JLPT N2 Letters and Vocabulary, Grammar Test
問題1: ___の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
1. 二人は <u>離れて</u>座った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
離れて (はなれて) is the correct reading for 離れる, which means 'to separate' or 'to be apart'. The sentence means 'The two sat apart'.
Why other options are incorrect:
わかれて is the reading for 別れて, meaning 'to separate' (e.g., a couple breaking up) or 'to divide', which doesn't fit the context of sitting.
かくれて is the reading for 隠れて, meaning 'to hide'. This does not fit the context of sitting.
はずれて is the reading for 外れて, meaning 'to be disconnected' or 'to be out of place'. This does not fit the context.
2. 何か良い<u> 企画</u>はありますか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
企画 (きかく) is the correct reading for the kanji, meaning 'plan' or 'project'. The sentence means 'Do you have any good plans?'
Why other options are incorrect:
しかく can be the reading for 資格 (qualification) or 四角 (square), but not 企画.
きが can be the reading for 気が (feeling, mood), but not 企画.
しが is not a common reading for 企画.
3. <u>再度</u>確認をお願いします。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
再度 (さいど) is the correct reading for the kanji, meaning 'again' or 'a second time'. The sentence means 'Please confirm again'.
Why other options are incorrect:
さいどう is an incorrect reading for 再度.
ざいど is an incorrect reading for 再度.
ざいどう is an incorrect reading for 再度.
4. とても<u>和やか</u>なパ—ティーだった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
和やか (なごやか) is the correct reading for the kanji, meaning 'peaceful', 'mild', or 'harmonious'. The sentence means 'It was a very peaceful party'.
Why other options are incorrect:
おだやか is the reading for 穏やか, meaning 'calm' or 'gentle', which is similar but not the correct reading for 和やか.
さわやか means 'refreshing' or 'brisk'.
にぎやか means 'lively' or 'bustling'.
5. コンピュータでデータを <u>処理</u>した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
処理 (しょり) is the correct reading for the kanji, meaning 'processing' or 'handling'. The sentence means 'I processed the data with a computer'.
Why other options are incorrect:
しゅり is an incorrect reading for 処理.
しょうり is the reading for 勝利 (victory) or 省略 (omission), but not 処理.
しゅうり is the reading for 修理 (repair), but not 処理.
問題2: ___の言葉を漢字で書く時、最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ 選びなさい。
6. 明日10時に <u>むかえ</u>に行きます。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
迎え (むかえ) is the correct kanji for 'to pick up' or 'to meet'. The sentence means 'I will go to pick you up at 10 AM tomorrow'.
Why other options are incorrect:
招え (まねえ) is related to 招く (maneku - to invite), but not the correct kanji for むかえ.
仰え (おおせ) is related to 仰る (ossaru - to say, honorific), but not the correct kanji for むかえ.
紹え (しょうえ) is related to 紹介 (shoukai - introduction), but not the correct kanji for むかえ.
7. 坂本さんは <u>かいご</u>の仕事をしてい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
介護 (かいご) is the correct kanji for 'nursing care' or 'caregiving'. The sentence means 'Mr. Sakamoto is doing caregiving work'.
Why other options are incorrect:
看穫 is not a standard kanji compound.
介種 is not a standard kanji compound.
看護 (kangō) means 'nursing', which is related but distinct from 介護 (caregiving).
8. カップや皿を同じ <u>けいとう</u>の色でそろえた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
系統 (けいとう) is the correct kanji for 'system', 'lineage', or 'family (of colors)'. The sentence means 'I matched the cups and plates with colors of the same family'.
Why other options are incorrect:
系等 is not a standard kanji compound.
形統 is not a standard kanji compound.
形等 is not a standard kanji compound.
9. 古い新聞や本をひもで<u>たばね</u>た。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
束ねた (たばねた) is the correct kanji for 'bundled' or 'tied up'. The sentence means 'I bundled old newspapers and books with a string'.
Why other options are incorrect:
結ねた is an incorrect form. 結ぶ (musubu) means 'to tie', but the form is wrong.
收ねた is not a standard kanji compound. 收 (osameru) means 'to store' or 'to put away'.
