2019/12 JLPT N2 Letters and Vocabulary,Grammar test

N22019/DecemberVocabulary
Q52 Questions
T~78 minutes
S9 Sections

ๅ•้กŒ1: ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎ่ชญใฟๆ–นใจใ—ใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ€1ใƒป2ใƒป3ใƒป4ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€ใค้ธใณใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Question 1

1. ๆœจๆ‘ใ•ใ‚“ใฏ่ชฐใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ‚‚<u>็ญ‰ใ—ใ</u>ๆŽฅใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ ใ€‚

1.1) ใ‚„ใ•ใ—ใ
2.2) ใฒใจใ—ใ Correct
3.3) ใ—ใŸใ—ใ
4.4) ใใณใ—ใ
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ใฒใจใ—ใ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

็ญ‰ใ—ใ (ใฒใจใ—ใ) is the correct reading for the kanji ็ญ‰ใ—ใ„, which means 'equally' or 'impartially'. The sentence means 'Mr. Kimura is a person who treats everyone equally.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ‚„ใ•ใ—ใ

This is the reading for ๅ„ชใ—ใ, meaning 'gently' or 'kindly'.

3) ใ—ใŸใ—ใ

This is the reading for ่ฆชใ—ใ, meaning 'intimately' or 'familiarly'.

4) ใใณใ—ใ

This is the reading for ๅŽณใ—ใ, meaning 'strictly' or 'severely'.

Question 2

2. ็Ÿณๅทใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‘ใŒใฏใ€<u>่ปฝๅ‚ท</u>ใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚

1.1) ใ‘ใ„ใ—ใ‚‡ใ† Correct
2.2) ใ‘ใ„ใใ†
3.3) ใ‘ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
4.4) ใ‘ใใ†
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ใ‘ใ„ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

่ปฝๅ‚ท (ใ‘ใ„ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†) is the correct reading for the kanji ่ปฝๅ‚ท, which means 'minor injury'. The sentence means 'It seems Mr. Ishikawa's injury was minor.'

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ใ‘ใ„ใใ†

This is an incorrect reading for ่ปฝๅ‚ท.

3) ใ‘ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†

This is the reading for ๅŒ–็ฒง (ใ‘ใ—ใ‚‡ใ†), meaning 'makeup'.

4) ใ‘ใใ†

This is an incorrect reading for ่ปฝๅ‚ท.

Question 3

3. ่ฒป็”จใฏใฟใ‚“ใชใง<u>่ฒ ๆ‹…</u>ใ—ใŸใ€‚

1.1) ใถใ‚“ใฆใ‚“
2.2) ใตใฆใ‚“
3.3) ใถใ‚“ใŸใ‚“
4.4) ใตใŸใ‚“ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ใตใŸใ‚“
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

่ฒ ๆ‹… (ใตใŸใ‚“) is the correct reading for the kanji ่ฒ ๆ‹…, which means 'burden' or 'responsibility', often used with costs. The sentence means 'Everyone bore the cost.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใถใ‚“ใฆใ‚“

This is an incorrect reading for ่ฒ ๆ‹….

2) ใตใฆใ‚“

This is an incorrect reading for ่ฒ ๆ‹….

3) ใถใ‚“ใŸใ‚“

This is the reading for ๅˆ†ๆ‹… (ใถใ‚“ใŸใ‚“), meaning 'sharing of duties', but ่ฒ ๆ‹… is the correct kanji for 'bearing a cost'.

Question 4

4. ๆน–ใซ<u>ๆ˜ ใฃใŸ</u>ๅค•ๆ—ฅใŒใใ‚Œใ„ใ ใ€‚

1.1) ใ‚ใŸใฃใŸ
2.2) ใฒใ‹ใฃใŸ
3.3) ใฆใฃใŸ
4.4) ใ†ใคใฃใŸ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ใ†ใคใฃใŸ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ๆ˜ ใฃใŸ (ใ†ใคใฃใŸ) is the past tense of ๆ˜ ใ‚‹, meaning 'to be reflected'. The sentence means 'The sunset reflected in the lake is beautiful.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ‚ใŸใฃใŸ

This is the reading for ๅฝ“ใŸใฃใŸ, meaning 'hit' or 'struck'.

2) ใฒใ‹ใฃใŸ

This is the reading for ๅ…‰ใฃใŸ, meaning 'shone' or 'glittered'.

3) ใฆใฃใŸ

This is an incorrect reading for ๆ˜ ใฃใŸ.

Question 5

5. 9ๆœˆใฎ<u>ไธ‹ๆ—ฌ</u>ใซๆ—…่กŒใซ่กŒใไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚

1.1) ใ’ใ—ใ‚…ใ‚“
2.2) ใ‹ใ˜ใ‚…ใ‚“
3.3) ใ’ใ˜ใ‚…ใ‚“ Correct
4.4) ใ‹ใ—ใ‚…ใ‚“
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ใ’ใ˜ใ‚…ใ‚“
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ไธ‹ๆ—ฌ (ใ’ใ˜ใ‚…ใ‚“) is the correct reading for the kanji ไธ‹ๆ—ฌ, which means 'the last ten days of a month'. The sentence means 'I plan to go on a trip in the last ten days of September.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ’ใ—ใ‚…ใ‚“

This is an incorrect reading for ไธ‹ๆ—ฌ.

2) ใ‹ใ˜ใ‚…ใ‚“

This is an incorrect reading for ไธ‹ๆ—ฌ.

4) ใ‹ใ—ใ‚…ใ‚“

This is an incorrect reading for ไธ‹ๆ—ฌ.

ๅ•้กŒ2___ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆผขๅญ—ใงๆ›ธใใจใใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’1ใƒป2ใƒป3ใƒป4ใƒปใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€ใค้ธใณใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Question 6

6. ใใฎ่กŒ็‚บใฏไบค้€šใƒซใƒผใƒซใซ<u>ใ„ใฏใ‚“</u>ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚

1.1) ๅ‰ๅˆค
2.2) ๅ‰ๅ
3.3) ้•ๅˆค
4.4) ้•ๅ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ้•ๅ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

้•ๅ (ใ„ใฏใ‚“) is the correct kanji for the reading ใ„ใฏใ‚“, meaning 'violation' or 'infringement'. The sentence means 'That act violates traffic rules.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๅ‰ๅˆค

This uses incorrect kanji. ๅ‰ (ใ„) means 'great', and ๅˆค (ใฏใ‚“) means 'judgment'.

