JLPT N2 Test
問題1___の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
1.ガソリンの値段が<u>大幅</u>に上がった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
大幅 (おおはば) is the correct reading for the kanji, meaning 'drastically' or 'significantly'. The sentence means 'The price of gasoline increased significantly'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 大幅.
This is an incorrect reading for 大幅.
This is an incorrect reading for 大幅.
2.昨日、とても<u>悔しい</u>出来事があった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
悔しい (くやしい) is the correct reading for the kanji, meaning 'frustrating', 'regrettable', or 'vexing'. The sentence means 'Yesterday, something very frustrating happened'.
Why other options are incorrect:
悲しい (かなしい) means 'sad'.
恥ずかしい (はずかしい) means 'embarrassing' or 'ashamed'.
恐ろしい (おそろしい) means 'frightening' or 'terrible'.
3.わかりやすく書いたつもりだったが、<u>幼稚</u>な文章になってしまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
幼稚 (ようち) is the correct reading for the kanji, meaning 'childish' or 'immature'. The sentence means 'I intended to write it clearly, but it ended up being a childish sentence'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 幼稚.
This is an incorrect reading for 幼稚.
This is an incorrect reading for 幼稚.
4.今回は田中選手の<u>圧勝</u>だった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
圧勝 (あっしょう) is the correct reading for the kanji, meaning 'overwhelming victory'. The sentence means 'This time, it was Tanaka's overwhelming victory'.
Why other options are incorrect:
優勝 (ゆうしょう) means 'championship' or 'victory', but the reading is different and it doesn't convey the 'overwhelming' nuance.
This is an incorrect reading for 圧勝.
優秀 (ゆうしゅう) means 'excellent' or 'superior', which is a different word.
5.暑い季節は食べ物が<u>傷みやすい</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
傷みやすい (いたみやすい) is the correct reading for the kanji, meaning 'easily spoiled' or 'prone to damage'. The sentence means 'Food spoils easily in hot seasons'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 傷みやすい.
This is an incorrect reading for 傷みやすい.
This is an incorrect reading for 傷みやすい.
問題2___の言葉を漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを1・2・3・4から一つ選び なさい。
6.洗濯物がまだ<u>しめっぽい</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
湿っぽい (しめっぽい) is the correct kanji for the given reading, meaning 'damp' or 'humid'. The sentence means 'The laundry is still damp'.
Why other options are incorrect:
汚っぽい (きたなっぽい) means 'dirty-looking'.
泡っぽい (あわっぽい) means 'foamy' or 'bubbly'.
汗っぽい (あせっぽい) means 'sweaty'.
7. このパソコンにはプリンターが <u>せつぞく</u>されています。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
接続 (せつぞく) is the correct kanji for the given reading, meaning 'connection' or 'to connect'. The sentence means 'A printer is connected to this computer'.
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect kanji combination for 'connection'.
Incorrect kanji combination for 'connection'.
Incorrect kanji combination for 'connection'.
8.私は親に<u>さからって</u>大学に進学した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
逆らって (さからって) is the te-form of 逆らう, meaning 'to go against' or 'to disobey'. The sentence means 'I went to university against my parents' wishes'.
Why other options are incorrect:
敵 (てき) means 'enemy', and this is not a valid verb form.
拒 (こばむ) means 'to refuse', but the te-form is 拒んで (こばんで).
争って (あらそって) is the te-form of 争う, meaning 'to dispute' or 'to contend'.
9.田中社長の強引なやり方を<u>ひはん</u>する人もいる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
批判 (ひはん) is the correct kanji for the given reading, meaning 'criticism' or 'critique'. The sentence means 'Some people criticize President Tanaka's forceful methods'.
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect kanji combination for 'criticism'.
Incorrect kanji combination for 'criticism'.
Incorrect kanji combination for 'criticism'.
10.A社の製品のほうが機能の面では<u> おとって</u>いると思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
劣って (おとって) is the te-form of 劣る, meaning 'to be inferior to' or 'to fall behind'. The sentence means 'I think company A's products are inferior in terms of functionality'.
Why other options are incorrect:
悪 (わるい) means 'bad', but this is not a valid verb form for 'inferior'.
負って (おって) is the te-form of 負う, meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry', or 負ける (まける) meaning 'to lose', but the reading is different.
乏 (とぼしい) means 'poor' or 'lacking', but this is not a valid verb form for 'inferior'.
