JLPT N2 Letters and Vocabulary, Grammar test
問題1: ___の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
1. 青木さんってちょっと<u>幼い</u>ところがあるよね。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The kanji 幼い means 'childish' or 'immature'. Its correct reading is おさない (osanai). The sentence means 'Aoki-san has a somewhat childish side, doesn't he?'
Why other options are incorrect:
くどい (kudoi) means 'verbose', 'repetitive', or 'heavy (taste)'.
ずるい (zurui) means 'cunning', 'sly', or 'unfair'.
しつこい (shitsukoi) means 'persistent', 'nagging', or 'insistent'.
2. しっかり<u>握って</u>ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The kanji 握って is the te-form of 握る, which means 'to grasp' or 'to hold firmly'. Its correct reading is にぎって (nigitte). The sentence means 'Please hold it firmly.'
Why other options are incorrect:
ふって (futte) is the te-form of 振る, meaning 'to shake' or 'to wave'.
こすって (kosutte) is the te-form of 擦る, meaning 'to rub' or 'to chafe'.
ほって (hotte) is the te-form of 掘る (to dig) or 放る (to throw, to abandon).
3. 空気が入らないようにきちんと<u>密閉</u>してください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The kanji 密閉 means 'sealing' or 'airtight'. Its correct reading is みっぺい (mippei). The sentence means 'Please seal it properly so that air doesn't get in.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 密閉.
This is an incorrect reading for 密閉.
This is an incorrect reading for 密閉.
4. かなりの時間をかけてテーマを<u>絞った</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The kanji 絞った is the past tense of 絞る, which means 'to narrow down' or 'to focus'. Its correct reading is しぼった (shibotta). The sentence means 'I spent a considerable amount of time narrowing down the theme.'
Why other options are incorrect:
けずった (kezutta) is the past tense of 削る, meaning 'to shave off' or 'to reduce'.
さぐった (sagutta) is the past tense of 探る, meaning 'to search' or 'to probe'.
うかがった (ukagatta) is the past tense of 伺う, a humble form of 'to visit' or 'to ask'.
5. この線に対して<u>垂直</u>な線を引いてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The kanji 垂直 means 'vertical' or 'perpendicular'. Its correct reading is すいちょく (suichoku). The sentence means 'Please draw a line perpendicular to this line.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 垂直.
This is an incorrect reading for 垂直.
This is an incorrect reading for 垂直.
問題2 の 言葉を漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
6. 今朝は寒くて、池が<u>こおった</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The hiragana こおった means 'froze'. The correct kanji for this is 凍った (kootta). The sentence means 'It was cold this morning, and the pond froze.'
Why other options are incorrect:
結った (yutta) is the past tense of 結う, meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.
固った (katamatta) is the past tense of 固まる, meaning 'to harden' or 'to solidify'. The form 固った is not standard for 'froze'.
冷った (hietta) is the past tense of 冷える, meaning 'to get cold' or 'to chill'. While related to cold, it doesn't mean 'froze'.
7. エネルギー問題についての<u>とうろん</u>が行われた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The hiragana とうろん means 'debate' or 'discussion'. The correct kanji for this is 討論 (tōron). The sentence means 'A debate was held about energy issues.'
Why other options are incorrect:
党論 (tōron) means 'party theory' or 'party argument', which is not suitable in this context.
討議 (tōgi) also means 'discussion' or 'deliberation', but 討論 (tōron) is more commonly used for a formal debate or discussion of a specific issue.
党議 (tōgi) means 'party decision' or 'party council', which is not suitable in this context.
8. 私たちの団体は、傷ついた動物を<u>すくう</u>活動をしています。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The hiragana すくう means 'to save' or 'to rescue'. The correct kanji for this is 救う (sukuu). The sentence means 'Our organization is engaged in activities to rescue injured animals.'
Why other options are incorrect:
治う is not a standard Japanese word. The verb 'to heal' or 'to cure' is 治る (naoru) or 治す (naosu).
助う is not a standard Japanese word. The verb 'to help' or 'to assist' is 助ける (tasukeru).
療う is not a standard Japanese word. The kanji 療 is used in words like 治療 (chiryou: medical treatment).
9. CDの売れ行きは<u>こうちょう</u>だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The hiragana こうちょう means 'favorable' or 'in good condition'. The correct kanji for this is 好調 (kōchō). The sentence means 'CD sales are favorable/doing well.'
Why other options are incorrect:
快調 (kaichō) also means 'smooth' or 'in good condition', but 好調 (kōchō) is more commonly used for business performance or sales.
好長 is an incorrect kanji combination for こうちょう.
快長 is an incorrect kanji combination for こうちょう.
10. この機械は<u>えいきゅう</u>に動くわけではない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The hiragana えいきゅう means 'eternity' or 'permanence'. The correct kanji for this is 永久 (eikyū). The sentence means 'This machine will not run forever.'