包ねた is an incorrect form. 包む (tsutsumu) means 'to wrap'.
10. 出張後、費用の<u>せいさん</u>をした。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
精算 (せいさん) is the correct kanji for 'settlement of accounts' or 'adjustment of expenses'. The sentence means 'After the business trip, I settled the expenses'.
Why other options are incorrect:
請算 is not a standard kanji compound.
製算 is not a standard kanji compound. 製 (sei) relates to 'manufacture'.
制算 is not a standard kanji compound. 制 (sei) relates to 'control' or 'system'.
問題3: ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
11. ( )計画のまま始めるのはやめたほうがいい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
無 (mu) combines with 計画 (keikaku - plan) to form 無計画 (mukeikaku - unplanned, without a plan). The sentence means 'It's better to stop starting with an unplanned project'.
Why other options are incorrect:
不 (fu/bu) is a prefix meaning 'un-', 'not', but it doesn't typically combine with 計画 in this way to mean 'unplanned'.
非 (hi) is a prefix meaning 'non-', 'anti-', 'un-'. While it means 'not', it doesn't form 無計画.
反 (han) is a prefix meaning 'anti-', 'counter-', 're-'. It doesn't fit the meaning of 'unplanned'.
12. 怪しいメールが届いたときには、メールの送信 ( )を確認するようにしている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
元 (moto) combines with 送信 (soushin - sending) to form 送信元 (soushinmoto - sender, origin of transmission). The sentence means 'When I receive a suspicious email, I make sure to check the sender'.
Why other options are incorrect:
原 (gen) means 'origin', 'source', but it doesn't form a common compound with 送信 in this context.
根 (kon/ne) means 'root', 'basis'. It doesn't form a common compound with 送信 in this context.
素 (so) means 'element', 'nature'. It doesn't form a common compound with 送信 in this context.
13. この国では農家の働き ( )が減少している。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
働き手 (hatarakite) means 'worker' or 'labor force'. 手 (te) in this context refers to a person who works. The sentence means 'In this country, the number of farm workers is decreasing'.
Why other options are incorrect:
顔 (kao) means 'face'. 働き顔 is not a common expression.
足 (ashi) means 'foot' or 'leg'. 働き足 is not a common expression.
腕 (ude) means 'arm' or 'skill'. 働き腕 is not a common expression.
14. このスーパーは店の前に車をとめる ( )がない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
スペース (space) refers to an area or room. The sentence means 'This supermarket doesn't have space to park cars in front of the store'.
Why other options are incorrect:
フロア (floor) refers to a level of a building or a floor surface.
ステージ (stage) refers to a platform for performances.
フロント (front) refers to the front part of something, like a hotel front desk.
15. エレベーターに異常がないか、定期的に ( )している。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
点検 (tenken) means 'inspection' or 'check-up', specifically for machinery or equipment. The sentence means 'We regularly inspect the elevator to ensure there are no abnormalities'.
Why other options are incorrect:
参観 (sankan) means 'visiting and observing' (e.g., a school class).
検診 (kenshin) means 'medical examination' or 'health check-up'.
観測 (kansoku) means 'observation' or 'measurement' (e.g., weather phenomena).
問題4: ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
16. カメラを向けると、子どもたちは ( )笑った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
にっこり (nikkori) is an adverb meaning 'with a broad smile' or 'beamingly'. It perfectly describes how children would smile when a camera is pointed at them. The sentence means 'When I pointed the camera, the children smiled broadly'.
Why other options are incorrect:
さっぱり (sappari) means 'feeling refreshed' or 'completely' (e.g., not at all). It doesn't describe a smile.
ぴかぴか (pikapika) is an onomatopoeia for 'sparkling' or 'shining'.
ほかほか (hokahoka) is an onomatopoeia for 'warm' or 'steaming' (e.g., warm food).
17. 今日の海は波が高く、船が揺れたせいで、気分が悪くなる人が ( )した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
続出 (zokushutsu) means 'to appear one after another' or 'to occur in succession'. It fits the context of many people getting sick due to the rocking boat. The sentence means 'The waves were high today, and due to the rocking of the boat, people started getting sick one after another'.