問題3( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
11.歴史小説家西(にし村(むら)氏の代表的な作品を収めた作品( )が発行された。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
作品集 (さくひんしゅう) means 'collection of works'. This is the most appropriate word to describe a compilation of an author's representative works.
Why other options are incorrect:
族 (ぞく) means 'tribe' or 'family', not suitable for a collection of works.
部 (ぶ) means 'part' or 'department', not suitable for a collection of works.
団 (だん) means 'group' or 'organization', not suitable for a collection of works.
12.ここから駅まで行くなら、線路( )の道を行くのが一番早いですよ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
線路沿い (せんろぞい) means 'along the railway tracks'. This is the natural expression for a path that follows the tracks.
Why other options are incorrect:
付き (つき) means 'attached' or 'with', not suitable for 'along'.
並び (ならび) means 'lining up' or 'side by side', not suitable for 'along'.
従い (したがい) means 'following' or 'according to', typically used for rules or instructions, not physical paths.
13.田中先生は、子どもの英語教育に関する()問題について研究している。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
諸問題 (しょもんだい) means 'various problems' or 'various issues'. 諸 is a prefix meaning 'various' or 'many'.
Why other options are incorrect:
総 (そう) means 'total' or 'general', not suitable for 'various issues'.
複 (ふく) means 'multiple' or 'complex', but 複数問題 (ふくすうもんだい) would mean 'multiple problems' (as in, more than one specific problem), not 'various issues' in a general sense.
数 (かず) means 'number', not suitable as a prefix for 'various issues'.
14.大きな図書館に行きたいが、遠いのでけっこう電車( )がかかる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
電車賃 (でんしゃちん) means 'train fare'. 賃 (ちん) is used for fares or rent.
Why other options are incorrect:
金 (かね) means 'money', but 電車金 is not a common compound.
料 (りょう) means 'fee' or 'charge', but 電車料 is less common than 電車賃 for train fare.
財 (ざい) means 'wealth' or 'property', not suitable for fare.
15.町は朝からお祭りムード( )だった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
一色 (いっしょく) means 'one color' or 'dominated by one thing'. お祭りムード一色 (おまつりムードいっしょく) means 'the whole town was filled with a festive mood'.
Why other options are incorrect:
一例 (いちれい) means 'an example'.
一面 (いちめん) means 'one side' or 'the whole surface', but it doesn't fit the nuance of 'dominated by a mood' as well as 一色.
一種 (いっしゅ) means 'a kind' or 'a type'.
問題4 ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ選びなさい。
16. 子どものいたずらにいちいち( )を立てても仕方がない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
腹を立てる (はらをたてる) is an idiom meaning 'to get angry'. The sentence means 'There's no point getting angry every time your child plays a prank'.
Why other options are incorrect:
気 (き) is used in idioms like 気を遣う (きをつかう - to be considerate), but not 気を立てる.
頭 (あたま) is used in idioms like 頭に来る (あたまにくる - to get angry), but not 頭を立てる.
心 (こころ) means 'heart' or 'mind', not used in this idiom.
17.A社が開発した商品管理システムは評価が高く、多くの会社に( )されている
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
導入 (どうにゅう) means 'introduction' or 'implementation' (of a system, product, etc.). The sentence means 'The product management system developed by Company A is highly rated and has been introduced to many companies'.
Why other options are incorrect:
引用 (いんよう) means 'quotation' or 'citation'.
吸収 (きゅうしゅう) means 'absorption' or 'merger'.
移行 (いこう) means 'transition' or 'shift'.
18.工事の音が( )、全然眠れない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
やかましい (やかましい) means 'noisy' or 'loud'. The sentence means 'The construction noise is so loud that I can't sleep at all'.
Why other options are incorrect:
しつこい (しつこい) means 'persistent', 'nagging', or 'heavy (taste)'.
ずうずうしい (ずうずうしい) means 'impudent' or 'brazen'.
険しい (けわしい) means 'steep' or 'grim'.
19.自転車のタイヤが( )して、空気が抜けていた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
パンク (panku) means 'puncture' or 'flat tire'. The sentence means 'The bicycle tire was punctured, and the air had leaked out'.
Why other options are incorrect:
ストライキ (sutoraiki) means 'strike' (labor strike).
ダウン (daun) means 'down' (e.g., down jacket, feeling down).
ミス (misu) means 'mistake'.
