JLPT N2 Letters and Vocabulary, Grammar Test
問題1 ____の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びなさい。
1. 田中さんの話は<u>抽象的</u>で分かりにくかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
抽象的 (ちゅうしょうてき) means 'abstract'. The sentence means "Tanaka-san's story was abstract and difficult to understand."
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 抽象的.
This is an incorrect reading for 抽象的.
This is an incorrect reading for 抽象的.
2. その本は、明日までに必ず<u>返却</u>してください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
返却 (へんきゃく) means 'return' or 'give back'. The sentence means "Please be sure to return that book by tomorrow."
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 返却.
This is an incorrect reading for 返却.
This is an incorrect reading for 返却.
3. <u>針</u>が見つからなくて困った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
針 (はり) means 'needle' or 'hand (of a clock)'. The sentence means "I was troubled because I couldn't find the needle."
Why other options are incorrect:
ねじ means 'screw'.
くぎ means 'nail'.
かぎ means 'key' or 'hook'.
4. 山田さんはいつもここから夕日を<u>撮影</u>している。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
撮影 (さつえい) means 'to photograph' or 'to film'. The sentence means "Mr. Yamada always photographs the sunset from here."
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 撮影.
This is an incorrect reading for 撮影.
This is an incorrect reading for 撮影.
5. ガラスの<u>破片</u>が落ちているから、気をつけてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
破片 (はへん) means 'fragment' or 'splinter'. The sentence means "Please be careful, as there are glass fragments on the ground."
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 破片.
This is an incorrect reading for 破片.
This is an incorrect reading for 破片.
問題2 _____の言葉を漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを1、2、3、4から一つ選びなさい。
6. 夏になると、この島には多くの観光客が<u>おとずれる</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
訪れる (おとずれる) means 'to visit' or 'to call on'. The sentence means "When summer comes, many tourists visit this island."
Why other options are incorrect:
往 (ou) means 'to go, to come', but 往れる is not a common word for 'to visit'.
伺 (ukagau) is a humble verb for 'to visit' or 'to ask', but 伺れる is not the correct form or kanji for おとずれる.
参 (mairu) is a humble verb for 'to go, to come', but 参れる is not the correct kanji for おとずれる.
7. 今年はたくさんの野菜が<u>しゅうかく</u>できたそうだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
収穫 (しゅうかく) means 'harvest' or 'crop'. The sentence means "I heard that we were able to harvest a lot of vegetables this year."
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect kanji combination for しゅうかく.
This is an incorrect kanji combination for しゅうかく.
収得 (しゅうとく) means 'acquisition' or 'obtaining', which is different from 'harvest'.
8. 餌をあげたとたん、その犬がすごい<u>いきおい</u>で食べ始めたのでびっくりした。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
勢い (いきおい) means 'vigor', 'force', or 'momentum'. The sentence means "As soon as I gave it food, the dog started eating with incredible vigor, which surprised me."
Why other options are incorrect:
乱 (ran) means 'disorder, chaos'. 乱い is not a valid word.
荒い (arai) means 'rough' or 'violent'.
暴 (abaku) means 'to expose, to reveal'. 暴い is not a valid word.
9. <u>そしき</u>が大きくなると、運営も大変になる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
組織 (そしき) means 'organization' or 'system'. The sentence means "When an organization grows larger, its management also becomes difficult."
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect kanji combination for そしき.
This is an incorrect kanji combination for そしき.
This is an incorrect kanji combination for そしき.
10. 町の<u>いたるところ</u>に花が植えられている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
至るところ (いたるところ) means 'everywhere' or 'all over'. The sentence means "Flowers are planted everywhere in the town."
Why other options are incorrect:
及 (oyobu) means 'to reach, to extend', but 及るところ is not the correct kanji for いたるところ.
満 (mitsu) means 'full', but 満るところ is not the correct kanji for いたるところ.
総 (sō) means 'total, whole', but 総るところ is not the correct kanji for いたるところ.