Why other options are incorrect:
続行 (zokkou) means 'continuation' or 'resumption' (e.g., of a meeting).
持続 (jizoku) means 'continuation' or 'sustainability' (e.g., of an effect).
継続 (keizoku) means 'continuation' or 'persistence' (e.g., of an activity).
18. 料理中にくしゃみをしたら、小麦粉が ( )しまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
飛び散る (tobichiru) means 'to scatter' or 'to splash'. When one sneezes while cooking with flour, the flour would scatter. The sentence means 'When I sneezed while cooking, the flour scattered'.
Why other options are incorrect:
飛び立つ (tobitatsu) means 'to take off' or 'to fly away'.
飛び上がる (tobiagaru) means 'to jump up' or 'to leap up'.
飛び降りる (tobioriru) means 'to jump down' or 'to leap off'.
19. 私は大学を卒業したら、 ( )に戻って実家の近くで就職したいと思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
地元 (jimoto) means 'local area' or 'hometown'. It's common for people to want to return to their hometown after graduating. The sentence means 'After graduating from university, I want to return to my hometown and find a job near my family home'.
Why other options are incorrect:
根元 (nemoto) means 'root' or 'base' (e.g., of a tree).
土台 (dodai) means 'foundation' or 'base' (e.g., of a building).
立場 (tachiba) means 'position' or 'standpoint'.
20. 中野さんは味に ( )で、調味料が少し変わっただけで違いがわかるらしい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
敏感 (binkan) means 'sensitive' or 'susceptible'. It fits the context of someone being able to detect subtle changes in taste. The sentence means 'Mr. Nakano is sensitive to taste, apparently he can tell the difference even if the seasoning changes slightly'.
Why other options are incorrect:
急激 (kyuugeki) means 'sudden' or 'rapid'.
機敏 (kibin) means 'nimble' or 'agile'.
過激 (kageki) means 'extreme' or 'radical'.
問題5: ___の言葉に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
21. この機械を扱うには、特別な <u>テクニック</u>が必要だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
テクニック (technique) is a loanword that directly corresponds to 技術 (gijutsu), meaning 'skill' or 'technique'. The sentence means 'Special techniques are required to operate this machine'.
Why other options are incorrect:
知識 (chishiki) means 'knowledge'.
工夫 (kufuu) means 'device', 'contrivance', or 'ingenuity'.
訓練 (kunren) means 'training' or 'drill'.
22. 青木さんはしばらく黙って<u>うつむいて</u>いた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
うつむく (utsumuku) means 'to look down' or 'to hang one's head'. Therefore, 下を向いて (shita o muite - looking down) is the closest meaning. The sentence means 'Mr. Aoki was silent for a while, looking down'.
Why other options are incorrect:
遠くを見て (tooku o mite) means 'looking far away'.
目を閉て (me o tojite) means 'closing one's eyes'.
腕を組んで (ude o kunde) means 'crossing one's arms'.
23. この犬は、本当に <u>利口</u>な犬ですね。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
利口 (rikou) means 'clever', 'smart', or 'intelligent'. 頭がいい (atama ga ii) directly translates to 'smart' or 'having a good head'. The sentence means 'This dog is really smart, isn't it?'
Why other options are incorrect:
かわいい (kawaii) means 'cute'.
元気な (genki na) means 'energetic' or 'healthy'.
かっこいい (kakkoii) means 'cool' or 'good-looking'.
24. もう少し<u>用心</u>したほうがいいんじゃないですか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
用心 (yōjin) means 'caution', 'care', or 'vigilance'. 気をつけた (ki o tsuketa) means 'to be careful' or 'to pay attention'. The sentence means 'Shouldn't you be a little more careful?'
Why other options are incorrect:
落ち着いた (ochitsuita) means 'calmed down' or 'settled'.
がんばった (ganbatta) means 'did one's best' or 'persevered'.
よく考えた (yoku kangaeta) means 'thought carefully'.
25. 説明が<u>くどくて</u>すみません。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
くどい (kudoi) means 'verbose', 'tedious', 'repetitive', or 'insistent'. しつこい (shitsukoi) has a similar meaning of 'persistent', 'repetitive', or 'nagging'. The sentence means 'Sorry for the tedious explanation'.