20.セミナーの日の朝は準備の時間がないので、資料は( ) コピーしておいて ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
あらかじめ (arakajime) means 'in advance' or 'beforehand'. The sentence means 'Since there's no time for preparation on the morning of the seminar, please make copies of the materials beforehand'.
Why other options are incorrect:
遅くとも (おそくとも) means 'at the latest'.
とっくに (tokkuni) means 'long ago' or 'already (a long time ago)'.
先々 (さきざき) means 'in the distant future' or 'various places'.
21.山口さんは柔道をしているので、がっしりした( )をしている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
体格 (たいかく) means 'physique' or 'build'. がっしりした体格 (gasshiri shita taikaku) means 'a sturdy build'.
Why other options are incorrect:
姿勢 (しせい) means 'posture' or 'attitude'.
格好 (かっこう) means 'appearance' or 'figure', but it's more general than 'physique'.
容姿 (ようし) means 'looks' or 'appearance', often referring to facial features and overall beauty.
22.こんなに夜遅くまでおきていると、明日の仕事に( )よ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
差し支える (さしつかえる) means 'to hinder', 'to interfere with', or 'to be a problem for'. The sentence means 'If you stay up this late, it will interfere with tomorrow's work'.
Why other options are incorrect:
かかわり合う (かかわりあう) means 'to be involved with' or 'to be concerned with'.
割り込む (わりこむ) means 'to cut in' or 'to interrupt'.
引っかかる (ひっかかる) means 'to get caught' or 'to be deceived'.
問題5__の言葉に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
23.文字のサイズを<u>そろえてく</u>ださい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
揃える (そろえる) means 'to make uniform', 'to arrange', or 'to make even'. In this context, '文字のサイズを揃える' means 'to make the font sizes uniform' or 'to make them the same'.
Why other options are incorrect:
大きくする (おおきくする) means 'to make bigger'.
調べる (しらべる) means 'to check' or 'to investigate'.
教える (おしえる) means 'to teach' or 'to tell'.
24.中野氏は、古い工場が取り壊されて空いた土地を<u>買いしめた</u>そうだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
買い占める (かいしめる) means 'to buy up' or 'to corner the market', implying buying all or a large quantity of something. In this context, it means 'bought all of it'.
Why other options are incorrect:
無理に買う (むりにかう) means 'to buy forcibly' or 'to buy against one's will'.
安く買う (やすくかう) means 'to buy cheaply'.
さっそく買う (さっそくかう) means 'to buy immediately'.
25.出発<u>間際に</u>、妹から電話がかかってきた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
間際 (まぎわ) means 'just before' or 'on the verge of'. 出発間際 (しゅっぱつまぎわ) means 'just before departure', which is synonymous with 直前 (ちょくぜん).
Why other options are incorrect:
直後 (ちょくご) means 'immediately after'.
当日 (とうじつ) means 'the day itself'.
前日 (ぜんじつ) means 'the day before'.
26.薬を飲んだら<u>たちまち</u>痛みが治まった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
たちまち (tachimachi) means 'instantly', 'immediately', or 'in a moment'. It is synonymous with すぐに (sugu ni).
Why other options are incorrect:
すっかり (sukkari) means 'completely' or 'entirely'.
やっと (yatto) means 'at last' or 'finally'.
たしかに (tashika ni) means 'certainly' or 'surely'.
27. もう<u>お勘定は済ましました</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
お勘定を済ます (おかんじょうをすます) means 'to settle the bill' or 'to pay the bill'. Therefore, it means 'I have already paid the money'.
Why other options are incorrect:
料理を注文する (りょうりをちゅうもんする) means 'to order food'.
店を予約する (みせをよやくする) means 'to reserve a restaurant'.
店員を呼ぶ (てんいんをよぶ) means 'to call a staff member'.
問題6 次の言葉の使い方として最もよいものを、1、2,3、4から一つ選びなさい。
28. 頑丈
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
頑丈 (がんじょう) means 'sturdy', 'durable', or 'solid'. The sentence 'このいすはとても頑丈で、少しくらい乱暴に扱っても壊れません。' (This chair is very sturdy, so it won't break even if handled a bit roughly.) correctly uses 頑丈 to describe the physical durability of an object.
Why other options are incorrect:
頑丈 is not used to describe someone's stubbornness or unwillingness to change opinions. 頑固 (がんこ) would be more appropriate.
頑丈 describes physical strength, not the strictness or security of management. 厳重 (げんじゅう) would be more appropriate for 'strict management'.