Why other options are incorrect:
延久 is an incorrect kanji combination for えいきゅう.
永遠 (eien) also means 'eternity', but 永久 (eikyū) is more commonly used when referring to something lasting indefinitely, especially in a physical or mechanical context.
延遠 is an incorrect kanji combination for えいきゅう.
問題3 ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
11. 4月中にご入会になると、( )年度の会費が無料になります。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct word to complete the phrase 'first year' is 初 (hatsu/sho), forming 初年度 (shonendo). The sentence means 'If you join in April, the membership fee for the first year will be free.'
Why other options are incorrect:
発 (hatsu) means 'start' or 'departure', not typically used to mean 'first' in this context.
開 (kai) means 'open', which does not fit the context of 'first year'.
頭 (tō/zu) means 'head' or 'top', which does not fit the context of 'first year'.
12. 今の社長は、( ) 社長より15歳も若い。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct word to mean 'former' or 'previous' in the context of a position like 'president' is 前 (mae), forming 前社長 (mae-shachō). The sentence means 'The current president is 15 years younger than the former president.'
Why other options are incorrect:
先 (saki) can mean 'previous' or 'ahead', but 前 (mae) is more commonly used for 'former' in titles.
昨 (saku) means 'last' and is typically used with time units like 昨年 (sakunen: last year) or 昨日 (kinō: yesterday).
去 (kyo) means 'past' and is also typically used with time units like 去年 (kyonen: last year).
13. ここは会員( )のスポーツクラブだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct word to form 'membership system' is 制 (sei), forming 会員制 (kaiinsei). The sentence means 'This is a membership-based sports club.'
Why other options are incorrect:
令 (rei) means 'order' or 'command', which does not fit the context.
則 (soku) means 'rule' or 'law', which does not fit the context of a 'membership system'.
形 (kei) means 'shape' or 'form', which does not fit the context.
14. 休日の公園は家族 ( )でいっぱいだった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct word to mean 'accompanied by' or 'with' in the context of family is 連れ (tsure), forming 家族連れ (kazokutsure). The sentence means 'The park on holidays was full of families.'
Why other options are incorrect:
込み (komi) means 'crowded' or 'included', not 'accompanied by'.
付き (tsuki) means 'attached' or 'with', but is not typically used in this compound form for 'accompanied by family'.
伴い (tomoinai) is the continuative form of 伴う (tomounau), meaning 'to accompany', but it's a verb and doesn't fit as a noun compound here.
15. 前の席の人は石川さんのような気がするが、( )後ろからでは顔が見えない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct word to mean 'directly' or 'right' in the context of direction is 真 (ma), forming 真後ろ (maushiro). The sentence means 'I feel like the person in the front seat is Ishikawa-san, but I can't see their face from directly behind.'
Why other options are incorrect:
本 (hon) means 'main' or 'true', not used to indicate 'directly' in direction.
正 (sei) means 'correct' or 'proper', which does not fit the context.
完 (kan) means 'complete' or 'perfect', which does not fit the context.
問題4 ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
16. 骨を丈夫にするために、カルシウムを( )含む食品をとるようにしている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
豊富に (hōfu ni) means 'abundantly' or 'richly'. It fits the context of consuming foods that contain a lot of calcium. The sentence means 'To strengthen my bones, I try to eat foods that are rich in calcium.'
Why other options are incorrect:
鮮明に (senmei ni) means 'clearly' or 'vividly', which is not applicable to food content.
活発に (kappatsu ni) means 'actively' or 'lively', which is not applicable to food content.
円満に (enman ni) means 'harmoniously' or 'smoothly', which is not applicable to food content.
17. 今週は、暑くも寒くもなく、強い風も吹かず、( ) 天気が続いている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
穏やかな (odayaka na) means 'calm', 'gentle', or 'mild'. It is the most appropriate adjective to describe weather that is neither hot nor cold and without strong winds. The sentence means 'This week, the calm weather continues, neither hot nor cold, and without strong winds.'
Why other options are incorrect:
柔らかな (yawaraka na) means 'soft' or 'tender', typically used for texture, not weather.
滑らかな (nameraka na) means 'smooth' or 'fluent', typically used for surfaces or speech, not weather.
緩やかな (yuruyaka na) means 'loose', 'gentle' (e.g., a gentle slope or pace), but not typically used for general weather conditions.
18. 資格試験がもうすぐあるのに、最近仕事が忙しくて、毎朝の勉強時間を十分に( )するのが難し
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
確保 (kakuho) means 'to secure' or 'to ensure'. It fits the context of making sure to have enough study time. The sentence means 'Even though the qualification exam is coming up soon, work has been busy lately, making it difficult to sufficiently secure study time every morning.'