問題3 ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びなさい。
11. 昨日、()夜中に電話で起こされた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
真 (ま) is used in 真夜中 (まよなか) meaning 'dead of night' or 'middle of the night'. The sentence means "Last night, I was woken up by a phone call in the middle of the night."
Why other options are incorrect:
正 (せい/ただしい) means 'correct, right'. It is not used with 夜中 in this context.
実 (じつ/み) means 'truth, reality'. It is not used with 夜中.
本 (ほん/もと) means 'book, origin'. It is not used with 夜中.
12. 昨日の選挙の投票()は非常に高かった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
投票率 (とうひょうりつ) means 'voter turnout' or 'voting rate'. 率 (りつ) means 'rate' or 'ratio'. The sentence means "The voter turnout for yesterday's election was very high."
Why other options are incorrect:
割 (wari) means 'rate, ratio', but 投票割 is not a common term. 割合 (わりあい) is used for proportion.
値 (あたい/ね) means 'value, price'. 投票値 is not a common term.
比 (ひ) means 'ratio, comparison'. 投票比 is not a common term.
13. この本棚の本は、作家名のアルファベット()に並んでいます。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
アルファベット順 (じゅん) means 'alphabetical order'. 順 (じゅん) means 'order' or 'turn'. The sentence means "The books on this bookshelf are arranged in alphabetical order by author's name."
Why other options are incorrect:
番 (ban) means 'number, turn'. While related to order, アルファベット番 is not the correct phrase.
序 (jo) is used in words like 順序 (じゅんじょ - order), but アルファベット序 is not correct.
位 (i) means 'rank, position'. アルファベット位 is not correct.
14. 外からあまり見えないように、この窓は()透明のガラスにしてある。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
半透明 (はんとうめい) means 'semi-transparent' or 'translucent'. 半 (はん) means 'half'. The sentence means "To prevent too much visibility from outside, this window is made of semi-transparent glass."
Why other options are incorrect:
弱 (じゃく/よわい) means 'weak'. 弱透明 is not a common term.
中 (ちゅう/なか) means 'middle'. 中透明 is not a common term.
低 (てい/ひくい) means 'low'. 低透明 is not a common term.
15. 海外のホテルでも日本()のサービスを取り入れるところが増えているらしい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
日本流 (にほんりゅう) means 'Japanese style' or 'Japanese way'. 流 (りゅう) means 'style' or 'flow'. The sentence means "It seems that more and more hotels overseas are adopting Japanese-style service."
Why other options are incorrect:
似 (に/るい) means 'similar'. 日本似 is not a common term.
類 (rui) means 'kind, type'. 日本類 is not a common term.
法 (hō) means 'method, law'. 日本法 is not a common term.
問題4 ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びなさい。
16. 栄養が()ように、いろいろな食品を食べたほうがいい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
かたよらない (偏らない) means 'not to be biased' or 'not to be unbalanced'. 栄養が偏る (えいようがかたよる) means 'to have an unbalanced diet'. The sentence means "It's better to eat various foods so that your nutrition doesn't become unbalanced."
Why other options are incorrect:
はぶかれない (省かれない) means 'not to be omitted/skipped'.
はずされない (外されない) means 'not to be removed/taken off'.
かたむかない (傾かない) means 'not to lean/tilt'.
17. ダムの建設は、計画通り( )進んでいる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
着々と (ちゃくちゃくと) means 'steadily' or 'step by step'. It implies progress according to plan. The sentence means "The dam construction is steadily progressing according to plan."
Why other options are incorrect:
さらさら is an onomatopoeia for rustling or flowing smoothly (e.g., sand, silk). It is not suitable for progress.
すらすら is an onomatopoeia for smoothly, without difficulty (e.g., writing, speaking). It is not suitable for construction progress.
続々と (ぞくぞくと) means 'one after another', 'in succession'. It implies a continuous stream of things/people, not steady progress of a single project.
18. 急いでいるのに、渋滞のせいで車が前に進まなくて()した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
いらいら (iraira) is an onomatopoeia meaning 'to be irritated' or 'to be frustrated'. The sentence means "Even though I was in a hurry, the car wouldn't move forward due to the traffic jam, which made me irritated."