頑丈 is not used for abstract concepts like 'trust relationship'. 強い (つよい - strong) or 固い (かたい - firm) would be more appropriate.
29.畳む
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
畳む (たたむ) means 'to fold'. The sentence 'この上着は小さく畳むことができるので、旅行に持っていくのに便利だ。' (This jacket can be folded small, so it's convenient to take on trips.) correctly uses 畳む in the sense of folding clothes.
Why other options are incorrect:
While paper is folded to make a crane, the verb used is usually 折る (おる - to fold paper for origami), not 畳む, which implies folding something flat like clothes or blankets.
髪を畳む is incorrect. For hair, you would use 結ぶ (むすぶ - to tie) or まとめる (まとめる - to put up/gather).
腕を畳む is incorrect. For folding arms, you would use 腕を組む (うでをくむ - to cross one's arms).
30.合図
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
合図 (あいず) means 'signal' or 'sign'. The sentence 'スタートの合図で、選手たちは一斉に走り出した。' (At the start signal, the athletes all started running at once.) correctly uses 合図 for a signal to begin.
Why other options are incorrect:
合図 is for a direct signal, not a notification or announcement. 連絡 (れんらく - contact/notification) or 知らせ (しらせ - notice) would be more appropriate.
合図 is an intentional signal. For traces or signs left by animals, 痕跡 (こんせき - traces) or 足跡 (あしあと - footprints) would be more appropriate.
合図 is a signal. For marking a spot to remember it, 目印 (めじるし - landmark/marker) would be more appropriate.
31.こつこつ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
こつこつ (kotsukotsu) is an adverb meaning 'steadily', 'diligently', or 'bit by bit'. The sentence '資格をとるために、この一年間、毎日こつこつと勉強をしてきた。' (To get the qualification, I have been studying diligently every day for this past year.) correctly uses こつこつ to describe continuous, steady effort.
Why other options are incorrect:
こつこつ is not used for gradual understanding. だんだん (dandan - gradually) or 少しずつ (sukoshi zutsu - little by little) would be more appropriate.
こつこつ is not used for eating carefully due to heat. ゆっくり (yukkuri - slowly) or 少しずつ (sukoshi zutsu - little by little) would be more appropriate.
こつこつ is not used for gradual temperature increase. だんだん (dandan - gradually) or 徐々に (じょじょに - gradually) would be more appropriate.
32 縮む
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
縮む (ちぢむ) means 'to shrink' (e.g., clothes), 'to contract', or 'to shorten'. The sentence '洗濯物でセーターを洗ったら、縮んで着られなくなった。' (When I washed the sweater with the laundry, it shrank and became unwearable.) correctly uses 縮む for clothes shrinking.
Why other options are incorrect:
For a box collapsing under weight, 潰れる (つぶれる - to be crushed/collapse) would be more appropriate than 縮む.
For a pencil becoming short from use, 短くなる (みじかくなる - to become short) or 減る (へる - to decrease) would be more appropriate than 縮む.
For a garden becoming smaller due to rebuilding, 狭くなる (せまくなる - to become narrow/small) or 減る (へる - to decrease) would be more appropriate than 縮む.
問題7 次の分の( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1、2、3、4から一つ選び なさい。
33.料理の本に書いてある( )作ってもみたのだが、なぜかうまくいかなかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~とおりに (toori ni) means 'as...; in the way that...'. It indicates doing something exactly as described or instructed. The sentence means 'I tried cooking exactly as written in the cookbook, but for some reason, it didn't go well'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~ようで (you de) means 'it seems like' or 'it looks like', indicating appearance or conjecture, not exact adherence.
~のもとで (no moto de) means 'under (the guidance of)' or 'under (the condition of)', not suitable for 'as written'.
ほとに is not a standard grammatical pattern in this context. It doesn't fit 'as written'.
34.村田「青木くんって、本当に面白い人だよね。」 西野 「うん。彼、人を笑わせることに( )天オだからね。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~にかけては (ni kakete wa) means 'when it comes to...' or 'as far as... is concerned'. It highlights a particular area where someone excels. The sentence means 'Yes, when it comes to making people laugh, he's a genius'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~に向けては (ni mukete wa) means 'towards' or 'for the purpose of', not suitable for 'when it comes to'.
~に沿っては (ni sotte wa) means 'along' or 'in accordance with', not suitable for 'when it comes to'.
~にわたっては (ni watatte wa) means 'over' or 'throughout' (a range or period), not suitable for 'when it comes to'.