Why other options are incorrect:
制作 (seisaku) means 'production' or 'creation' (e.g., of a film or artwork).
保存 (hozon) means 'preservation' or 'storage'.
作成 (sakusei) means 'creation' or 'drawing up' (e.g., of documents or plans).
19. 雑誌に新しい広告を出して、わが社の商品の良さを消費者にもっと ( ) したい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
アピール (apīru) is a loanword meaning 'appeal' or 'attract'. It fits the context of wanting to make consumers more aware of the product's good qualities. The sentence means 'We want to put out new advertisements in magazines and appeal more to consumers about the quality of our company's products.'
Why other options are incorrect:
インストール (insutōru) means 'install' (e.g., software).
チャージ (chāji) means 'charge' (e.g., battery, fee).
セット (setto) means 'set' (e.g., a set of items, to set something).
20. 失敗したことを( )より、気持ちを切り替えて、明日からまたがんばろうと思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
悔やむ (kuyamu) means 'to regret' or 'to lament'. It fits the context of moving on from a failure. The sentence means 'Rather than regretting the failure, I'm going to change my mindset and try my best again starting tomorrow.'
Why other options are incorrect:
断る (kotowaru) means 'to refuse' or 'to decline'.
疑う (utagau) means 'to doubt' or 'to suspect'.
あきらめる (akirameru) means 'to give up'. While related to failure, 'regretting' fits the nuance of the sentence better than 'giving up' on the failure itself.
21. わが社が海外への進出を考える( )となったのは、二年前の国際イベントだった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
契機 (keiki) means 'opportunity', 'trigger', or 'turning point'. It fits the context of an event that prompted the company to consider overseas expansion. The sentence means 'The trigger for our company to consider expanding overseas was an international event two years ago.'
Why other options are incorrect:
先端 (sentan) means 'tip' or 'cutting edge'.
始発 (shihatsu) means 'first train/bus' or 'starting point (of a line)'.
合図 (aizu) means 'signal' or 'sign'.
22. あの二人はさっきから( )話しているが、他人に聞かれては困る話なのだろうか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ひそひそ (hisohiso) is an onomatopoeic word meaning 'whispering' or 'secretly'. It fits the context of talking quietly so others don't hear. The sentence means 'Those two have been whispering for a while now; I wonder if it's a conversation they don't want others to hear.'
Why other options are incorrect:
ぐっすり (gussuri) means 'soundly' (e.g., sleeping soundly).
うろうろ (urouro) means 'loitering' or 'wandering aimlessly'.
ばっさり (bassari) means 'decisively' or 'cuttingly' (e.g., cutting hair short, cutting off a relationship).
問題5 ____の言葉に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
23. 最近は生産が<u>過剰である</u>ことが問題になっている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
過剰である (kajō de aru) means 'to be excessive' or 'to be in surplus'. The closest meaning among the options is 多すぎる (ō sugiru), meaning 'too much' or 'too many'. The sentence means 'Recently, excessive production has become a problem.'
Why other options are incorrect:
早すぎる (haya sugiru) means 'too early'.
少なすぎる (sukuna sugiru) means 'too little' or 'too few'.
遅すぎる (oso sugiru) means 'too late'.
24. もし資料に<u>あやまりが</u>あったら知らせてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
あやまりが (ayamari ga) comes from 誤り (ayamari), meaning 'error' or 'mistake'. The closest meaning among the options is 間違っているところ (machigatte iru tokoro), meaning 'wrong parts' or 'mistakes'. The sentence means 'Please let me know if there are any errors in the document.'
Why other options are incorrect:
読みにくいところ (yominikui tokoro) means 'parts that are difficult to read'.
汚れているところ (yogorete iru tokoro) means 'parts that are dirty'.
わかりにくいところ (wakarinikui tokoro) means 'parts that are difficult to understand'.
25. うちの子は<u>臆病だ</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
臆病だ (okubyō da) means 'timid', 'cowardly', or 'easily scared'. The closest meaning among the options is 何でも怖がる (nandemo kowagaru), meaning 'scared of everything'. The sentence means 'My child is timid.'
Why other options are incorrect:
よく病気をする (yoku byōki o suru) means 'gets sick often'.
何でも忘れる (nandemo wasureru) means 'forgets everything'.
よく泣く (yoku naku) means 'cries often'.
26. 高橋さんなら<u>とっくに</u>帰りましたよ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
とっくに (tokkuni) means 'long ago', 'already', or 'by far'. The closest meaning among the options is ずっと前に (zutto mae ni), meaning 'a long time ago'. The sentence means 'If it's Takahashi-san, he went home a long time ago.'
Why other options are incorrect:
一人で (hitori de) means 'alone'.
あわてて (awatete) means 'in a hurry' or 'flustered'.
何も持たずに (nani mo motazu ni) means 'without holding anything'.