Why other options are incorrect:
わくわく (wakuwaku) means 'to be excited' or 'to thrill'.
すっきり (sukkiri) means 'to feel refreshed' or 'to be neat/clear'.
うっかり (ukkari) means 'carelessly' or 'by mistake'.
19. 兄は「残業が多い、給料が安い」と会社の()ばかり言っている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ぐち (愚痴) means 'complaint' or 'grumbling'. 会社のぐちを言う means 'to complain about the company'. The sentence means "My older brother is always complaining about the company, saying 'there's too much overtime, and the salary is low'."
Why other options are incorrect:
ゆううつ (憂鬱) means 'melancholy' or 'depression'. While related to negative feelings, it's not a direct complaint.
苦情 (くじょう) means 'complaint' (more formal, often to a third party or official complaint). ぐち is more informal, personal grumbling.
非難 (ひなん) means 'criticism' or 'blame'. This implies a stronger, more direct accusation.
20. あのドラマは、最後に主人公が恋人と再会する()が感動的だった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
場面 (ばめん) means 'scene' or 'situation'. The sentence means "The scene where the protagonist reunited with their lover at the end of that drama was moving."
Why other options are incorrect:
要所 (ようしょ) means 'important point' or 'strategic point'. Not suitable for a scene in a drama.
名所 (めいしょ) means 'famous place'. Not suitable for a scene.
画面 (がめん) means 'screen' or 'picture (on a screen)'. While a drama is on a screen, 画面 refers to the physical screen or image, not the narrative scene itself.
21. A社はこの10年で、社員一万人の大企業に()した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
成長 (せいちょう) means 'growth' or 'development'. It's commonly used for companies growing in size. The sentence means "Company A has grown into a large company with 10,000 employees in these 10 years."
Why other options are incorrect:
発達 (はったつ) means 'development' or 'growth', often used for physical or mental development, or development of technology/culture. Less common for company size.
展開 (てんかい) means 'development' or 'unfolding' (e.g., of a story, business expansion into new areas). Not directly about growth in size.
上昇 (じょうしょう) means 'rise' or 'increase' (e.g., prices, temperatures). Not suitable for a company becoming a large enterprise.
22. 激しい運動をたまにするより、()運動を毎日続ける方が体にはいいらしい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
適度な (てきどな) means 'appropriate' or 'moderate'. 適度な運動 (てきどなうんどう) means 'moderate exercise'. The sentence means "It seems that continuing moderate exercise every day is better for the body than occasionally doing intense exercise."
Why other options are incorrect:
簡略な (かんりゃくな) means 'simple' or 'brief'.
好調な (こうちょうな) means 'favorable' or 'in good condition'.
対等な (たいとうな) means 'equal' or 'on equal terms'.
問題5 _____の言葉に意味が最も近いものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びなさい。
23. ちょっと<u>追加したい</u>データがあります。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
追加したい (つうかしたい) means 'want to add'. たしたい (足したい) also means 'want to add'. The sentence means "There's some data I want to add."
Why other options are incorrect:
なおしたい (直したい) means 'want to fix/correct'.
のせたい (載せたい) means 'want to put on/publish'.
しらべたい (調べたい) means 'want to investigate/check'.
24. その国も今の時期は<u>そうとう</u>暑いだろう。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
そうとう (相当) means 'considerably' or 'quite'. かなり (kanari) also means 'considerably' or 'quite'. The sentence means "That country is probably quite hot around this time of year too."
Why other options are incorrect:
たぶん (tabun) means 'probably'. This is about likelihood, not degree.
どうせ (dōse) means 'anyway', 'in any case' (often with a negative nuance).
やはり (yahari) means 'as expected', 'after all'.
25. 少しの間、<u>じっとしていて</u>ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
じっとしていて (じっとしていて) means 'to stay still' or 'to remain motionless'. 動かないで (うごかないで) means 'don't move'. The sentence means "Please stay still for a moment."
Why other options are incorrect:
見ないで (みないで) means 'don't look'.
話さないで (はなさないで) means 'don't talk'.