Why other options are incorrect:
つまらない (tsumaranai) means 'boring' or 'uninteresting'.
下手 (heta) means 'unskillful' or 'poor at something'.
複雑 (fukuzatsu) means 'complex' or 'complicated'.
問題6: 次の言葉の使い方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
26. 保存
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
保存 (hozon) means 'preservation' or 'storage', typically for physical items like food or data. Option 3, 'Please store this food in the refrigerator', is the correct usage.
Why other options are incorrect:
For money, 貯金 (chokin - saving money) or 蓄える (takuwaeru - to accumulate) is more appropriate than 保存.
For reserving a seat, 確保 (kakuho - securing) or 取っておく (totte oku - to keep/reserve) is more appropriate than 保存.
For conserving physical strength, 温存 (onzon - to preserve, conserve) or 温存する (onzon suru) is more appropriate than 保存.
27. 鈍い
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
鈍い (nibui) means 'dull', 'slow', 'blunt', or 'sluggish'. Option 4, 'Perhaps he's tired, his movements are slower than usual', correctly uses 鈍い to describe slow or sluggish movement.
Why other options are incorrect:
For being slow at calculations, 計算が遅い (keisan ga osoi - slow at calculations) is more natural than 計算が鈍い.
For time passing slowly, 時間が遅く感じる (jikan ga osoku kanjiru - time feels slow) is more natural than 時間が鈍く感じる.
For being slow at work, 仕事が遅い (shigoto ga osoi - slow at work) is more natural than 仕事が鈍い.
28. 日課
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
日課 (nikka) means 'daily routine' or 'daily task'. Option 4, 'For my health, I make it a daily routine to do 30 minutes of exercise every morning', correctly uses 日課 to describe a personal daily habit.
Why other options are incorrect:
For a bus schedule, 時刻表 (jikokuhyou - timetable) is the correct term, not 日課.
For sales targets, 目標 (mokuhyou - target) or ノルマ (noruma - quota) is appropriate, not 日課.
For company rules or regulations, 規則 (kisoku - rule) or 規定 (kitei - regulation) is appropriate, not 日課.
29. 多彩
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
多彩 (tasai) means 'varied', 'colorful', or 'diverse', often used to describe a person's talents, activities, or a range of colors. Option 1, 'Mr. Takahashi is engaged in diverse activities as a novelist and painter', correctly uses 多彩 to describe a variety of activities.
Why other options are incorrect:
For stars shining, 輝く (kagayaku - to shine) is used, but 多彩 doesn't fit. Perhaps 満天の星 (manten no hoshi - stars filling the sky) or 多くの星 (ooku no hoshi - many stars) would be more appropriate.
For ambiguous expressions leading to various interpretations, 多様な (tayou na - various, diverse) or 様々な (samazama na - various) is more appropriate than 多彩.
For being taken care of in various aspects of life, 色々 (iroiro - various) or 全般的に (zenpan-teki ni - generally, overall) is more appropriate than 多彩.
30. 乘リ継ぐ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
乗り継ぐ (noritsugu) means 'to transfer' or 'to change (vehicles)'. Option 3, 'I transferred from the bus to the train and finally arrived at my destination', is the correct usage.
Why other options are incorrect:
For missing a station by oversleeping, 乗り過ごす (norisugosu - to miss one's stop) is the correct verb, not 乗り継ぐ.
For taking over driving, 交代する (koutai suru - to take turns) or 代わってもらう (kawatte morau - to have someone take over) is appropriate, not 乗り継ぐ.
This sentence implies many people are *getting on* the train, not necessarily transferring. 乗り込む (norikomu - to board) or simply 乗る (noru - to ride) would be more appropriate. 乗り継ぐ specifically implies changing from one vehicle to another.
問題7: 次の文の( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
31. あの人は、人の意見を聞き ( )しないで、自分の主張ばかりする。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The pattern V-ます形 + もしない means 'not even V', emphasizing a complete lack of action. 聞きもしないで means 'without even listening'. The sentence means 'That person doesn't even listen to others' opinions and only asserts their own claims'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~までしない means 'doesn't even go as far as doing something', but it doesn't fit naturally with 聞き.