27. あの自転車は弟に<u>ゆずりました</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ゆずりました (yuzurimashita) is the past tense of 譲る, meaning 'to hand over', 'to give away', or 'to concede'. The closest meaning among the options is あげました (agemashita), meaning 'gave'. The sentence means 'I gave that bicycle to my younger brother.'
Why other options are incorrect:
貸しました (kashimashita) means 'lent'.
もらいました (moraimashita) means 'received'.
借りました (karimashita) means 'borrowed'.
問題6 次の言葉の使い方として最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
28. <u>頂上</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
頂上 (chōjō) primarily refers to the 'summit' or 'peak' of a mountain. Option 2 correctly uses 頂上 to mean the summit of a mountain: 'After about 5 hours of climbing the mountain, we finally reached the summit.'
Why other options are incorrect:
頂上 is not typically used for the 'top of the sky'. 天頂 (tenchō: zenith) or 空のてっぺん (sora no teppen: very top of the sky) would be more natural.
頂上 is not used for the 'top of a house' or 'ceiling'. 屋根裏 (yaneura: attic) or 天井 (tenjō: ceiling) would be more appropriate.
頂上 is not used for the 'top of a bookshelf'. 本棚の上 (hondana no ue: top of the bookshelf) or 天板 (tenban: top board) would be more natural.
29. <u>節約</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
節約 (setsuyaku) means 'saving' or 'economizing' (on resources, money, time). Option 4 correctly uses 節約 to mean saving paper and postage costs: 'At my company, to save paper and postage costs, all documents are sent by email.'
Why other options are incorrect:
節約 is not used for 'saving' or 'reducing' traffic jams. 緩和 (kanwa: alleviation) or 軽減 (keigen: reduction) would be more appropriate.
節約 is not used for 'saving' or 'controlling' temperature and humidity. 調整 (chōsei: adjustment) or 管理 (kanri: management) would be more appropriate.
節約 is not used for 'saving' or 'reducing' part-time work. 減らす (herasu: reduce) or 控える (hikaeru: refrain from) would be more natural.
30. <u>分解</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
分解 (bunkai) means 'disassembly' or 'breaking down into components'. Option 1 correctly uses 分解 to mean disassembling a machine: 'The machine was not working well, so I disassembled it to inspect the parts.'
Why other options are incorrect:
分解 is not used for 'cutting' a watermelon. 切る (kiru: cut) would be more appropriate.
分解 is not used for 'breaking' a bill into smaller change. 崩す (kuzusu: break into smaller change) would be more appropriate.
分解 is not used for 'dividing' or 'sharing' work among people. 分担 (buntan: share) or 手分け (tewake: division of labor) would be more appropriate.
31. <u>略す</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
略す (ryakusu) means 'to abbreviate', 'to omit', or 'to simplify'. Option 1 correctly uses 略す to mean omitting a detailed explanation: 'Since there's no time, I'll omit the detailed explanation and just talk about the main points.'
Why other options are incorrect:
略す is not used for 'waiving' or 'exempting' shipping fees. 無料にする (muryō ni suru: make free) or 免除する (menjo suru: exempt) would be more appropriate.
略す is not used for 'reducing' or 'removing' sugar from jam. 減らした (herashita: reduced) or 抜いた (nuita: removed) would be more natural.
略す is not used for 'removing' or 'eliminating' walls. 取り払う (toriharau: remove) or なくす (nakusu: eliminate) would be more appropriate.
32. <u>覆う</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
覆う (ōu) means 'to cover' or 'to conceal'. Option 3 correctly uses 覆う to mean a path covered with fallen leaves: 'The tree-lined path leading to the park was completely covered with fallen leaves.'
Why other options are incorrect:
覆う is not typically used for being 'surrounded' by buildings. 囲まれて (kakomarete: surrounded) would be more natural.
覆う is not typically used for being 'surrounded' by reporters. 囲まれて (kakomarete: surrounded) or 取り囲まれて (torikakomarete: encircled) would be more natural.
覆う is not typically used for a face 'covered' in sweat. 汗だらけ (asedarake: covered in sweat) or 汗でびっしょり (ase de bisshori: soaked in sweat) would be more natural.
問題7 次の文の( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
33. 私の職場では、節電のため、廊下の蛍光灯を一つ( )外している。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
一つおきに (hitotsu oki ni) means 'every other one' or 'at intervals of one'. This fits the context of removing fluorescent lights for power saving. The sentence means 'At my workplace, to save electricity, we are removing every other fluorescent light in the hallway.'
Why other options are incorrect:
に対し (ni taishi) means 'in contrast to' or 'towards'.
ぶりに (buri ni) means 'for the first time in X amount of time'.
につき (ni tsuki) means 'per' or 'for each'.