使わないで (つかわないで) means 'don't use'.
26. <u>あやまった</u>情報が流れてしまったようだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
あやまった (誤った) means 'mistaken' or 'incorrect'. 正しくない (ただしくない) means 'not correct'. The sentence means "It seems that incorrect information has spread."
Why other options are incorrect:
古い (ふるい) means 'old'.
秘密の (ひみつの) means 'secret'.
必要のない (ひつようのない) means 'unnecessary'.
27. ちょっと手が<u>かさかさしている</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
かさかさしている (かさかさしている) is an onomatopoeia describing something dry and rough. 乾燥している (かんそうしている) means 'is dry'. The sentence means "My hands are a bit dry."
Why other options are incorrect:
汚れている (よごれている) means 'is dirty'.
冷えている (ひえている) means 'is cold'.
しびれている (しびれている) means 'is numb'.
問題6 次の言葉の使い方として最もよいものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びなさい。
28. <u>廃止</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
廃止 (はいし) means 'abolition' or 'repeal', typically used for systems, laws, or customs. This sentence means "That system was abolished last month because it no longer suited the current situation." This is a correct usage.
Why other options are incorrect:
廃止 is not used for 'ending' a meeting. 終了 (しゅうりょう - end) or 中止 (ちゅうし - cancellation) would be more appropriate.
廃止 is not used for 'stopping' work. 中止 (ちゅうし - stop) or 切り上げた (きりあげた - finished early) would be more appropriate.
廃止 is not used for 'quitting' a habit. やめる (yameru - quit) or 禁煙する (きんえんする - quit smoking) would be appropriate.
29. <u>心強い </u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
心強い (こころづよい) means 'reassuring' or 'heartening', feeling strong because of support. This sentence means "I was anxious about my first presentation, but I felt reassured because my senior was with me." This is a correct usage.
Why other options are incorrect:
This implies 'strong-willed' or 'tough', which is not the primary meaning of 心強い. 気が強い (きがつよい) or 精神的に強い (せいしんてきにつよい) would be better.
This implies 'confident' or 'proficient', not 'reassured'. 得意 (とくい) or 自信がある (じしんがある) would be better.
This implies 'strong-willed' or 'determined'. 意志が強い (いしがつよい) or 粘り強い (ねばりづよい) would be better.
30. <u>さっさと</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
さっさと (さっさと) means 'quickly' or 'promptly', often used when urging someone to do something without delay. This sentence means "Don't watch TV forever, quickly do your homework." This is a correct usage.
Why other options are incorrect:
さっさと is not used for natural phenomena happening quickly. すぐに (sugu ni - immediately) or あっという間に (atto iu ma ni - in a flash) would be better.
さっさと is not used for 'arriving quickly'. すぐに (sugu ni - soon) or 早く (hayaku - quickly) would be better.
さっさと is not used for something breaking quickly. もう (mou - already) or あっという間に (atto iu ma ni - in a flash) would be better.
31. <u>ふさぐ</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ふさぐ (塞ぐ) means 'to block', 'to close', or 'to cover (a hole/opening)'. This sentence means "There was a hole in the paper bag, so I covered it with cellophane tape." This is a correct usage.
Why other options are incorrect:
ふさぐ is not used for 'covering seeds with soil'. かける (kakeru - to put on/cover) or かぶせる (kabuseru - to cover) would be better.
ふさぐ is not used for 'covering a pot with a lid'. かぶせる (kabuseru - to cover) or する (suru - to do) would be better.
ふさぐ is not used for 'covering a plate with plastic wrap'. かける (kakeru - to put on/cover) or する (suru - to do) would be better.
32. <u>冷静</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
冷静 (れいせい) means 'calm' or 'cool-headed'. This sentence means "Even when trouble occurred, Mr. Mori responded calmly without panicking." This is a correct usage.
Why other options are incorrect:
冷静 is not used for economic conditions becoming stable. 落ち着く (おちつく - to settle down) or 安定する (あんていする - to stabilize) would be better.