~としない is not a standard grammatical pattern here.
~をしない is grammatically incorrect after 聞き.
32. さっき、買い物 ( )、コンビニに寄ってATMでお金を下ろしてきた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~のついでに (no tsuide ni) means 'while doing (something else)', 'on the occasion of'. It indicates doing something extra while already doing something else. The sentence means 'Just now, while I was shopping, I stopped by the convenience store and withdrew money from the ATM'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~の場合 (no baai) means 'in the case of'.
~にしては (ni shite wa) means 'considering (something), it's surprisingly...'.
~というのは (to iu no wa) means 'the reason is that' or 'what (X) means is that'.
33.(テレビ番組で) 私たちが住んでいる地球は、 ( )どうやってできたのでしょうか。地球誕生の秘密を見てみましょう。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
いったい (ittai) is an adverb used with interrogative words (like どうやって - how) to express strong curiosity, doubt, or exasperation, often translated as 'what on earth', 'how in the world'. The sentence means 'How on earth did the Earth we live on come into being? Let's look at the secret of Earth's birth'.
Why other options are incorrect:
とうとう (toutou) means 'finally' or 'at last'.
おそらく (osoraku) means 'probably' or 'most likely'.
まもなく (mamonaku) means 'soon' or 'shortly'.
34. X社の調査によると、共働き夫婦における夫の家事負担の割合は、夫の年齢が ( )にしたがって増加しているという。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~にしたがって (ni shitagatte) means 'as... (something happens)', indicating a proportional change. It typically connects to the plain form of a verb (V-る). Therefore, 下がる (sagaru - to decrease) is the correct form. The sentence means 'According to Company X's survey, the proportion of housework borne by husbands in dual-income households is said to increase as the husband's age decreases'.
Why other options are incorrect:
下がっている (sagatte iru) is the progressive form, which doesn't fit the ~にしたがって pattern for general trends.
下がった (sagatta) is the past tense, which doesn't fit the ~にしたがって pattern for general trends.
下がっていた (sagatte ita) is the past progressive form, which doesn't fit the ~にしたがって pattern for general trends.
35. 12月に入り、インフルエンザの患者数は増える ( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~一方だ (ippou da) means 'to continue to (do something in one direction)', indicating a steady increase or decrease. The sentence means 'As December began, the number of influenza patients is only increasing'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~ほどだ (hodo da) means 'to the extent that' or 'about', which doesn't fit the context of a continuous trend.
~までだ (made da) means 'it's only up to' or 'that's all', which doesn't fit the context of a continuous trend.
~次第だ (shidai da) means 'it depends on' or 'it's up to', which doesn't fit the context of a continuous trend.
36. わが国は、石油や石炭などのエネルギー資源がほとんどないため、多くを海外からの輸入に ( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~ざるを得ない (zaru o enai) means 'cannot help but do', 'have no choice but to do'. This fits the situation where a country with few resources must rely on imports. The sentence means 'Since our country has almost no energy resources like oil and coal, we have no choice but to rely heavily on imports from overseas'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~わけにはいかない (wake ni wa ikanai) means 'cannot (for social/moral reasons)', which implies a choice not to rely, contradicting the sentence's premise.
~に違いない (ni chigainai) means 'must be' or 'there's no doubt that', implying certainty that they will not rely, which is incorrect.
~ことにほかならない (koto ni hoka naranai) means 'it is nothing but', 'it amounts to', which is a statement of equivalence, not necessity.
37. (会社で) 受付:「A社の山下様が受付で ( )。」 田中:「あ、わかりました。すぐ行きます。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
お待ちです (omachi desu) is the honorific form of 待っています (matte imasu - is waiting), used to respectfully describe the action of a guest or customer. The receptionist is informing Tanaka that Mr. Yamashita is waiting. The sentence means 'Mr. Yamashita from Company A is waiting at the reception desk'.
Why other options are incorrect:
待っております (matte orimasu) is the humble form of 待っています, used to humbly describe one's own action, not a guest's.
お待ちください (omachi kudasai) is an honorific command meaning 'Please wait'.