34. 時間のある学生時代に、もっと本を読んだり、海外旅行に行ったりしておけばよかった。あのころに戻れる( )戻りたい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ものなら (mono nara) is a grammatical pattern meaning 'if one can' or 'if it's possible', often used to express a strong desire for something that is difficult or impossible. The sentence means 'I wish I had read more books and traveled abroad when I had time as a student. If I could go back to that time, I'd want to.'
Why other options are incorrect:
かわりに (kawari ni) means 'instead of' or 'in place of'.
とすると (to suru to) means 'if it is assumed that' or 'if that is the case'.
にしたって (ni shitatte) means 'even if' or 'even though'.
35. 転校する友人からの手紙に、「たとえ遠くて( )、私たちの友情は変わらない」と書いてあった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
たとえ~ても (tatoe ~temo) means 'even if ~'. 離れても (hanarete mo) means 'even if we are separated' or 'even if we are far apart'. The sentence means 'In a letter from a friend who was transferring schools, it was written, 'Even if we are far apart, our friendship will not change.'
Why other options are incorrect:
離れなくて (hanarenakute) means 'not separated' or 'without separating', which doesn't fit the 'even if' context.
離れるけれど (hanareru keredo) means 'although we will separate', which doesn't fit the 'even if' context.
離れなければ (hanarenakereba) means 'if we don't separate', which doesn't fit the 'even if' context.
36. 祖母は、留学中の私のことが( )らしい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~てならない (~te naranai) means 'cannot help but feel ~' or 'extremely ~'. 心配でならない (shinpai de naranai) means 'cannot help but worry' or 'is extremely worried'. The sentence means 'It seems my grandmother is extremely worried about me while I'm studying abroad.'
Why other options are incorrect:
心配どおり (shinpai dōri) means 'as worried' or 'as expected (with worry)', which doesn't fit the nuance of strong worry.
心配すべき (shinpai subeki) means 'should worry', which is a recommendation, not a statement of feeling.
心配してもしかたない (shinpai shite mo shikatanai) means 'it's no use worrying', which contradicts the idea of the grandmother being worried.
37. 発達する低気圧の影響で、明日の夕方から夜にかけて、激しい雨が( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~おそれがある (~osore ga aru) means 'there is a risk/fear of ~' or 'there is a possibility of ~'. This is commonly used for weather forecasts to indicate a potential negative event. The sentence means 'Due to the influence of a developing low-pressure system, there is a risk of heavy rain from tomorrow evening to night.'
Why other options are incorrect:
降りがちだ (furi gachi da) means 'tends to rain' or 'is prone to raining', implying a general tendency, not a specific forecast.
降りつつある (furi tsutsu aru) means 'is in the process of raining' or 'is gradually starting to rain', implying an ongoing or imminent action, not a future risk.
降ってばかりだ (futte bakari da) means 'only rains' or 'does nothing but rain', implying a continuous or frequent action, not a future risk.
38. (おもちゃ屋で)<br/> 店員:「お客様、何か( )、ご案内いたしますが。」 <br/>客:「あ、孫に頼まれたゲームソフトを探しているんです。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
お探しでしたら (osagashi deshitara) is a polite conditional form meaning 'If you are looking for something'. This is a standard polite phrase used by shop staff. The conversation means: Clerk: 'Customer, if you are looking for something, I can guide you.' Customer: 'Oh, I'm looking for a game software that my grandchild asked for.'
Why other options are incorrect:
探してくださいましたら (sagashite kudasaimashitara) is an incorrect honorific/humble usage. 'Kudasaimasu' is used for the listener's action, not the speaker's inquiry about the listener's action.
お探ししましたら (osagashi shimashitara) uses the humble form 'shimashita' (from suru) which is used for the speaker's action, not the listener's.
探させていただきましたら (sagasasete itadakimashitara) is an incorrect honorific/humble usage. 'Sasete itadaku' is used for receiving permission to do something, not for inquiring about the listener's action.
39. A:「ねえねえ、夏休みのキャンプ、楽しみだね。」<br/> B:「うん。早く夏休みに( )。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~ないかな (~nai kana) is a common informal expression used to express a strong hope or desire for something to happen, often with a slight impatience. 早く夏休みにならないかな (hayaku natsuyasumi ni naranai kana) means 'I wonder if summer vacation won't come soon' or 'I wish summer vacation would come soon'. The conversation means: A: 'Hey, hey, I'm looking forward to the summer vacation camp, aren't you?' B: 'Yeah. I wish summer vacation would come soon.'
Why other options are incorrect:
なるかな (naru kana) means 'I wonder if it will become', which is a simple question, not expressing a strong desire.
なるんだね (naru n da ne) means 'it will become, won't it?', which is a confirmation or realization, not a desire.
ならないんだね (naranai n da ne) means 'it won't become, will it?', which is a confirmation of a negative, not a desire.