2) ๅ‰ๅ

This uses incorrect kanji. ๅ‰ (ใ„) means 'great', and ๅ (ใฏใ‚“) means 'anti-' or 'opposite'.

3) ้•ๅˆค

This uses incorrect kanji. ้• (ใ„) means 'difference' or 'violation', but ๅˆค (ใฏใ‚“) is incorrect for this compound.

Question 7

7. <u>ใ„ใ•ใพใ—ใ„</u>ๅฃฐใŒ่žใ“ใˆใฆใใŸใ€‚

1.1) ๆˆฆใพใ—ใ„
2.2) ๅ‹‡ใพใ—ใ„ Correct
3.3) ้จ’ใพใ—ใ„
4.4) ๅ‹ขใพใ—ใ„
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ๅ‹‡ใพใ—ใ„
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ๅ‹‡ใพใ—ใ„ (ใ„ใ•ใพใ—ใ„) is the correct kanji for the reading ใ„ใ•ใพใ—ใ„, meaning 'brave', 'courageous', or 'heroic'. The sentence means 'A brave voice was heard.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๆˆฆใพใ—ใ„

This uses incorrect kanji. ๆˆฆ (ใ„ใใ•) means 'war'.

3) ้จ’ใพใ—ใ„

This is the kanji for ้จ’ใŒใ—ใ„ (ใ•ใ‚ใŒใ—ใ„), meaning 'noisy' or 'boisterous', not ใ„ใ•ใพใ—ใ„.

4) ๅ‹ขใพใ—ใ„

This uses incorrect kanji. ๅ‹ข (ใ„ใใŠใ„) means 'force' or 'vigor'.

Question 8

8. ใใฎๅบ—ใซใฏ<u>ใ‚ˆใ†ใ</u>ใช้ŸณๆฅฝใŒๆตใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚

1.1) ๆš่ตท
2.2) ๆšๆฐ—
3.3) ้™ฝๆฐ— Correct
4.4) ้™ฝ่ตท
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ้™ฝๆฐ—
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

้™ฝๆฐ— (ใ‚ˆใ†ใ) is the correct kanji for the reading ใ‚ˆใ†ใ, meaning 'cheerful', 'lively', or 'merry'. The sentence means 'Lively music was playing in that store.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๆš่ตท

This uses incorrect kanji. ๆš (ใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹) means 'to raise'.

2) ๆšๆฐ—

This uses incorrect kanji.

4) ้™ฝ่ตท

This uses incorrect kanji.

Question 9

9. ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒžใ‚’<u>ใฟใฎใŒใ—ใฆ</u>ใ—ใพใฃใŸใ€‚

1.1) ่ฆ‹้€ƒใ—ใฆ Correct
2.2) ่ฆ‹ๅปถใ—ใฆ
3.3) ่ฆ‹ๆฌ ใ—ใฆ
4.4) ่ฆ‹ๅŽปใ—ใฆ
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ่ฆ‹้€ƒใ—ใฆ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

่ฆ‹้€ƒใ—ใฆ (ใฟใฎใŒใ—ใฆ) is the correct kanji for the reading ใฟใฎใŒใ—ใฆ, which is the te-form of ่ฆ‹้€ƒใ™, meaning 'to miss' or 'to overlook'. The sentence means 'I ended up missing the drama I was looking forward to.'

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ่ฆ‹ๅปถใ—ใฆ

This uses incorrect kanji. ๅปถ (ใฎใณใ‚‹) means 'to extend'.

3) ่ฆ‹ๆฌ ใ—ใฆ

This uses incorrect kanji. ๆฌ  (ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹) means 'to lack'.

4) ่ฆ‹ๅŽปใ—ใฆ

This uses incorrect kanji. ๅŽป (ใ•ใ‚‹) means 'to leave'.

Question 10

10. ๆฅๆœˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€้“่ทฏใ‚’<u>ใ‹ใใกใ‚‡ใ†</u>ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅทฅไบ‹ใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ใ€‚

1.1) ๆ‹กๅผต Correct
2.2) ๅบƒๅผต
3.3) ๆ‹ก้•ท
4.4) ๅบƒ้•ท
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ๆ‹กๅผต
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ๆ‹กๅผต (ใ‹ใใกใ‚‡ใ†) is the correct kanji for the reading ใ‹ใใกใ‚‡ใ†, meaning 'expansion' or 'extension'. The sentence means 'Construction to expand the road will begin next month.'

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ๅบƒๅผต

This uses incorrect kanji.

3) ๆ‹ก้•ท

This uses incorrect kanji.

4) ๅบƒ้•ท

This uses incorrect kanji.

ๅ•้กŒ3 ( )ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ€1ใƒป2ใƒป3ใƒป4ใƒปใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€ใค้ธใณใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Question 11

11. ใ“ใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใฏ( ) ็”บ้•ทใฎๆ™‚ไปฃใซๅปบใฆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ€‚

1.1) ๅ…ˆ
2.2) ๅค
3.3) ๅ‰ Correct
4.4) ๆ˜”
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ๅ‰
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ๅ‰ (ใพใˆ) in this context means 'previous' or 'former'. 'ๅ‰็”บ้•ท' (ใพใˆใกใ‚‡ใ†ใกใ‚‡ใ†) means 'former town mayor'. The sentence means 'This building was built during the time of the former town mayor.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๅ…ˆ

ๅ…ˆ (ใ•ใ) means 'ahead' or 'previous' in time, but not typically for a position like 'mayor'.

2) ๅค

ๅค (ใตใ‚‹) means 'old', but doesn't combine with '็”บ้•ท' in this way.

4) ๆ˜”

ๆ˜” (ใ‚€ใ‹ใ—) means 'old times' or 'long ago', referring to a general past period, not a specific former position.

Question 12

12. ๆฑ ็”ฐใ•ใ‚“ใซใฏไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ไปŠๅ›žใฏ้ ผใฟ( ).

1.1) ใฅใ‚‰ใ„ Correct
2.2) ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„
3.3) ใใคใ„
4.4) ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ„
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ใฅใ‚‰ใ„
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

้ ผใฟใฅใ‚‰ใ„ (ใŸใฎใฟใฅใ‚‰ใ„) means 'difficult to ask a favor of'. The suffix -ใฅใ‚‰ใ„ indicates difficulty or unpleasantness in doing something. Since Mr. Ikeda has helped many times, it's difficult to ask him again. The sentence means 'Mr. Ikeda has helped me many times, so it's difficult to ask him this time.'