35.山田「私、青木先輩のようにカメラマンの仕事をしたいと思っている ぜひ青木先輩のお話を( )いただけないでしょうか。」 青木「ああ、かまわないよ。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
聞かせていただく (kikasete itadaku) is a humble request meaning 'Could you please let me hear/tell me?'. It's the causative-passive form of 聞く (kiku - to hear/ask) used politely. Yamada wants Aoki to *let* her hear his story. The sentence means 'I want to do a photographer's job like Aoki-senpai. Could you please let me hear your story?'
Why other options are incorrect:
聞いて (kiite) is the te-form of 聞く, meaning 'to listen' or 'to ask'. While grammatically possible, it lacks the nuance of requesting someone to *allow* you to hear their story, which is implied by the context of seeking advice from a senior.
聞けて (kikete) is the potential te-form of 聞く, meaning 'can hear'. It doesn't fit the context of a request.
聞かれて (kikarete) is the passive te-form of 聞く, meaning 'to be asked/heard'. It doesn't fit the context of a request.
36.今回の京都旅行は、天気が悪い日が多かったが、行きたかったお寺には行けたし、( ) 楽しめた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
それなりに (sorenari ni) means 'in its own way', 'as much as possible under the circumstances', or 'to a certain extent'. It implies that despite some drawbacks (bad weather), the trip was enjoyable to a reasonable degree. The sentence means 'Although there were many bad weather days on this Kyoto trip, I was able to visit the temples I wanted to, and I enjoyed it in its own way'.
Why other options are incorrect:
そのうえ (sono ue) means 'in addition' or 'furthermore', used to add more information, not to qualify the extent of enjoyment despite a negative condition.
そのころに (sono koro ni) means 'around that time'.
それどころか (soredokoroka) means 'on the contrary' or 'far from it', used to introduce a contrasting or even more extreme situation.
37. バス停に着いたとき、出発時刻の1時間前に空港に着くバスがちょうど来たので( )が、満員で乗れず、結局、飛行機に間に合わなかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~ようとした (you to shita) means 'was about to do something' or 'tried to do something'. The sentence describes an attempt to board the bus that failed because it was full. The sentence means 'When I arrived at the bus stop, the bus that would get me to the airport an hour before departure time just arrived, and I was about to get on, but it was full and I couldn't, so in the end, I missed my flight'.
Why other options are incorrect:
乗っている途中だった (notte iru tochuu datta) means 'was in the middle of riding'. This implies they were already on the bus, which contradicts the rest of the sentence.
乗ったところだ (notta tokoro da) means 'just got on'. This also implies they successfully boarded, which contradicts the sentence.
乗っているつもりだった (notte iru tsumori datta) means 'intended to be riding' or 'thought I was riding'. This doesn't fit the immediate action of the bus arriving and the attempt to board.
38.友達の中には、仕事が休みの日はすることがなくて、暇( )と言う人もい る。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
暇でしょうがない (hima de shou ga nai) means 'so bored that one can't help it' or 'extremely bored'. ~てしょうがない (te shou ga nai) expresses that a feeling or state is unbearable or extremely strong. The sentence means 'Among my friends, there are some who say they have nothing to do on their days off and are extremely bored'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~そうにない (sou ni nai) means 'unlikely to' or 'doesn't look like'. 暇そうにない (hima sou ni nai) would mean 'doesn't look bored'.
~にすぎない (ni suginai) means 'nothing more than' or 'merely'. 暇にすぎない (hima ni suginai) would mean 'merely bored', which doesn't convey the strong feeling.
~すらない (sura nai) means 'not even'. 暇すらない (hima sura nai) would mean 'not even bored', which is the opposite meaning.
39.森田「村山さん、Y社の川西部長が( )。会議室でお待ちです。」 村山「わかりました。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
見えました (miemashita) is the honorific form of 来ました (kimashita - came) or 現れました (arawaremashita - appeared), used when a superior or guest arrives. It means 'has arrived' or 'has appeared'. The sentence means 'Mr. Murayama, Mr. Kawase, the 部長 (buchou: department head) from Y Company, has arrived. He is waiting in the conference room'.
Why other options are incorrect:
参りました (mairimashita) is the humble form of 来ました (kimashita - came) or 行きました (ikimashita - went), used by the speaker about themselves or their in-group, not about a guest.