40. 課長:「田中さん、さっき頼んだ書類の整理ですけど、今週は出張もあって忙しいでしょうし、特に急ぎじゃないので、来週( ) お願いします。」 <br/>田中:「はい、わかりました。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~にでも (~ni demo) is used to suggest a non-specific time or place, implying 'even if it's X' or 'X or so'. 来週にでも (raishū ni demo) means 'next week or so'. The conversation means: Section Chief: 'Tanaka-san, regarding the document organization I asked for earlier, you'll be busy with business trips this week, and it's not particularly urgent, so please do it next week or so.' Tanaka: 'Yes, I understand.'
Why other options are incorrect:
にたら (ni nara) means 'if it's X', which is a conditional, not a suggestion.
でなら (de nara) means 'if it's X (by means of X)', which is a conditional, not a suggestion.
ででも (de demo) means 'even with X' or 'by means of X or so', which doesn't fit the time context as well as にでも.
41. この辺りは、春はお花見、夏は川遊び、秋は紅葉、冬はスキー( ) 、1年中自然を楽しむことができます。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~というように (~to iu yō ni) means 'in such a way as' or 'like', and is used to give examples. It fits the context of listing various seasonal activities. The sentence means 'In this area, you can enjoy nature all year round, with cherry blossom viewing in spring, river activities in summer, autumn leaves in autumn, and skiing in winter, and so on.'
Why other options are incorrect:
のことかとれ is grammatically incorrect and doesn't form a meaningful phrase.
かのように (ka no yō ni) means 'as if' or 'as though', which implies a comparison to something that is not real, not a list of examples.
ということと (to iu koto to) means 'and the fact that', which is used to connect facts, not to list examples.
42. きれいな鳥がいたので写真を撮りたかったが、かばんからカメラを( )飛んでいってしまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~ているうちに (~te iru uchi ni) means 'while one is doing ~' or 'in the midst of doing ~'. 取り出そうとしているうちに (toridasō to shite iru uchi ni) means 'while I was trying to take out (the camera)'. This fits the context of the bird flying away before the action could be completed. The sentence means 'There was a beautiful bird, and I wanted to take a picture, but while I was trying to take the camera out of my bag, it flew away.'
Why other options are incorrect:
取り出そうとしたまま (toridasō to shita mama) means 'while having tried to take out', implying a state after an attempt, which doesn't fit the bird flying away during the action.
取り出すようにしたまま (toridasu yō ni shita mama) is grammatically awkward and doesn't convey the intended meaning.
取り出すようにしているうちに (toridasu yō ni shite iru uchi ni) is grammatically awkward and doesn't convey the intended meaning.
43. 妹:「ねえ、ベランダに干しておいた私のTシャツがないんだけど、知らない?」<br/>姉「そうなの?今日、風強かったから、飛ばされて外に( )?」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~んじゃない (~n ja nai) is an informal expression used to express conjecture or a soft suggestion, meaning 'Isn't it that ~?' or 'Perhaps ~'. 落ちちゃったんじゃない (ochichatta n ja nai) means 'Perhaps it fell (by itself)?' or 'Didn't it fall?'. This fits the context of the sister speculating about what happened to the T-shirt. The conversation means: Younger sister: 'Hey, my T-shirt that I hung on the balcony is gone, do you know anything about it?' Older sister: 'Really? The wind was strong today, so maybe it got blown away and fell outside?'
Why other options are incorrect:
落ちちゃったんだって (ochichatta n datte) means 'I heard it fell', which is reporting information, not speculating.
落としちゃったんだって (otoshichatta n datte) means 'I heard I dropped it', which implies the speaker (the younger sister) dropped it, not that it was blown away.
落としちゃったんじゃない (otoshichatta n ja nai) means 'Didn't I drop it?', which implies the speaker (the younger sister) dropped it, not that it was blown away.
44. 情報化や国際化が進む現代において、学校の教育がこれまでと()。コンピュータなどの新しい教育内容が取り 入れられるのも当然の流れだと思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~はずがない (~hazu ga nai) means 'there is no way that ~' or 'it cannot be that ~', expressing strong conviction that something is impossible or illogical. 同じでいいはずがない (onaji de ii hazu ga nai) means 'it shouldn't be okay to be the same'. This fits the context that education must change with societal advancements. The sentence means 'In modern times, with the advancement of informatization and globalization, school education cannot possibly remain the same as before. I think it's a natural progression for new educational content like computers to be incorporated.'
Why other options are incorrect:
同じというだけではない (onaji to iu dake de wa nai) means 'it's not just that it's the same', which doesn't convey the strong necessity for change.
同じならいいに違いない (onaji nara ii ni chigainai) means 'it must be good if it's the same', which contradicts the argument for change.
