenting a reason.
53
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
つまり (tsumari) means 'in other words' or 'in short'. It is used to summarize or conclude the points made previously. The author is reiterating the main reason for the short lifespan of houses in Japan, which is the frequent rebuilding, as explained in the preceding paragraphs.
Why other options are incorrect:
ところで (tokorode) means 'by the way', used to change the topic.
なぜなら (nazenara) means 'because' or 'the reason is', used to introduce a reason, but here the author is summarizing, not introducing a new reason.
もちろん (mochiron) means 'of course', which doesn't fit the context of a summary or conclusion.
54
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence is a hypothetical question posed to the reader: 'もし皆さんが、自分のために、家族のために、日本で家を建てるなら……' (If you were to build a house in Japan for yourself, for your family...). The most natural continuation is to ask what kind of house they *would build*. 家を建てますか (ie o tatemasu ka) directly asks 'what kind of house will you build?', fitting the conditional and forward-looking nature of the question.
Why other options are incorrect:
家を建てたのですか (ie o tateta no desu ka) means 'did you build a house?', which is past tense and doesn't fit the hypothetical future scenario.
家に住めたのですか (ie ni sumeta no desu ka) means 'could you live in a house?', focusing on ability to live, not the act of building.
家に住めますか (ie ni sumemasu ka) means 'can you live in a house?', also focusing on ability to live, not the act of building.