待っていただけますか (matte itadakemasu ka) means 'Could you please wait?', which is a request.
38. レストランハヤマのランチは、AランチかBランチの2種類 ( )選べないが、安くてとてもおいしい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~からしか~ない (kara shika ~ nai) means 'only from (a limited choice)'. It emphasizes that the choice is restricted to the specified options. The sentence means 'Restaurant Hayama's lunch only offers two types, A lunch or B lunch, but it's cheap and very delicious'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~にしか~ない (ni shika ~ nai) is used when the object of the verb is limited, but 選ぶ (erabu - to choose) takes を or から. Here, から is more natural for choosing *from* options.
~にだけ (ni dake) means 'only to/for', which doesn't fit the context of choosing from options.
~からだけ (kara dake) means 'only from', but it doesn't carry the strong sense of limitation that ~からしか~ない does when combined with a negative verb.
39. 昨日私が乗った飛行機は、今まで乗ったどの ( )小さかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
どの~よりも (dono ~ yori mo) means 'more than any other ~', used for superlative comparisons. The sentence means 'The airplane I rode yesterday was smaller than any other airplane I've ridden so far'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~のわりに (no wari ni) means 'considering (something), it's surprisingly...', which doesn't fit a direct comparison.
~がいちばん (ga ichiban) means 'the most', but it's usually used without どの~. If it were どの飛行機がいちばん小さかったか, it would be a question.
~のほうが (no hou ga) means 'X is more Y than Z', used for comparing two specific things, not a general superlative.
40. 髪が傷んでしまうので髪を洗った後は、濡れた ( )、しっかり乾かしましょう。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~ままにせず (mama ni sezu) means 'without leaving it as is' or 'without letting it remain in that state'. The sentence means 'Your hair will get damaged, so after washing your hair, don't leave it wet, dry it thoroughly'.
Why other options are incorrect:
~ようになっても (you ni natte mo) means 'even if it becomes possible to do', which doesn't fit the context.
~だけにすれば (dake ni sureba) means 'if you only do', which doesn't fit the context.
~ことにならなくて (koto ni naranakute) means 'it didn't turn out that way', which doesn't fit the context.
41. A:「最近元気ないみたいだけど、どうしたの?」 B:「別れた彼のことがなかなか忘れられなくて… A:「忘れられないなら、そんなに無理に ( )と思うよ。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~ようとしなくてもいい (you to shinakute mo ii) means 'you don't have to try to do'. It advises against forcing oneself to do something. The conversation means: A: 'You seem down lately, what's wrong?' B: 'I just can't forget my ex-boyfriend...' A: 'If you can't forget him, I think you don't have to try so hard to forget him.'
Why other options are incorrect:
忘れてしまいたくない (wasurete shimaitakunai) means 'I don't want to forget', which is B's feeling, not A's advice.
忘れようとしているんだ (wasureyou to shite iru n da) means 'you are trying to forget', which is a statement of fact, not advice.
忘れてしまうんだろう (wasurete shimau n darou) means 'you will probably forget', which is a prediction, not advice.
42. 私は両親に子供のころから自分がやりたいことを自由に ( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
~させてもらう (sasete morau) means 'to be allowed to do' or 'to have someone let one do'. ~てきた (te kita) indicates an action or state that has continued from the past up to the present. So, やらせてもらってきた means 'I have been allowed to do (what I want)'. The sentence means 'My parents have allowed me to freely do what I want since I was a child'.
Why other options are incorrect:
やらせてもらってくる (sasete moratte kuru) implies coming to a place while being allowed to do something, which doesn't fit the context of a continuous state from childhood.
やらせてくれている (sasete kurete iru) means 'they are letting me do', which is present tense and doesn't convey the continuous action from childhood.
やらせてくれていた (sasete kurete ita) means 'they were letting me do', which is past progressive and implies the action stopped or was limited to a past period, not continuing to the present.