同じにならないことはない (onaji ni naranai koto wa nai) means 'it's not that it won't be the same', which is a double negative implying it might be the same, contradicting the argument for change.
問題8 次の文の_★_ に入る最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
45. 良い ___ _★_ ___ ___ 増加は期待できない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 良い商品やサービスであっても、その良さが客に伝わらなければ、売り上げの増加は期待できない。The phrase 'その良さが' (sono yosa ga: its quality/goodness) fits into the `_★_` position, forming the clause 'その良さが客に伝わらなければ' (if its quality isn't conveyed to the customers). The full sentence means 'Even if it's a good product or service, if its quality isn't conveyed to the customers, an increase in sales cannot be expected.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This phrase '客に伝わらなければ' (kyaku ni tsutawaranakereba: if it isn't conveyed to customers) comes after 'その良さが'.
This phrase '売り上げの' (uriage no: of sales) comes at the end, before '増加は期待できない'.
This phrase '商品やサービスであっても' (shōhin ya sābisu de attemo: even if it's a product or service) comes at the very beginning of the sentence.
46. 先輩の家にはオルガンがある。5年前に ___ _★_ ___ ___ だと言っていた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 先輩の家にはオルガンがある。5年前に海外に引っ越した友達からもらったもので、もらったときに一度弾いたきりだと言っていた。The phrase '友達からもらったもので' (tomodachi kara moratta mono de: something received from a friend) fits into the `_★_` position, forming the clause '海外に引っ越した友達からもらったもので' (something received from a friend who moved overseas). The full sentence means 'My senior's house has an organ. They said it was something they received from a friend who moved overseas 5 years ago, and they've only played it once since they received it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This phrase 'もらったときに' (moratta toki ni: when they received it) comes after '友達からもらったもので'.
This phrase '一度弾いたきり' (ichido hiita kiri: only played once) comes at the very end of the sentence.
This phrase '海外に引っ越した' (kaigai ni hikko shita: moved overseas) comes before '友達からもらったもので'.
47. 雑誌か ___ _★_ ___ ___ 人との出会いだとインタビューに答えていたのを見て、本当にそうだなと思った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 雑誌か何かで、誰かが自分にとって人生で一番大切なのは人との出会いだとインタビューに答えていたのを見て、本当にそうだなと思った。The phrase '誰かが' (dareka ga: someone) fits into the `_★_` position, forming the clause '誰かが自分にとって人生で一番大切なのは' (someone said that the most important thing in life for them is...). The full sentence means 'I saw someone answer in an interview, perhaps in a magazine or something, that the most important thing in life for them is meeting people, and I truly felt that was true.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This phrase '自分にとって' (jibun ni totte: for oneself) comes after '誰かが'.
This phrase '何かで' (nanika de: in something) comes at the beginning of the sentence, after '雑誌か'.
This phrase '人生で一番大切なのは' (jinsei de ichiban taisetsu na no wa: what is most important in life) comes after '自分にとって'.
48. なかなか ___ ___ _★_ ___ 行けることになった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: なかなか予約がとれなくて行けなかったレストランに、ようやく行けることになった。The phrase 'レストランに' (resutoran ni: to the restaurant) fits into the `_★_` position, forming the clause '行けなかったレストランに' (to the restaurant I couldn't go to). The full sentence means 'I finally managed to go to the restaurant that I couldn't go to because I couldn't get a reservation.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This phrase 'ようやく' (yōyaku: finally) comes at the very end of the sentence.
This phrase '行けなかった' (ikenakatta: couldn't go) comes before 'レストランに'.
This phrase '予約がとれなくて' (yoyaku ga torenakute: couldn't get a reservation) comes at the beginning of the sentence.
49. なぜときどき駅ですれ違う___ ___ _★_ ___ 自分でもよくわからない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: なぜときどき駅ですれ違うだけの彼女のことがこんなに気になるのか、自分でもよくわからない。The phrase 'こんなに気になる' (konna ni ki ni naru: is so concerning/bothersome) fits into the `_★_` position, forming the clause '彼女のことがこんなに気になるのか' (why I'm so bothered by her). The full sentence means 'I don't even know myself why I'm so bothered by her, whom I only pass by at the station.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This phrase 'だけの' (dake no: only) comes before '彼女のことが'.
This phrase 'のか' (no ka: question particle) comes at the end of the question clause, after 'こんなに気になる'.
This phrase '彼女のことが' (kanojo no koto ga: about her) comes before 'こんなに気になる'.