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„

ๆ‚ชใ„ (ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„) means 'bad'. '้ ผใฟใŒๆ‚ชใ„' is not a natural expression.

3) ใใคใ„

ใใคใ„ (ใใคใ„) means 'tight', 'strict', or 'tough'. '้ ผใฟใŒใใคใ„' is not a natural expression.

4) ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ„

ๅผฑใ„ (ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ„) means 'weak'. '้ ผใฟใŒๅผฑใ„' is not a natural expression.

Question 13

13. ใ“ใฎๆญŒใฎๆญŒ่ฉžใฏๆ”ฟๆฒป ( )ใŒๅผทใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€‚

1.1) ้ฆ™
2.2) ้ขจ
3.3) ๅ‘ณ
4.4) ่‰ฒ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ่‰ฒ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ๆ”ฟๆฒป่‰ฒ (ใ›ใ„ใ˜ใ—ใ‚‡ใ) means 'political overtones' or 'political coloring'. The word ่‰ฒ (ใ„ใ‚) can mean 'color' but also 'nature', 'character', or 'tendency' when combined with other words. The sentence means 'I feel that the lyrics of this song have strong political overtones.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ้ฆ™

้ฆ™ (ใ‹ใŠใ‚Š) means 'fragrance' or 'smell'. It does not fit the context of political influence.

2) ้ขจ

้ขจ (ใ‹ใœ) means 'wind' or 'style'. It does not fit the context of political influence.

3) ๅ‘ณ

ๅ‘ณ (ใ‚ใ˜) means 'taste' or 'flavor'. It does not fit the context of political influence.

ๅ•้กŒ4 ( )ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ€1ใƒป2ใƒป3ใƒป4ใƒปใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€ใค้ธใณใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Question 14

14. ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆฎ‹ๆฅญใง็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆๅค•้ฃŸใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใฎใŒ( )ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅค–ใง้ฃŸในใฆๅธฐใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใ†ใ€‚

1.1) ไฝ™่จˆ
2.2) ้ขๅ€’ Correct
3.3) ้Žๅ‰ฐ
4.4) ็„กๅŠ›
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ้ขๅ€’
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

้ขๅ€’ (ใ‚ใ‚“ใฉใ†) means 'troublesome', 'bothersome', or 'a hassle'. It fits the context of being too tired to do something. The sentence means 'I'm tired from overtime today, so making dinner is a hassle, I think I'll eat out and go home.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ไฝ™่จˆ

ไฝ™่จˆ (ใ‚ˆใ‘ใ„) means 'unnecessary', 'superfluous', or 'excessive'. It doesn't fit the context of being too tired to do something.

3) ้Žๅ‰ฐ

้Žๅ‰ฐ (ใ‹ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†) means 'excess' or 'surplus'. It doesn't fit the context.

4) ็„กๅŠ›

็„กๅŠ› (ใ‚€ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ) means 'powerless' or 'helpless'. While related to being tired, it's not the most natural fit for 'making dinner is...'

Question 15

15. ใ“ใฎ็Šฌใฎใƒญใƒœใƒƒใƒˆใฏๅ‹•ใใŒ่‡ช็„ถใงใ€ใพใ‚‹ใง( )ใฎ็Šฌใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใ ใ€‚

1.1) ๆœฌ็‰ฉ Correct
2.2) ็พ็Šถ
3.3) ไบ‹ๅฎŸ
4.4) ๆญฃๅผ
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ๆœฌ็‰ฉ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ๆœฌ็‰ฉ (ใปใ‚“ใ‚‚ใฎ) means 'the real thing' or 'genuine article'. It fits the context of a robot being so realistic it's like a real dog. The sentence means 'This robot dog moves so naturally, it's just like a real dog.'

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ็พ็Šถ

็พ็Šถ (ใ’ใ‚“ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†) means 'present condition' or 'status quo'. It doesn't fit the context.

3) ไบ‹ๅฎŸ

ไบ‹ๅฎŸ (ใ˜ใ˜ใค) means 'fact' or 'truth'. It doesn't fit the context.

4) ๆญฃๅผ

ๆญฃๅผ (ใ›ใ„ใ—ใ) means 'formal' or 'official'. It doesn't fit the context.

Question 16

16. ๅฑฑไธ‹ๅ…ˆ่ผฉใฏ็งใฎ( )ใง ใ€ใ„ใคใ‹ๅฑฑไธ‹ๅ…ˆ่ผฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚

1.1) ใ‚ใ“ใŒใ‚Œ Correct
2.2) ๆœ›ใฟ
3.3) ้ก˜ใ„
4.4) ๅคข
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ใ‚ใ“ใŒใ‚Œ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ใ‚ใ“ใŒใ‚Œ (ๆ†งใ‚Œ) means 'longing', 'yearning', or 'admiration'. It refers to someone or something one looks up to and wishes to be like. The sentence means 'Yamashita-senpai is my idol, and I hope to become like Yamashita-senpai someday.'

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ๆœ›ใฟ

ๆœ›ใฟ (ใฎใžใฟ) means 'wish' or 'hope'. While related, it doesn't convey the sense of admiration for a person as strongly as ใ‚ใ“ใŒใ‚Œ.

3) ้ก˜ใ„

้ก˜ใ„ (ใญใŒใ„) means 'wish' or 'desire'. Similar to ๆœ›ใฟ, it doesn't specifically imply admiration for a person.

4) ๅคข

ๅคข (ใ‚†ใ‚) means 'dream'. While becoming like someone can be a dream, ใ‚ใ“ใŒใ‚Œ specifically implies admiration and aspiration towards a person.

Question 17

17. ไปŠๆ—ฅไผš็คพใงไบฌ้ƒฝๆ”ฏ็คพใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฑไบฌๆœฌ็คพใธใฎ( )ใ‚’ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€ไปŠๆœˆๆœซใซๆฑไบฌใธๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ™ใ“ใจใซใชใฃใŸใ€‚

1.1) ็งป่กŒ
2.2) ่ปข่ท
3.3) ่ปขๅ‹ค Correct
4.4) ็งปไฝ
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ่ปขๅ‹ค
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

่ปขๅ‹ค (ใฆใ‚“ใใ‚“) means 'job transfer' (within the same company). This fits the context of moving from one branch to another within the same company. The sentence means 'Today at work, I was ordered to transfer from the Kyoto branch to the Tokyo head office, so I'll be moving to Tokyo at the end of this month.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ็งป่กŒ

็งป่กŒ (ใ„ใ“ใ†) means 'transition' or 'shift' (e.g., system migration), not a job transfer for a person.