冷静 is not used for 'staying cool' when having a fever. 安静 (あんせい - rest) or じっとしている (jittoshiteiru - stay still) would be better.
冷静 is not used for the sea becoming calm. 穏やか (おだやか - calm) or 静か (しずか - quiet) would be better.
問題7 次の文の( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びなさい。
33. 電子メールが普及している今の時代であるから( )、手書きの手紙に温かい気持ちを感じる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「〜からこそ」 emphasizes the reason, meaning "precisely because...". In this context, "Precisely because it's an era where email is widespread, I feel a warm sentiment from handwritten letters."
Why other options are incorrect:
「〜でさえ」 would mean "even in this era...", which doesn't fit the nuance.
「〜すら」 means 'even' (stronger, often negative nuance). Similar to さえ, it doesn't fit.
「〜だけ」 means 'only'. "Only because it's this era..." doesn't fit the nuance of feeling warmth from handwritten letters.
34. 母:「また寝てるの?せっかくの休みなんだから、寝て( )いないで、外に出かけたら?」 息子:「わかったよ。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「〜てばかりいる」 means 'to do nothing but ~' or 'to always be ~ing', often with a negative nuance of excessive action. The mother is complaining that her son is only sleeping. The sentence means "Are you sleeping again? It's a precious day off, so instead of just sleeping, why don't you go out?"
Why other options are incorrect:
「〜しか〜ない」 means 'only ~' (negative). Not suitable here.
でも means 'even' or 'but'. Not suitable here.
ぐらい means 'about' or 'at least'. Not suitable here.
35. 人は通勤に多くの時間を使っている。( )通勤に往復2時間かけるとすると、1年間で480時間も通勤に使っている計算になる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
かりに (仮に) means 'supposing', 'if', or 'for argument's sake'. It introduces a hypothetical situation. The sentence means "People spend a lot of time commuting. Supposing one spends 2 hours round trip commuting, that calculates to 480 hours spent commuting in a year."
Why other options are incorrect:
たとえ means 'even if'. While similar, たとえ is usually followed by a conditional like 「〜ても」 or 「〜でも」.
ようやく means 'finally' or 'at last'.
かえって means 'on the contrary' or 'rather'.
36. 先月電子レンジを買ったが、いくらも( )壊れてしまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「〜ないうちに」 means 'before ~ing' or 'while not yet ~ing'. 「いくらも使わないうちに」 means 'before using it much at all'. The sentence means "I bought a microwave last month, but it broke before I even used it much."
Why other options are incorrect:
「使っていると」 means 'when using it'.
「使っているうちに」 means 'while using it'.
「使わないと」 means 'if I don't use it'.
37. 彼は小説家になってから、1年に1冊のペースで長編小説を( )、来月出る小説で10冊目となる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「〜ており」 is the continuative form of 「〜ている」, often used in formal writing or to connect clauses, indicating an ongoing state or repeated action. The sentence means "Since he became a novelist, he has been publishing long novels at a pace of one per year, and the novel coming out next month will be his 10th."
Why other options are incorrect:
「〜しつつ」 means 'while ~ing' or 'at the same time as ~ing'. It implies two actions happening concurrently.
「〜するにつれ」 means 'as ~ happens' or 'in proportion to ~'. It indicates a change occurring alongside another change.
「〜たところで」 means 'even if ~' or 'even when ~' (often with a negative result).
38. 駅前に新しくできたラーメン屋はいつも込んでいる。昨日も大雨( )行列ができていた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「〜にもかかわらず」 means 'despite ~' or 'regardless of ~'. It indicates that something happened contrary to expectations. The sentence means "The new ramen shop in front of the station is always crowded. Even yesterday, despite the heavy rain, there was a line."
Why other options are incorrect:
「にしても」 means 'even if ~' or 'even for ~'. It implies a concession, but not as strong as 'despite'.
「にしたって」 is an informal version of にしても.
「にかぎらず」 means 'not limited to ~' or 'not only ~'.