承りました (uketamawarimashita) is the humble form of 聞きました (kikimashita - heard) or 引き受けました (hikiukemashita - accepted), used when humbly receiving something (information, order).
伺いました (ukagaimashita) is the humble form of 聞きました (kikimashita - asked/heard) or 訪ねました (tazunemashita - visited), used by the speaker about themselves or their in-group.
40.医者「明日になっても熱が下がらない( )、この薬を飲んでください。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~ようであれば (you de areba) means 'if it seems that...' or 'if it appears that...'. It indicates a conditional based on appearance or situation. The sentence means 'If your fever doesn't go down even by tomorrow, please take this medicine'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~からであれば (kara de areba) means 'if it's because of...', indicating a reason, which doesn't fit the conditional context.
~というようには (to iu you ni wa) means 'in the way that...' or 'as if to say...', not suitable for a conditional statement.
~というからには (to iu kara ni wa) means 'since (one says/it is said that)...' or 'now that (it is said that)...', indicating a strong reason or premise, not a simple conditional.
41.(歌の練習で) 先生「最初は、緊張して大きな声で歌えないと思います。でも、( )だんだん大きな声で歌えるようになりますよ。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~うちに (uchi ni) means 'while' or 'during the course of'. 練習していくうちに (renshuu shite iku uchi ni) means 'as you continue practicing' or 'in the course of practicing'. It indicates a change that happens gradually over time. The sentence means 'At first, you might be nervous and unable to sing loudly. But as you continue practicing, you'll gradually be able to sing louder'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~てでも (te demo) means 'even if one has to...' or 'by all means', indicating a strong determination, which doesn't fit the context of a natural progression.
~のに対して (no ni taishite) means 'in contrast to' or 'whereas', used for comparison.
~のに比べて (no ni kurabete) means 'compared to', used for comparison.
42.監督「みんな、今日は本当によくやった。この調子であしたの決勝戦もがんばろう。おれたちが勝って世間を( )じゃないか。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~させてやる (sasete yaru) is a causative form meaning 'to make someone do something' or 'to let someone do something', often with a nuance of doing it for one's own satisfaction or to show off. 驚かせてやろう (odorokasete yarou) means 'Let's surprise the world (by winning)'. The coach is encouraging his team to win and impress everyone. The sentence means 'Everyone, you did really well today. Let's keep this up and do our best in tomorrow's final match. Let's win and surprise the world, shall we?'
Why other options are incorrect:
驚いて (odoroite) is the te-form of 驚く (to be surprised), not causative. This would mean 'Let's be surprised', which doesn't fit.
驚いてもらおう (odoroite moraou) means 'Let's have them be surprised (for our benefit)', which is grammatically awkward and doesn't convey the active 'surprising' intent.
驚かせてもらおう (odorokasete moraou) means 'Let's have them be surprised (by us)', but the nuance of もらう (morau) implies receiving a favor, which is not suitable for the coach's strong, active encouragement to surprise the world.
43.会議は9時開始の予定だったが、開始時刻までに来たのは3人だけだった。遅れてきた人に理由を聞いたら、開始時刻が正しく( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
伝わっていなかったらしい (tsutawatte inakatta rashii) means 'it seems it hadn't been conveyed'. 伝わる (tsutawaru) is the intransitive verb meaning 'to be conveyed' or 'to be communicated'. The passive form is appropriate here because the time was not conveyed *to* them. The sentence means 'The meeting was scheduled to start at 9, but only 3 people arrived by the start time. When I asked those who were late for the reason, it seems the start time hadn't been correctly conveyed'.
Why other options are incorrect:
伝わらないはずだった (tsutawaranai hazu datta) means 'it shouldn't have been conveyed', which implies it was intentionally not conveyed or impossible to convey, not that it simply wasn't.
伝えなかったらしい (tsutaenakatta rashii) means 'it seems they didn't convey it'. This uses the transitive verb 伝える (tsutaeru - to convey) and implies someone *failed* to convey it, which is possible but less direct than the passive form focusing on the information itself not being conveyed.
伝えていないはずだった (tsutaete inai hazu datta) means 'it shouldn't have been conveyed (by someone)', similar to option 1, implying intent or expectation of non-conveyance.
44.妹「お姉ちゃん、パソコン貸して。」 姉「いいよ。 あ、あとで私も使うから、電源は( )。」 妹「わかった。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~たままにしておく (ta mama ni shite oku) means 'to leave something in a certain state'. 電源を入れたままにしておいて (dengen o ireta mama ni shite oite) means 'leave the power on'. The sister wants the power to remain on because she will use it later. The sentence means 'Little sister: "Big sister, can I borrow your computer?" Big sister: "Sure. Oh, I'll use it later too, so please leave the power on." Little sister: "Okay."'.