2) ่ปข่ท

่ปข่ท (ใฆใ‚“ใ—ใ‚‡ใ) means 'changing jobs' (to a different company), not a transfer within the same company.

4) ็งปไฝ

็งปไฝ (ใ„ใ˜ใ‚…ใ†) means 'emigration' or 'relocation' (often to a different country or region for living), which is too broad for a company transfer.

Question 18

18.ใ“ใฎ่พบใ‚Šใฎ่พฒๅฎถใฏใ€็„ก่พฒ่–ฌใง้‡Ž่œใ‚’( )ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

1.1) ๅˆถไฝœ
2.2) ๆ ฝๅŸน Correct
3.3) ้คŠๆˆ
4.4) ่ฃฝ้€ 
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ๆ ฝๅŸน
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ๆ ฝๅŸน (ใ•ใ„ใฐใ„) means 'cultivation' or 'growing' (plants). This is the correct term for farmers growing vegetables. The sentence means 'Farmers in this area cultivate vegetables without pesticides.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๅˆถไฝœ

ๅˆถไฝœ (ใ›ใ„ใ•ใ) means 'production' or 'creation' (e.g., art, film), not for growing vegetables.

3) ้คŠๆˆ

้คŠๆˆ (ใ‚ˆใ†ใ›ใ„) means 'training' or 'fostering' (e.g., talent, skills), not for growing vegetables.

4) ่ฃฝ้€ 

่ฃฝ้€  (ใ›ใ„ใžใ†) means 'manufacture' or 'production' (e.g., industrial goods), not for growing vegetables.

Question 19

19. ๅฝผใฏ็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆไฝ•ใ‚‚่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใŒใ€( ) ใ“ใจใงๅŒๆ„ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚

1.1) ใตใ‚Šใ‚€ใ
2.2) ใซใ‚‰ใ‚€
3.3) ใ‹ใŒใ‚€
4.4) ใ†ใชใšใ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ใ†ใชใšใ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ใ†ใชใšใ (้ ทใ) means 'to nod' (in agreement). This action naturally indicates agreement without speaking. The sentence means 'He didn't say anything about my opinion, but he showed his agreement by nodding.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใตใ‚Šใ‚€ใ

ใตใ‚Šใ‚€ใ (ๆŒฏใ‚Šๅ‘ใ) means 'to turn around' or 'to look back'. This does not indicate agreement.

2) ใซใ‚‰ใ‚€

ใซใ‚‰ใ‚€ (็จใ‚€) means 'to glare at' or 'to stare at'. This indicates disapproval or suspicion, not agreement.

3) ใ‹ใŒใ‚€

ใ‹ใŒใ‚€ (ๅฑˆใ‚€) means 'to crouch' or 'to bend down'. This does not indicate agreement.

Question 20

20. ๆœบใฎไธŠใŒใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใช็‰ฉใง( )ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ—ฉใใใ‚Œใ„ใซ็‰‡ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚

1.1) ใใกใ‚“ใจ
2.2) ใผใ‚“ใ‚„ใ‚Š
3.3) ใ”ใกใ‚ƒใ”ใกใ‚ƒ Correct
4.4) ใใ‚‡ใ‚ใใ‚‡ใ‚
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ใ”ใกใ‚ƒใ”ใกใ‚ƒ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ใ”ใกใ‚ƒใ”ใกใ‚ƒ (gocagoca) is an onomatopoeic word meaning 'messy', 'disordered', or 'jumbled'. It perfectly describes a desk cluttered with various things. The sentence means 'My desk is cluttered with various things, so let's clean it up quickly.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใใกใ‚“ใจ

ใใกใ‚“ใจ (kichinto) means 'properly', 'neatly', or 'accurately'. This is the opposite of the intended meaning.

2) ใผใ‚“ใ‚„ใ‚Š

ใผใ‚“ใ‚„ใ‚Š (bon'yari) means 'dimly', 'vaguely', or 'absentmindedly'. This describes a state of mind or appearance, not a messy desk.

4) ใใ‚‡ใ‚ใใ‚‡ใ‚

ใใ‚‡ใ‚ใใ‚‡ใ‚ (kyorokyoro) means 'looking around restlessly' or 'gazing about'. This describes an action, not the state of a desk.

ๅ•้กŒ5___ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใซๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚่ฟ‘ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ€1ใƒป2ใƒป3ใƒป4ใƒปใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€ใค้ธใณใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Question 21

21. ใ“ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚<u>ใƒใƒผใƒ‰</u>ใ ใ€‚

1.1) ๆฅฝใ—ใ„
2.2) ็ฐกๅ˜ใ 
3.3) ๅคงๅค‰ใ  Correct
4.4) ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ๅคงๅค‰ใ 
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ใƒใƒผใƒ‰ (hard) is a loanword meaning 'difficult', 'tough', or 'demanding'. ๅคงๅค‰ใ  (ใŸใ„ใธใ‚“ใ ) means 'difficult', 'tough', or 'terrible', making it the closest synonym. The sentence means 'This job is very hard/tough.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๆฅฝใ—ใ„

ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ (ใŸใฎใ—ใ„) means 'fun' or 'enjoyable', which is the opposite of 'hard'.

2) ็ฐกๅ˜ใ 

็ฐกๅ˜ใ  (ใ‹ใ‚“ใŸใ‚“ใ ) means 'easy' or 'simple', which is the opposite of 'hard'.

4) ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„

ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ (ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„) means 'new'. This is unrelated to the meaning of 'hard'.

Question 22

22.ใใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใ„ใฆ<u>ๅ‹•ๆบ</u>ใ—ใŸใ€‚

1.1) ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใใชใฃใŸ
2.2) ไธๅฎ‰ใซใชใฃใŸ Correct
3.3) ไธๆบ€ใซๆ€ใฃใŸ
4.4) ้ข็™ฝใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใŸ
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ไธๅฎ‰ใซใชใฃใŸ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ๅ‹•ๆบ (ใฉใ†ใ‚ˆใ†)ใ™ใ‚‹ means 'to be shaken', 'to be disturbed', or 'to be upset'. ไธๅฎ‰ใซใชใฃใŸ (ใตใ‚ใ‚“ใซใชใฃใŸ) means 'became uneasy' or 'became anxious', which is the closest meaning. The sentence means 'I was disturbed/upset after hearing that story.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใใชใฃใŸ

ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใใชใฃใŸ means 'became happy', which is the opposite of being disturbed.