問題8: 次の文の_★_ に入る最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
43. 山や植物の写真家 ___ ___ ___ _★_ 写真展が15日からABCデパートで開催される。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 山や植物の写真家 **として有名な岩本まさき氏** の 写真展. This translates to 'A photo exhibition by Mr. Masaki Iwamoto, famous as a photographer of mountains and plants, will be held at ABC Department Store from the 15th'. The _★_ position is filled by の, indicating possession or association ('Mr. Masaki Iwamoto's photo exhibition').
Why other options are incorrect:
「として」 (as) is part of the phrase 「として有名な」 (famous as), which comes before the name.
「岩本まさき氏」 (Mr. Masaki Iwamoto) is the subject of the possessive phrase, not the particle itself.
「有名な」 (famous) modifies the name and comes before it.
44. 子供のころは、1年が長く感じられたのに、年をとる ___ ___ _★_ ___だろうか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 年をとる **につれて短く感じるようになる** のは なぜだろうか. This translates to 'When I was a child, a year felt long, but as I get older, why does it feel shorter?' The _★_ position is filled by のは, which turns the preceding clause into a noun phrase and marks it as the topic of the question 'なぜだろうか' (why is it?).
Why other options are incorrect:
「につれて」 (as... happens) connects '年をとる' (getting older) with '短く感じるようになる' (start to feel shorter).
「なぜ」 (why) is the interrogative for the entire sentence and comes at the end.
「短く感じるようになる」 (start to feel shorter) describes the change in perception of time.
45. 情報をどのような ___ ___ _★_ ___ が変わってくるので、順番を意識して話す必要がある。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 情報をどのような **順番で提示するか** によって 相手の受け止め方が変わってくるので. This translates to 'Because how the other person perceives the information changes depending on the order in which it is presented, it is necessary to speak with an awareness of the order.' The _★_ position is filled by によって, which means 'depending on' and connects the manner of presentation to the listener's perception.
Why other options are incorrect:
「相手の受け止め方」 (the other person's way of perceiving) is the subject of the second clause, which changes.
「提示するか」 (whether to present) is part of the first clause, describing the action of presenting information.
「順番で」 (in what order) modifies 「提示するか」.
46. 日本では、99歳のお祝いを「白寿」と言います。 「百」の字から「一」をとる___ ___ _★_ ___そう呼ばれています。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 「百」の字から「一」をとる **と「白」という字になる** ことから そう呼ばれています. This translates to 'In Japan, the celebration of 99 years old is called 'Hakuju'. It is called that because if you take 'one' from the character 'hundred' (百), it becomes the character 'white' (白).' The _★_ position is filled by 字になる, meaning 'becomes the character'.
Why other options are incorrect:
「と」 (if/when) connects 'とる' (take) with the result.
「ことから」 (from the fact that) explains the reason for the name 'Hakuju'.
「「白」という」 (the character 'white') describes the resulting character.
47. 講師「最初は ___ ___ _★_ ___気になってくるということはありませんか。このような心理現象を『ザイオンス効果』と言います。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 最初は **全く興味がなかった商品なのに** CMなどで何度か見ている うちに 気になってくるということはありませんか. This translates to 'Isn't it true that even for products you initially had no interest in, you start to become interested after seeing them several times in commercials or elsewhere? This psychological phenomenon is called the 'Zajonc effect'.' The _★_ position is filled by CMなどで何度か見ている, which describes the repeated exposure that leads to interest.
Why other options are incorrect:
「うちに」 (while, during) indicates that the change happens over time while seeing the product.
「全く興味がなかった」 (had no interest at all) describes the initial state of the product.
「商品なのに」 (even though it's a product) sets up the contrast with the initial lack of interest.