Why other options are incorrect:
入れてからにする (irete kara ni suru) means 'to turn it on first', which doesn't fit the context of leaving it on after use.
入れたつもりでいる (ireta tsumori de iru) means 'to intend to turn it on' or 'to think one has turned it on', which doesn't fit the instruction.
入れなきゃならなくて (irenakya naranakute) means 'have to turn it on', which is a statement of necessity, not an instruction to leave it on.
問題8 次の文の__★__ に入る最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
45.A「じゃあ、そろそろ帰るね。お茶、ごちそうさまでした。」 B「え、もう帰るの? せっかく___ _★_ ___ ___いいのに。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct sentence order is `せっかく来たんだから、もう少しゆっくりしていけばいいのに。`. The phrase `せっかく~のに` means 'even though/since (something good happened), it's a shame that...'. Here, B is saying 'Since you came all this way, it would be nice if you stayed a bit longer'. The star part is `もう少し` (mou sukoshi), meaning 'a little more'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the end of the conditional clause, not the star part.
This is the beginning of the reason clause, not the star part.
This is part of the main verb phrase, but not the star part.
46. レポートを作成___ ___ _★_ ___ことは、事実なのか意見なのかを明確 にすることだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct sentence order is `レポートを作成する上で注意すべきことは、事実なのか意見なのかを明確にすることだ。`. The phrase `~する上で` means 'when doing something' or 'in the process of doing something'. `注意すべきこと` means 'things to be careful about'. The sentence means 'When writing a report, what you should be careful about is making it clear whether something is a fact or an opinion'. The star part is `注意` (chuui), meaning 'caution' or 'attention'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is part of the grammatical structure, not the star part.
This is part of the verb phrase, not the star part.
This is part of the grammatical structure, not the star part.
47.私は、どんなに___ ___ _★_ ___
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct sentence order is `私は、どんなにつらいことがあってもそんな様子を全く見せずいつもにこにこしている石川さんを尊敬している。`. The sentence means 'I respect Mr. Ishikawa, who always smiles, no matter how difficult things are, without showing any sign of it.' The star part is `いつもにこにこしている` (itsumo nikoniko shite iru), meaning 'always smiling'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the beginning of the conditional clause, not the star part.
This is the main clause, not the star part.
This is part of the modifying clause, not the star part.
48. A「サラリーマンから農家___ ___ _★_ ___があるんだね。」 B「自分の夢をどうしてもあきらめきれなくてね。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct sentence order is `サラリーマンから農家になるとは、ずいぶん勇気があるんだね。`. The phrase `~になるとは` means 'to become (something), that's...' or 'the fact that one becomes (something)'. `ずいぶん勇気がある` means 'to have a lot of courage'. The sentence means 'To become a farmer from a salaryman, that takes a lot of courage, doesn't it?' The star part is `ずいぶん` (zuibun), meaning 'quite' or 'very'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the noun modified by ずいぶん, not the star part.
This is part of the grammatical structure, not the star part.
This is part of the verb phrase, not the star part.
49. A「昨日、また仕事で失敗しちゃったんだよね。この仕事、私には向いていな いんだろうね。やっぱり転職しようかな。」 B「私は反対しないよ。本当に向いていないと___ ___ _★_ ___思うから ね。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct sentence order is `本当に向いていないと思うんだったら、続けることもないと思うからね。`. The phrase `~んだったら` means 'if (it's the case that)'. `~こともない` means 'there's no need to' or 'it's not necessary to'. The sentence means 'A: "Yesterday, I messed up at work again. This job probably isn't for me, is it? Maybe I should change jobs." B: "I won't object. Because if you really think it's not for you, there's no need to continue, you know."'. The star part is `続ける` (tsuzukeru), meaning 'to continue'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is part of the grammatical structure, not the star part.
This is part of the verb phrase, not the star part.
This is part of the conditional clause, not the star part.