3) ไธๆบ€ใซๆ€ใฃใŸ

ไธๆบ€ใซๆ€ใฃใŸ means 'felt dissatisfied'. While a negative emotion, it's not the same as being shaken or disturbed.

4) ้ข็™ฝใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใŸ

้ข็™ฝใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใŸ means 'thought it was interesting', which is unrelated to ๅ‹•ๆบ.

Question 23

23. ๆ—ฉใ<u>ๅผ•ใ่ฟ”ใ—ใŸ</u>ใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใ€‚

1.1) ๆ‰•ใฃใŸ
2.2) ็›ดใ—ใŸ
3.3) ๆˆปใฃใŸใ€‚ Correct
4.4) ็ญ”ใˆใŸใ€‚
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ๆˆปใฃใŸใ€‚
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ๅผ•ใ่ฟ”ใ™ (ใฒใใ‹ใˆใ™) means 'to turn back' or 'to return'. ๆˆปใ‚‹ (ใ‚‚ใฉใ‚‹) means 'to return' or 'to go back', making it the closest synonym. The sentence means 'It's better to turn back quickly.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๆ‰•ใฃใŸ

ๆ‰•ใฃใŸ is the past tense of ๆ‰•ใ† (ใฏใ‚‰ใ†), meaning 'paid'.

2) ็›ดใ—ใŸ

็›ดใ—ใŸ is the past tense of ็›ดใ™ (ใชใŠใ™), meaning 'fixed' or 'corrected'.

4) ็ญ”ใˆใŸใ€‚

็ญ”ใˆใŸ is the past tense of ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ (ใ“ใŸใˆใ‚‹), meaning 'answered'.

Question 24

24. ๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ‚’<u>ไธ€ๅฑค</u>ๅผทๅŒ–ใ—ใŸใ„ใ€‚

1.1) ใ™ใใซ
2.2) ๅฐ‘ใ—
3.3) ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘
4.4) ใ‚‚ใฃใจ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ใ‚‚ใฃใจ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ไธ€ๅฑค (ใ„ใฃใใ†) means 'even more', 'still more', or 'further'. ใ‚‚ใฃใจ (motto) means 'more', which is the closest synonym. The sentence means 'I want to further strengthen the functions.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ™ใใซ

ใ™ใใซ (sugu ni) means 'immediately'.

2) ๅฐ‘ใ—

ๅฐ‘ใ— (sukoshi) means 'a little', which is the opposite of 'even more'.

3) ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘

ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ (dekiru dake) means 'as much as possible'.

Question 25

25. ๆ€ฅใซใฒใฉใ„้ ญ็—›ใŒใ—ใฆใใŸใฎใงใ€<u>ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใคใ‘</u>ใฎ็—…้™ขใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ€‚

1.1) ใ„ใคใ‚‚่กŒใ Correct
2.2) ไผ‘ๆ—ฅใ‚‚้–‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
3.3) ่ฟ‘ใใฎ
4.4) ๅฐ‚้–€ใฎ
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ใ„ใคใ‚‚่กŒใ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใคใ‘ (kakari-tsuke) refers to a place (like a doctor or hospital) that one regularly visits or is accustomed to. ใ„ใคใ‚‚่กŒใ (itsumo iku) means 'always go to', which is the closest meaning. The sentence means 'I suddenly got a terrible headache, so I went to my regular hospital.'

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ไผ‘ๆ—ฅใ‚‚้–‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹

ไผ‘ๆ—ฅใ‚‚้–‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ means 'also open on holidays'. This is not the primary meaning of ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใคใ‘.

3) ่ฟ‘ใใฎ

่ฟ‘ใใฎ means 'nearby'. While a regular hospital might be nearby, this is not the core meaning of ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใคใ‘.

4) ๅฐ‚้–€ใฎ

ๅฐ‚้–€ใฎ means 'specialized'. While a regular hospital might be specialized, this is not the core meaning of ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใคใ‘.

ๅ•้กŒ6 ๆฌกใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใจใ—ใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚่ฟ‘ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ€1ใƒป2ใƒป3ใƒป4ใƒปใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€ใค้ธใณใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Question 26

26. ็‰นๆฎŠ

1.1) ใใฎๆ—ฅใฏๅคใชใฎใซ<u>็‰นๆฎŠ</u>ใชๅฏ’ใ•ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
2.2) ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง่‚ฒใฆใŸ้‡Ž่œใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใฎใฏ<u>็‰นๆฎŠ</u>ใชๅ–œใณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
3.3) ๆฏใฏ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใชใฉใ€<u>็‰นๆฎŠ</u>ใชๆ—ฅใซใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ฑช่ฏใชๆ–™็†ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€‚
4.4) ใƒใ‚นใ‚’้‹่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใฏ<u>็‰นๆฎŠ</u>ใชๅ…่จฑใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใ€‚ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ใƒใ‚นใ‚’้‹่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใฏ<u>็‰นๆฎŠ</u>ใชๅ…่จฑใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใ€‚
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

็‰นๆฎŠ (ใจใใ—ใ‚…) means 'special', 'peculiar', or 'unique', implying something that deviates from the norm and requires specific conditions or qualifications. Option 4, 'To drive a bus, a special license is required,' correctly uses ็‰นๆฎŠ to describe a license that is not standard and is required for a specific, non-general purpose.

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใใฎๆ—ฅใฏๅคใชใฎใซ<u>็‰นๆฎŠ</u>ใชๅฏ’ใ•ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚

While 'special coldness' might sound plausible, '็•ฐๅธธใชๅฏ’ใ•' (unusual coldness) or '็‰นๅˆฅใชๅฏ’ใ•' (particular coldness) would be more natural. ็‰นๆฎŠ implies a unique *kind* or *nature*, not just an unusual degree.

2) ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง่‚ฒใฆใŸ้‡Ž่œใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใฎใฏ<u>็‰นๆฎŠ</u>ใชๅ–œใณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚

'็‰นๅˆฅใชๅ–œใณ' (special joy) or 'ๆ ผๅˆฅใชๅ–œใณ' (exceptional joy) would be more appropriate. ็‰นๆฎŠ doesn't fit well with subjective feelings like joy.