問題9 次の文章を読んで、文章全体の内容を考えて、(50)から(54)の中に入る最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
Reading Passage
「マスターズ」と呼ばれる大会がある。日本ではまだあまり知られていないが、スポーツをいくつになっても楽しむことを目的とした大会で、陸上、水泳、テニスなど様々な競技の大会が世界中で開催されている。陸上の大会では通常5歳ごとに分けられたクラスで同年代と競う。そのため、体力が落ちて若いころのように走れなくても対等に競うことができる。つまり、105歳の男性が出した世界記録は、彼が参加したクラスにおける世界記録というわけだ。
ある調査によると、マスターズに参加している高齢者は心と体の健康を維持しているという。運動は心に活気を生み、記録という目標は生活の中で感じる不安やストレスを少なくするそうだ。
心も体も元気な高齢者の多い社会は、高齢化社会の一つの理想である。マスターズに参加する高齢者が増えれば、この理想に近づくことができる。さらに、マスターズの存在が影響を与えるのは、参加者にとどまらない。参加者以外の高齢者も、同年代が記録を目指す姿を目にすることで、体を動かすきっかけや心の活力が得られるに違いない。それには、マスターズが広く知られる必要がある。テレビなどで目にする機会が増えるといい。
いつまでも心身ともに元気でいられる社会。その社会の実現に向けて、マスターズの今後の発展が期待される。
English Summary & Annotations
【50】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence starts with 「マスターズ」と呼ばれる (called 'Masters'). It needs to be followed by the noun that is called 'Masters'. 大会がある (taikai ga aru: there is a competition) naturally completes the sentence, introducing the existence of such competitions. The full phrase becomes 「マスターズ」と呼ばれる大会がある (There is a competition called 'Masters').
Why other options are incorrect:
大会はある (taikai wa aru) uses 'wa' which implies a contrast or emphasis, making it less natural for simply introducing the existence of something.
大会はあるのか (taikai wa aru no ka) turns the phrase into a question, which is not the intended meaning here.
大会があるのか (taikai ga aru no ka) also turns the phrase into a question, which is not the intended meaning here.
【51】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence explains that the 105-year-old's world record is specific to his age class. というわけだ (to iu wake da) means 'that's why' or 'that's what it means', providing a conclusion or clarification for the preceding statement. The full phrase becomes 彼が参加したクラスにおける世界記録というわけだ (It means it's a world record in the class he participated in).
Why other options are incorrect:
と言えないこともない (to ienai koto mo nai) means 'it's not impossible to say', which is a weak affirmation and doesn't fit the clear explanatory tone.
というだけではない (to iu dake de wa nai) means 'it's not just that', implying there's more to it, which contradicts the clarifying nature of the sentence.
と言ってもいいぐらいだ (to itte mo ii gurai da) means 'it's almost okay to say', which is too hesitant for a factual clarification.
【52】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The previous paragraph discusses the benefits of Masters for participants. This sentence introduces an additional point: the influence extends beyond participants. さらに (sara ni) means 'furthermore' or 'moreover', which is used to add more information or an additional point. The full phrase becomes さらに、マスターズの存在が影響を与えるのは、参加者にとどまらない (Furthermore, the existence of Masters' influence is not limited to participants).
Why other options are incorrect:
とすると (to suru to) means 'if that is the case' or 'assuming that', which implies a conditional or hypothetical situation, not an addition.
とはいえ (to wa ie) means 'although' or 'nevertheless', which implies a concession or contrast, not an addition.
このように (kono yō ni) means 'in this way' or 'thus', which is used to summarize or conclude, not to introduce a new, additional point.
【53】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The previous sentence states that non-participants can also be inspired. This sentence explains what is needed to achieve that. それには、 (sore ni wa,) means 'for that purpose' or 'to achieve that', indicating a necessary condition or means. The full phrase becomes それには、マスターズが広く知られる必要がある (For that, Masters needs to be widely known).
Why other options are incorrect:
そうやって (sō yatte) means 'by doing so' or 'in that way', which refers to a method, not a prerequisite for a goal.
そうなったら (sō nattara) means 'if that happens', which is a conditional, not a statement of what is needed to achieve a goal.
それでも (sore demo) means 'even so' or 'nevertheless', which implies a concession or contrast, not a means to an end.
【54】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence starts with いつまでも心身ともに元気でいられる (itsu made mo shinshin tomo ni genki de irareru: where one can remain healthy in mind and body forever). This phrase modifies a noun. 社会 (shakai: society) is the noun being modified, forming a noun phrase: いつまでも心身ともに元気でいられる社会 (a society where one can remain healthy in mind and body forever).
Why other options are incorrect:
社会だ (shakai da) would make the preceding phrase a complete sentence (e.g., 'It is a society where...'), but the following sentence 'その社会の実現に向けて...' (towards the realization of that society...) indicates that the first part is a noun phrase, not a complete sentence.
社会とは (shakai to wa) means 'what society is' or 'society is defined as', which is used for definitions or explanations, not for forming a descriptive noun phrase.
社会だから (shakai dakara) means 'because it's society', which implies a reason, not a descriptive noun phrase.