問題9 次の文章を読んで、文章全体の内容を考えて、 50 から 54 の中に入る最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
Reading Passage
質問
田舎にキャンプに行ったとき、夜空には無数の星があり、本当にきれいでした。毎晩あんな空が見たいと思っても、私の街では月しか見えません。都会で星は見られないのでしょうか。(東京・14歳女子)
回答
都会で星が見えないのは、夜の街の照明が空気中のちりなどに当たって起こる「光害」という公害によるものです。「『光害』と言われても、夜は照明なしで生活できないから、都会で星を見るのはあきらめよう」とあなたは【50】しかし、あきらめる前に少し考えてみてください。照明の登場で夜も明るくなり、人々の生活は安全で便利になりましたが、都会の夜の明るさは必要以上だと思いませんか。また、【51】を受けているのは人間だけです。昼は明るく、夜は暗いという自然のリズムがくずれ、植物や動物に大きな影響を与えています。
夜、照明を使わなければ、光害はなくなります。【52】東京のような大都会で夜にまったく照明を使わずに生活するのは現実的に不可能です。そこで、照明を目的に合わせて適切に使うことが、光害対策として重要になります。すでに現在、環境省が定めた光害対策の方針の下、道を照らすなら上方向に光がもれないようにするなとの取り組みが【53】。
私たちも不要な照明はすぐに消すなど、常に適切な量の光を使おうと意識して行動していく必要があります。時間はかかるかもしれませんが、あなたの街でもキャンプの夜に見たような星が見られるように【54】。
English Summary & Annotations
【50】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence before the blank is the author anticipating the reader's likely thought. `思うかもしれません` (omou kamoshiremasen) means 'you might think', which perfectly fits the context of acknowledging a common viewpoint before offering a counter-argument.
Why other options are incorrect:
思ってはいけません (omotte wa ikemasen) means 'you must not think', which is too strong and prescriptive for the context.
思わねばなりません (omowaneba narimasen) means 'you must think', which is the opposite of the intended meaning.
思わなくてもいいです (omawanakute mo ii desu) means 'you don't have to think', which doesn't fit the context of anticipating a common thought.
【51】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The preceding sentence discusses how lighting has made life safer and more convenient for people. The blank refers to what humans are receiving. `その恩恵` (sono onkei) means 'that benefit' or 'that blessing', which fits perfectly as the passage then explains the negative impact on plants and animals, implying that only humans receive the *benefits* of excessive lighting.
Why other options are incorrect:
どちらも影響 (dochira mo eikyou) means 'both effects', which doesn't fit the context of only humans receiving something.
あのような害 (ano you na gai) means 'that kind of harm'. This is the opposite of what humans are receiving (benefits).
こちらの照明 (kochira no shoumei) means 'this lighting here', which is too specific and doesn't fit the grammatical structure or meaning.
【52】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence before the blank states an ideal solution (no lights), while the sentence after states a practical impossibility. `とはいえ` (to wa ie) means 'although that is true', 'nevertheless', or 'however'. This conjunction perfectly connects the ideal with the practical impossibility.
Why other options are incorrect:
つまり (tsumari) means 'in other words' or 'that is to say', used for summarizing or rephrasing.
ところで (tokorode) means 'by the way', used to change the topic.
しかも (shikamo) means 'moreover' or 'furthermore', used to add more information that reinforces or adds to the previous statement, not to contradict it.
【53】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence describes ongoing efforts to combat light pollution. `行われています` (okonawarete imasu) means 'are being carried out' or 'are underway'. This is the most natural and grammatically correct way to state that these efforts are currently happening.
Why other options are incorrect:
行われるためです (okonawareru tame desu) means 'it is for the purpose of being carried out', which is grammatically awkward and doesn't fit the flow.
行われるという点です (okonawareru to iu ten desu) means 'it is the point that it will be carried out', which is too formal and doesn't fit the simple statement of ongoing action.
行われているとします (okonawarete iru to shimasu) means 'let's assume it is being carried out', which implies a hypothesis, not a statement of fact.
【54】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The concluding sentence expresses a hope for the future. `なるといいですね` (naru to ii desu ne) means 'it would be good if it becomes' or 'I hope it becomes'. This is a common expression for expressing hope or desire.
Why other options are incorrect:
なると言えるでしょうか (naru to ieru deshou ka) means 'can it be said that it will become?', which is a question of possibility, not an expression of hope.
なっているとよかったのです (natte iru to yokatta no desu) means 'it would have been good if it were (already) like that', expressing regret about the past or present, not hope for the future.
なってほしかったのでしょう (natte hoshikatta no deshou) means 'it was probably desired that it become like that', which is a conjecture about past desire, not a present hope.