3) ๆฏใฏ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใชใฉใ€<u>็‰นๆฎŠ</u>ใชๆ—ฅใซใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ฑช่ฏใชๆ–™็†ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€‚

'็‰นๅˆฅใชๆ—ฅ' (special day) is the correct term for occasions like birthdays. ็‰นๆฎŠ is too strong and implies something highly unusual or unique in its nature, not just a celebratory day.

Question 27

27. ็ด ๆ

1.1) ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใฏ็Ÿณๆฒนใ‚’<u>็ด ๆ</u>ใซไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
2.2) ใ“ใฎใŠๅบ—ใฏ<u>็ด ๆ</u>ใฎๅ‘ณใ‚’็”Ÿใ‹ใ—ใŸๆ–™็†ใงๆœ‰ๅใงใ™ใ€‚ Correct
3.3) ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใฆใ€ๅˆคๆ–ญใฎ<u>็ด ๆ</u>ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
4.4) ๆ•…้šœใฎ<u>็ด ๆ</u>ใซใชใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŽขใ•ใชใใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ€‚
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ใ“ใฎใŠๅบ—ใฏ<u>็ด ๆ</u>ใฎๅ‘ณใ‚’็”Ÿใ‹ใ—ใŸๆ–™็†ใงๆœ‰ๅใงใ™ใ€‚
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

็ด ๆ (ใใ–ใ„) means 'material', 'ingredient', or 'raw material'. It refers to the basic elements from which something is made or composed. Option 2, 'This restaurant is famous for dishes that bring out the natural flavor of the ingredients,' correctly uses ็ด ๆ to refer to food ingredients.

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใฏ็Ÿณๆฒนใ‚’<u>็ด ๆ</u>ใซไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚

While ็Ÿณๆฒน (oil) is a raw material, ๅŽŸๆ–™ (ใ’ใ‚“ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†: raw material) is more commonly used for primary substances like oil from which something is manufactured. ็ด ๆ is more about the *type* of material or ingredient.

3) ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใฆใ€ๅˆคๆ–ญใฎ<u>็ด ๆ</u>ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚

For 'material for judgment', ่ณ‡ๆ–™ (ใ—ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†: data, materials) or ๆ นๆ‹  (ใ“ใ‚“ใใ‚‡: basis, grounds) would be more appropriate. ็ด ๆ is not typically used for abstract information in this way.

4) ๆ•…้šœใฎ<u>็ด ๆ</u>ใซใชใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŽขใ•ใชใใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ€‚

For 'cause of breakdown', ๅŽŸๅ›  (ใ’ใ‚“ใ„ใ‚“: cause) is the correct word. ็ด ๆ is not used to mean 'cause'.

Question 28

28. ใ—ใฟใ‚‹

1.1) ้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใใŸใƒœใƒผใƒซใŒ้ ญใซ<u>ใ—ใฟใฆ</u>ใ€ใ‘ใŒใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ€‚
2.2) ็…™ใŒ็›ฎใซ<u>ใ—ใฟใฆ</u>ใ€ๆถ™ใŒๆญขใพใ‚‰ใชใใชใฃใŸใ€‚ Correct
3.3) ้ฃŸในใ™ใŽใงใ€ใƒ™ใƒซใƒˆใŒใŠใชใ‹ใซ<u>ใ—ใฟใฆ</u>่‹ฆใ—ใ„ใ€‚
4.4) ๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซๅŒ…ไธใฎๅ…ˆใŒๆŒ‡ใซ<u>ใ—ใฟใฆ</u>ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—่ก€ใŒๅ‡บใŸใ€‚
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ็…™ใŒ็›ฎใซ<u>ใ—ใฟใฆ</u>ใ€ๆถ™ใŒๆญขใพใ‚‰ใชใใชใฃใŸใ€‚
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ใ—ใฟใ‚‹ (ๆŸ“ใฟใ‚‹) means 'to soak into', 'to penetrate', or 'to sting/smart'. It describes a sensation of something penetrating or affecting a part of the body, often causing a stinging or painful feeling. Option 2, 'Smoke got into my eyes and stung, and I couldn't stop crying,' correctly uses ใ—ใฟใ‚‹ to describe the stinging sensation caused by smoke.

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใใŸใƒœใƒผใƒซใŒ้ ญใซ<u>ใ—ใฟใฆ</u>ใ€ใ‘ใŒใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ€‚

For a ball hitting the head, ๅฝ“ใŸใ‚‹ (ใ‚ใŸใ‚‹: to hit) or ใถใคใ‹ใ‚‹ (ใถใคใ‹ใ‚‹: to collide) would be used. ใ—ใฟใ‚‹ is not for physical impact.

3) ้ฃŸในใ™ใŽใงใ€ใƒ™ใƒซใƒˆใŒใŠใชใ‹ใซ<u>ใ—ใฟใฆ</u>่‹ฆใ—ใ„ใ€‚

For a belt feeling tight, ้ฃŸใ„่พผใ‚€ (ใใ„ใ“ใ‚€: to dig into) or ใใคใ„ (kitsui: tight) would be used. ใ—ใฟใ‚‹ is not for physical pressure.

4) ๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซๅŒ…ไธใฎๅ…ˆใŒๆŒ‡ใซ<u>ใ—ใฟใฆ</u>ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—่ก€ใŒๅ‡บใŸใ€‚

For a knife tip piercing a finger, ๅˆบใ•ใ‚‹ (ใ•ใ•ใ‚‹: to pierce) or ๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใ‚‹ (ใใ‚Œใ‚‹: to cut) would be used. ใ—ใฟใ‚‹ is not for cutting or piercing.

Question 29

29. ๅ……ๆบ€

1.1) ใ“ใฎๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹ๅˆ†้‡ŽใฎๆœฌใŒ<u>ๅ……ๆบ€</u>ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ไพฟๅˆฉใ ใ€‚
2.2) ใ“ใฎใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใƒˆใฏไบบๆฐ—ใŒใ‚ใฃใฆใ€ๅธธใซ่ฆณๅฎขใŒ<u>ๅ……ๆบ€</u>ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
3.3) ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใซ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฎๅผทใ„ใซใŠใ„ใŒ<u>ๅ……ๆบ€</u>ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€็ช“ใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใŸใ€‚ Correct
4.4) ๅคขใŒ<u>ๅ……ๆบ€</u>ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅญใฉใ‚‚ใŸใกใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ€ๅฐๅญฆๆ กใฎๆ•™ๅธซใซใชใฃใŸใ€‚
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใซ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฎๅผทใ„ใซใŠใ„ใŒ<u>ๅ……ๆบ€</u>ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€็ช“ใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใŸใ€‚
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ๅ……ๆบ€ (ใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใพใ‚“)ใ™ใ‚‹ means 'to be filled with', 'to be permeated with', or 'to pervade'. It often describes a space being completely filled with a substance, gas, or atmosphere. Option 3, 'The room was filled with a strong smell of food, so I opened the window,' correctly uses ๅ……ๆบ€ to describe a smell pervading a space.