39. 川村「青木くんは、今日お休み?」 山田「うん。アイスの食べ過ぎでおなかが痛くなったって連絡あったよ。」 川村「青木くん( )ね。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「〜らしい」 means 'typical of ~' or 'just like ~'. It expresses that something is characteristic of a person or thing. Kawamura is saying "That's just like Aoki-kun, isn't it?" implying Aoki-kun often overeats ice cream and gets a stomachache.
Why other options are incorrect:
「みたいだ」 means 'seems like' or 'looks like'. While similar to らしい, みたいだ often implies a visual resemblance or a less certain inference. らしい is better for characteristic behavior.
「のようだ」 is a more formal version of みたいだ.
「〜のことだ」 means 'it's about ~' or 'it's ~ that'. Not suitable here.
40. 最近は夜遅くまで開いているスーパーが多くなってきた。スーパーに( )、24時間営業のところもある。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「〜によっては」 means 'depending on ~' or 'in some cases of ~'. It indicates that something varies depending on the specific case. The sentence means "Recently, many supermarkets stay open late. Depending on the supermarket, some are even open 24 hours."
Why other options are incorrect:
とっても means 'very' (adverb). It is not a grammatical particle.
「〜についても」 means 'regarding ~' or 'concerning ~'.
「〜においては」 means 'in ~' or 'at ~' (formal, specific place/situation).
41. 先輩「受験する大学は決まった?」 後輩「いえ、僕は海外の大学に行きたいんですけど、両親は僕を自宅から通える大学に( )」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「〜たがっている」 is used to express a third person's desire. 「行かせたがっている」 combines the causative form (行かせる - to make someone go) with 「〜たがっている」, meaning 'my parents want to make me go to a university I can commute to from home'.
Why other options are incorrect:
「〜てほしい」 means 'want someone to do ~'. This would mean "my parents want me to go to a university they want me to go to," which is redundant and less natural.
「〜ようとする」 means 'to try to do ~'. 「〜てほしい」 means 'want someone to do ~'. This would mean "my parents want me to try to go to a university...", which is grammatically awkward.
Similar to option 2, this is grammatically awkward.
42. 最近は毎月決まった金額でかけ放題の国際電話サービスがある。私が留学していたときにもそんなサービスがあったら( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「どれだけよかったか」 is an expressive phrase meaning 'how good it would have been!' or 'it would have been so much better!'. It conveys a strong sense of regret or longing for something that didn't happen. The sentence means "Recently, there's an international call service where you can make unlimited calls for a fixed monthly fee. If such a service had existed when I was studying abroad, how much better it would have been!"
Why other options are incorrect:
This option is missing the final particle か for the exclamatory nuance.
どうしても means 'no matter what' or 'by all means'. It doesn't fit the context of expressing regret.
Similar to option 3, it doesn't fit the context of expressing regret.
43. (店で)<br>店員「こちらの車はいかがですか。中古車ですが、( )新車と変わらないくらいきれいですよ。」</br>客「そうですね。きれいですね。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「ご覧のように」 (ごらんのように) means 'as you can see'. It's a polite way to refer to something the listener can observe. The salesperson is pointing out the car's condition. The sentence means "How about this car? It's a used car, but as you can see, it's as clean as a new car."
Why other options are incorrect:
「ご覧いただくために」 means 'in order for you to see'. This is a purpose, not a statement of observation.
「拝見したとおり」 (はいけんしたとおり) means 'as I saw'. 拝見 (はいけん) is humble for 'to see', used by the speaker about their own action, not the listener's.
「拝見したきり」 means 'only after seeing' or 'ever since seeing'. Not suitable.
44. (ホームページで)<br> Q:ゲームをしていたら、急に画面が暗くなってしまいました。どうしたらいいですか。</br> A:一度電源を切り、1分くらい経ってからまたつけてみてください。ただし、同じことが何度も( )故障です。修理を依頼してください.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「繰り返される」 is the passive form of 繰り返す (to repeat), meaning 'to be repeated'. 「〜ようならば」 means 'if it seems that ~' or 'if it happens that ~'. The sentence means "If the same thing happens repeatedly, then it's a malfunction. Please request a repair."