問題9: 次の文章を読んで、(48)から(52 )の中に入る最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
Reading Passage
伝統から最新技術へ
今も昔も、子供たちに親しまれている折り紙。そんな身近な折り紙が今、「折り紙工学」という学問となっ ている。一例を 【1】 。
折り紙の「折って畳むこと」と「畳んだものを広げること」を利用した研究がある。 大きなものを小さくし、それを簡単に元の大きさに戻す方法として、折るだけで形や大きさが変えられる折 リ紙が注目されたのだ。ただ折って小さくするのなら、新聞を折り畳むように何回も折ればいい。しかしそれ では、広げるときに、畳んだ分の回数だけ開くことになる。【2】、一気に元の大きさに戻せる折り方を開発するために研究が重ねられた。
その結果何回折った後でも、折り畳んだ状態から両端を引つ張るだけで、元の平面に戻すことができる方法にたどり着いたのである。
この折り方を【3】 、人工衛星に用いる「太陽電池パネル」などの装置が作られている。
装置を宇宙へ運ぶロケットの容量には限界があり、装置は小さくしなければならない。だからといって分割して部品にすると、宇宙空間で組み立てる技術が必要となる。ここに研究の成果が生かされる。開発された折り方を使えば、装置を折り畳んで小さくすることができ、宇宙空間に出たときには簡単に【4】。
伝統的な遊びが宇宙で使われる最新技術につながっている。子供と折り紙で遊びながら、このような科学の話を【5】。 折り紙を通して、宇宙工学や技術開発の分野にも興味を持つかもしれない。
English Summary & Annotations
48.【1】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The phrase '一例を【1】' means 'Let's give an example'. 挙げよう (ageyou) is the volitional form of 挙げる (ageru - to give/raise), which fits the context of the author introducing an example.
Why other options are incorrect:
挙げている (agete iru) means 'is giving/has given', which is a descriptive present progressive or perfect, not an introductory suggestion.
挙げようとする (ageyou to suru) means 'to try to give', which implies an attempt, not a direct intention to present.
挙げるだろう (ageru darou) means 'will probably give', which is a conjecture, not a direct statement of intent.
49.【2】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The preceding sentence explains that simply folding a newspaper means it takes many steps to unfold. The current sentence introduces the research to develop a method for instant unfolding. そこで (soko de) means 'therefore' or 'so', indicating a logical consequence or a next step taken in response to the previous statement. It fits perfectly here.
Why other options are incorrect:
ただし (tadashi) means 'however' or 'provided that', used to add a condition or exception.
しかも (shikamo) means 'moreover' or 'furthermore', used to add more information.
かえって (kaette) means 'on the contrary' or 'rather', indicating an unexpected or opposite result.
50.【3】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence describes how the developed folding method is used to create devices like solar panels. 活用して (katsuyou shite) means 'utilizing' or 'making use of', which correctly describes the application of the method. The te-form indicates a means or method.
Why other options are incorrect:
活用するほかに (katsuyou suru hoka ni) means 'besides utilizing', which implies other options exist or that it's not the only way, contradicting the flow.
活用するまで (katsuyou suru made) means 'until utilizing' or 'to the extent of utilizing', which doesn't fit the context of applying the method.
活用したにもかかわらず (katsuyou shita ni mo kakawarazu) means 'despite utilizing', which implies a contradictory result.
51.【4】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence explains the benefit of the new folding method: devices can be folded small and then easily unfolded in space. ~というわけだ (to iu wake da) means 'it means that', 'it follows that', or 'that's why'. It's used to state a conclusion or explanation. The sentence means 'By using the developed folding method, devices can be folded compactly and easily unfolded when they reach space, that's the point'.
Why other options are incorrect:
広げられるというのか (hirogerareru to iu no ka) means 'is it that it can be unfolded?', which is a question.
広げられるかのようだ (hirogerareru ka no you da) means 'it's as if it can be unfolded', which implies a resemblance, not a direct statement of fact.
広げられるのだろうか (hirogerareru no darou ka) means 'I wonder if it can be unfolded?', which is a question expressing doubt.
52.【5】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The author is suggesting that talking about science while playing origami with children is a good idea. ~してみるのも悪くない (shite miru no mo warukunai) means 'it's not a bad idea to try doing'. This phrase offers a gentle suggestion or recommendation. The sentence means 'While playing origami with children, it's not a bad idea to talk about such scientific topics'.
Why other options are incorrect:
してみたがらない (shite tagaranai) means 'doesn't want to try doing', which is the opposite of the intended meaning.
してみそうない (shite sou nai) means 'doesn't look like it will try doing' or 'unlikely to try doing', which doesn't fit the context.
してみても始まらない (shite mite mo hajimaranai) means 'there's no point in trying' or 'it won't achieve anything even if you try', which is a negative assessment.