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ“ใฎๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹ๅˆ†้‡ŽใฎๆœฌใŒ<u>ๅ……ๆบ€</u>ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ไพฟๅˆฉใ ใ€‚

For books filling a library, ๆƒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ (ใใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹: to be complete/available) or ่ฑŠๅฏŒใซใ‚ใ‚‹ (ใปใ†ใตใซใ‚ใ‚‹: to be abundant) would be more natural. ๅ……ๆบ€ is not typically used for objects like books.

2) ใ“ใฎใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใƒˆใฏไบบๆฐ—ใŒใ‚ใฃใฆใ€ๅธธใซ่ฆณๅฎขใŒ<u>ๅ……ๆบ€</u>ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚

For an audience filling a venue, ๆบ€ๅ“ก (ใพใ‚“ใ„ใ‚“: full capacity) or ๆบขใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ (ใ‚ใตใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹: overflowing) would be more appropriate. ๅ……ๆบ€ is not typically used for people.

4) ๅคขใŒ<u>ๅ……ๆบ€</u>ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅญใฉใ‚‚ใŸใกใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ€ๅฐๅญฆๆ กใฎๆ•™ๅธซใซใชใฃใŸใ€‚

For children full of dreams, ๅคขใซๆบ€ใกใฆใ„ใ‚‹ (ใ‚†ใ‚ใซใฟใกใฆใ„ใ‚‹: filled with dreams) or ๅคขใŒใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใ  (ใ‚†ใ‚ใŒใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใ : full of dreams) would be more natural. ๅ……ๆบ€ is not typically used for abstract concepts like dreams in this way.

Question 30

30. ใ‚ใใ‚‹

1.1) ใ“ใฎๅฐ่ชฌใฏ้ข็™ฝใใฆใ€ๆฌกใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’<u>ใ‚ใใ‚‹</u>ใฎใŒๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ ใฃใŸใ€‚ Correct
2.2) ๆฑ—ใ‚’ใ‹ใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚ชใƒซใ‚’ๆฐดใงใฌใ‚‰ใ—ใ€ใใคใ<u>ใ‚ใใฃใฆ</u>ไฝ“ใ‚’ใตใ„ใŸใ€‚
3.3) ๅฐ็ญ’ใซๆ›ธ้กžใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ€้–‹ใ‹ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไธๅฏงใซใฎใ‚Šใง<u>ใ‚ใใฃใฆ</u>ใŠใ„ใŸใ€‚
4.4) ใใฎใƒ‰ใ‚ขใฏๆŠผใ™ใฎใงใฏใชใใฆๆ‰‹ๅ‰ใซ<u>ใ‚ใใ‚‰ใชใ„</u>ใจ้–‹ใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ใ“ใฎๅฐ่ชฌใฏ้ข็™ฝใใฆใ€ๆฌกใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’<u>ใ‚ใใ‚‹</u>ใฎใŒๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ใ‚ใใ‚‹ (ๆฒใ‚‹) means 'to turn over' or 'to flip over' (e.g., pages, calendars). Option 1, 'This novel was interesting, and I looked forward to turning the next page,' correctly uses ใ‚ใใ‚‹ for turning pages.

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ๆฑ—ใ‚’ใ‹ใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚ชใƒซใ‚’ๆฐดใงใฌใ‚‰ใ—ใ€ใใคใ<u>ใ‚ใใฃใฆ</u>ไฝ“ใ‚’ใตใ„ใŸใ€‚

For wringing out a towel, ็ตžใ‚‹ (ใ—ใผใ‚‹: to wring) is used. ใ‚ใใ‚‹ is not for wringing.

3) ๅฐ็ญ’ใซๆ›ธ้กžใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ€้–‹ใ‹ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไธๅฏงใซใฎใ‚Šใง<u>ใ‚ใใฃใฆ</u>ใŠใ„ใŸใ€‚

For sealing an envelope with glue, ่ฒผใ‚‹ (ใฏใ‚‹: to stick) or ้–‰ใ˜ใ‚‹ (ใจใ˜ใ‚‹: to close) is used. ใ‚ใใ‚‹ is not for sealing.

4) ใใฎใƒ‰ใ‚ขใฏๆŠผใ™ใฎใงใฏใชใใฆๆ‰‹ๅ‰ใซ<u>ใ‚ใใ‚‰ใชใ„</u>ใจ้–‹ใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ€‚

For pulling a door open, ๅผ•ใ (ใฒใ: to pull) is used. ใ‚ใใ‚‹ is not for opening a door by pulling.

ๅ•้กŒ7 ๆฌกใฎๆ–‡ใฎ( )ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ€1ใƒป2ใƒป3ใƒป4ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€ใค้ธใณใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Question 31

31. Xๅธ‚ใจYๅธ‚ใ‚’็ตใถๆฉ‹ใŒใ€็ด„ 10ๅนดใฎๅทฅไบ‹( )ใ€ๆ˜จๅนดใ‚ˆใ†ใ‚„ใๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใŸใ€‚

1.1) ใฎ้š›
2.2) ใฎๆœซ Correct
3.3) ใฎใŸใณ
4.4) ใฎใ‚‚ใจ
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ใฎๆœซ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

๏ฝžใฎๆœซ (๏ฝžใฎใ™ใˆ) means 'at the end of ~', 'after ~', or 'as a result of ~'. It indicates that something happened after a long process or a series of events. The sentence means 'The bridge connecting X City and Y City was finally completed last year, after about 10 years of construction.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใฎ้š›

๏ฝžใฎ้š› (๏ฝžใฎใ•ใ„) means 'at the time of ~' or 'on the occasion of ~'. It refers to a specific point in time, not a duration or result.

3) ใฎใŸใณ

๏ฝžใฎใŸใณ (๏ฝžใฎใŸใณ) means 'every time ~' or 'whenever ~'. It indicates repetition.