Why other options are incorrect:
This is a causative passive form, 'if it makes something repeat'. It is grammatically incorrect in this context.
This is a potential form, 'if it becomes possible to repeat'. It does not fit the meaning.
This is a double passive/causative passive, which is grammatically incorrect and nonsensical.
問題8 次の文の __★__ に入る最もよいものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選びなさい。
45. A「あ、飲み物がなくなってしまいましたね。」<br>B「じゃあ、私がちょっとコンビニに_____ __★__ _____ _____いてください。」<br>A「私もいっしょに買いに行きますよ。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The complete sentence is 「じゃあ、私がちょっとコンビニに行って買ってきますから待っていてください。」 This means "Okay, I'll go to the convenience store and buy some, so please wait." The structure is 「〜てくる」 (go and do something and come back) and 「〜てください」 (please do). The starred part is 買って, which completes the phrase 「買ってきますから」.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is part of the verb phrase, but not the starred part.
This is the first verb, but not the starred part.
This is the verb for the second clause, but not the starred part.
46. この計画をこのまま____ _____ __★__ _____だろう。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The complete sentence is 「この計画をこのまま進めるかやめるか、いずれにしても早急に結論を出す必要があるだろう。」 This means "Whether to proceed with this plan as is or to stop it, in any case, it will be necessary to reach a conclusion quickly." The starred part is 「早急に結論を出す」, which means 'to reach a conclusion quickly'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the end of the sentence, not the starred part.
This phrase means 'in any case', but it's not the starred part.
This phrase means 'whether to proceed or stop', but it's not the starred part.
47. 「来週の登山の持ち物について質問があります。配られたプリントに、ピニール袋を持参 ____ _____ __★__ _____ 足りるのでしょうか。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The complete sentence is 「来週の登山の持ち物について質問があります。配られたプリントに、ビニール袋を持参のこととありますが、だいたい何枚ぐらい用意すれば足りるのでしょうか。」 This means "I have a question about the items to bring for next week's mountain climbing. The distributed handout says to bring plastic bags, but approximately how many should I prepare?" The starred part is 「だいたい何枚ぐらい」, which means 'approximately how many sheets/pieces'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is part of the phrase 「のこととありますが」, but not the starred part.
This is part of the phrase 「持参のことと」, but not the starred part.
This means 'if I prepare', but it's not the starred part.
48. 何か目的があって ____ _____ __★__ _____ ということがよくある。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The complete sentence is 「何か目的があってその場所に行ったはずなのに、何をしに行ったのか忘れてしまうということがよくある。」 This means "It often happens that even though I went to that place with some purpose, I forget what I went there to do." The starred part is 「何をしに行ったのか」, which means 'what I went there to do'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the verb phrase at the end, not the starred part.
This means 'even though I was supposed to', but it's not the starred part.
This means 'went to that place', but it's not the starred part.
49. 日本の食卓(しょくたく)に ____ _____ __★__ _____ 大豆だが、日本国内で作られているも のはわずかで、その多くを海外からの輸入に頼っているという。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The complete sentence is 「日本の食卓に欠かせないみそやしょうゆといった調味料の原料となる大豆だが、日本国内で作られているものはわずかで、その多くを海外からの輸入に頼っているという。」 This means "Soybeans are an indispensable ingredient for seasonings like miso and soy sauce on Japanese dining tables, but only a small amount is produced domestically in Japan, and most of it relies on imports from overseas." The starred part is 「調味料の」, which means 'of seasonings'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This means 'indispensable', but it's not the starred part.
This means 'become the raw material', but it's not the starred part.
This means 'such as miso and soy sauce', but it's not the starred part.
問題9 次の文章を読んで、文章全体の内容を考えて、_50_から_54_の中に入る最もよいものを、1、2、3、4からーつ選びなさい。
Reading Passage
冬の寒さも緩み、春の陽気が感じられるようになってきました。春は花の季節。サクラをはじめ、ウメやモモなど多くの木々が花を咲かせます。
ところで、これらの花は、なぜ春に一斉に咲くのでしょう。花なんて暖かくなれば咲くものだと_50_。確かに、気温の上昇も重要です。ただ、皆さんは、春に花を咲かせる木がいつその準備をしているかご存じですか。_51_、開花する前の年の夏には、すでに花となる芽(花芽)が作られ、花を咲かせる準備ができているのです。そう考えると、春まで待って一斉に咲くというのは不思議ではありませんか。一体どういう仕組みなのでしょう。
サクラやウメなどの木は夏に、成長を抑える休眠物質を葉で作ります。それが花芽にたまると、葉が落ち、花芽は「休眠」という期間に入ります。_52_花芽は成長しません。休眠から目覚めるには、一定の低温期間を経験することが必要です。「一定の低温期間」とはどれくらいかというと、それは花によって違うことがわかっています。
例えば、サクラのソメイヨシノでは、5度前後の気温が約900時間_53_。そして休眠から目覚めると、成長を抑えていた休眠物質が減り始めます。それがなくなると成長が再開し、春になって、1日の平均気温が12〜13度になると開花するのです。
春に一斉に咲く花の仕組み、_54_。冬の間、私たちは寒さが去るのを待つばかりですが、春に咲く花のためには、その寒さは必要なものなのです。
English Summary & Annotations
50.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence is setting up a common misconception before revealing the actual mechanism. 「思うかもしれません」 (omou kamoshiremasen) means "you might think". This fits the context of introducing a general assumption that will then be elaborated on or corrected.
Why other options are incorrect:
「〜せいだ」 means 'it's because of ~' (often negative). "It's because you think..." doesn't fit the context.
「〜ほどだ」 means 'it's to the extent that ~'. "It's to the extent that you think..." doesn't fit the context.
「〜ことにした」 means 'decided to do ~'. "Decided to think..." doesn't fit the context.
51.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「実は」 (jitsu wa) means 'actually' or 'in fact'. It's used to introduce a surprising or little-known fact that contradicts a common assumption. Here, it introduces the fact that flower buds are formed in the previous summer.
Why other options are incorrect:
また means 'again' or 'also'. It doesn't fit the nuance of revealing a new, surprising fact.
こうして means 'thus' or 'in this way'. It is used to summarize or conclude, not introduce a new fact.
一方 means 'on the other hand'. It is used for contrast, which is not the primary function here.
52.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「この期間は」 (kono kikan wa) means 'during this period'. It refers back to the "dormancy" period just mentioned and explains what happens during it.
Why other options are incorrect:
あの期間では means 'in that period'. While grammatically possible, 「この」 (this) is more natural when referring to something just introduced.
これくらいの期間では means 'in a period of about this length'. The length is not yet specified in the preceding sentence.
あれくらいの期間は means 'in a period of about that length'. Similar to option 3, and 「あれ」 is less direct than 「この」.
53.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「必要だとされています」 (hitsuyō da to sareteimasu) means 'is considered necessary' or 'is said to be necessary'. This is a common way to state a generally accepted scientific fact or finding. The sentence means "For Somei Yoshino cherry trees, temperatures around 5 degrees Celsius for about 900 hours are considered necessary."
Why other options are incorrect:
必要かどうか調査されます means 'it will be investigated whether it is necessary'. This implies ongoing research, not a known fact.
必要かどうか明らかになります means 'it will become clear whether it is necessary'. Similar to option 1, it implies future discovery.
必要だと気づかされます means 'it makes one realize it is necessary'. This is a passive form implying someone is made to realize, not a statement of fact.
54.
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
「おわかりいただけましたか」 (owakari itadakemashita ka) is a polite way to ask "Did you understand?" or "Has it become clear to you?". It's a suitable closing phrase for an explanatory passage.
Why other options are incorrect:
ご存じでしょうか means 'Do you know?'. This is a question about prior knowledge, not about understanding the explanation just given.
ご存じだったのですね means 'So you knew, didn't you?'. This implies the reader already knew, which is not the intent.
おわかりいただけるのですね means 'So you can understand, can't you?'. This is a statement of realization, not a question asking for confirmation of understanding.