4) ใฎใ‚‚ใจ

๏ฝžใฎใ‚‚ใจ (๏ฝžใฎใ‚‚ใจ) means 'under ~' (e.g., under the guidance of, under the condition of).

Question 32

32. ใ€Œ็”ฐไธญใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ“ใฎไผš็คพใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ€ใพใ ็ง˜ๅฏ†ใฟใŸใ„ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ‚ชใ„ใ‘ใฉใ€่žใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸ( )ใซใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใชใ„?ใ€

1.1) ย ใ“ใจ Correct
2.2) ย ใ ใ‘
3.3) ใ‚‚ใฎ
4.4) ใฎ
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ย ใ“ใจ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

๏ฝžใ“ใจใซใ™ใ‚‹ means 'to decide to do ~' or 'to make it a rule to do ~'. In this context, '่žใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซใ™ใ‚‹' means 'to pretend not to have heard'. It's a common fixed expression. The sentence means 'The news that Mr. Tanaka is leaving this company seems to still be a secret, so I'm sorry, but could you pretend you didn't hear it?'

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ย ใ ใ‘

๏ฝžใ ใ‘ means 'only'. '่žใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ ใ‘ใซใ™ใ‚‹' is grammatically incorrect and doesn't convey the meaning of pretending.

3) ใ‚‚ใฎ

๏ฝžใ‚‚ใฎ is used for general tendencies or reasons. '่žใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใซใ™ใ‚‹' is grammatically incorrect.

4) ใฎ

๏ฝžใฎ is a nominalizer. '่žใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใซใ™ใ‚‹' is grammatically incorrect.

Question 33

33.ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ใ‚ˆใใŠ่…นใŒ็—›ใใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็—…้™ขใง่จบใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€( )ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚

1.1) ใฉใ†ใ‹
2.2) ใพใ•ใ‹
3.3) ใŠใใ‚‰ใ Correct
4.4) ใ„ใฃใŸใ„
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ใŠใใ‚‰ใ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ใŠใใ‚‰ใ (osoraku) means 'probably' or 'most likely'. It expresses a high degree of probability, fitting the context of a doctor's diagnosis. The sentence means 'Recently, I've been having stomach aches often, so when I had it checked at the hospital, I was told it's probably caused by stress.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใฉใ†ใ‹

ใฉใ†ใ‹ (dลka) means 'please' or 'somehow'. Used for requests or uncertainty, not for expressing high probability.

2) ใพใ•ใ‹

ใพใ•ใ‹ (masaka) means 'by no means', 'impossible', or 'you don't say!'. Expresses strong disbelief.

4) ใ„ใฃใŸใ„

ใ„ใฃใŸใ„ (ittai) means 'what on earth', 'how in the world'. Used to express strong doubt or surprise.

Question 34

34๏ผŽ ็งใฏใ€ๆ€ฅใช้›จ๏ผˆใ€€๏ผ‰ใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆŠ˜ใ‚Š็•ณใฟๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใกๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚

1.1) ใซๅใ—ใฆ
2.2) ใซๅŠ ใˆใฆ
3.3) ใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆ Correct
4.4) ใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆ
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

๏ฝžใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆ (๏ฝžใซใใชใˆใฆ) means 'in preparation for ~' or 'in case of ~'. It indicates taking precautions for a future event, which fits carrying an umbrella for sudden rain. The sentence means 'I always carry a folding umbrella in preparation for sudden rain.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใซๅใ—ใฆ

๏ฝžใซๅใ—ใฆ (๏ฝžใซใฏใ‚“ใ—ใฆ) means 'contrary to ~' or 'against ~'.

2) ใซๅŠ ใˆใฆ

๏ฝžใซๅŠ ใˆใฆ (๏ฝžใซใใ‚ใˆใฆ) means 'in addition to ~' or 'as well as ~'.

4) ใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆ

๏ฝžใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆ (๏ฝžใซใŠใ†ใ˜ใฆ) means 'in response to ~' or 'according to ~'.

Question 35

35. (่‡ช่ปข่ปŠๅฑ‹ใง)</br>ๅฎข:ใ€Œใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใฎใƒ–ใƒฌใƒผใ‚ญใ€‚ๅฃŠใ‚Œใกใ‚ƒใฃใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‘ใฉใ€ใ™ใ็›ดใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ใ€</br>ๅบ—ๅ“ก:ใ€Œใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ 30 ๅˆ†( )็›ดใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚ใ€

1.1) ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซ
2.2) ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ Correct
3.3) ใฏใชใ„ใฎใซ
4.4) ใฏใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ใ€Œ๏ฝžใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ in this context means 'if there are even ~' or 'with just ~'. It implies that 30 minutes is sufficient time for the repair. The sentence means '(At a bicycle shop) Customer: 'Excuse me, my bicycle's brakes broke, can it be fixed right away?' Shop staff: 'Let's see, if it's this, it can be fixed in just 30 minutes.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซ

๏ฝžใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซ means 'even though there is/are ~'. It doesn't fit the context of sufficiency.

3) ใฏใชใ„ใฎใซ

๏ฝžใฏใชใ„ใฎใซ means 'even though there isn't/aren't ~'.

4) ใฏใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ

๏ฝžใฏใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ means 'if there isn't/aren't ~'.

Question 36

36.(่ฌ›ๆผ”ไผšใง)</br>ๅธไผšใ€Œใ”ๆฅๅ ดใฎ็š†ๆง˜ใ€ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏ็ฌฌ3ๅ›žใ•ใใ‚‰ๅธ‚ๆ•™่‚ฒ่ฌ›ๆผ”ไผšใซ( )ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€

1.1) ใพใ„ใ‚Š
2.2) ใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚Š
3.3) ใŠ็›ฎใซใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Š
4.4) ใŠใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ‚Š Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ใŠใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ‚Š
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

ใŠใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ‚Š is a highly polite honorific expression (ๅฐŠๆ•ฌ่ชž - sonkeigo) for 'coming' or 'attending'. It's used by a host to thank guests for their presence. The sentence means '(At a lecture) Host: 'Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for coming to the 3rd Sakura City Education Lecture today.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใพใ„ใ‚Š

ใพใ„ใ‚Š (ๅ‚ใ‚Š) is the humble form (่ฌ™่ญฒ่ชž - kenjougo) of 'to come' or 'to go'. It's used by the speaker to humble themselves, not to honor the listener.

2) ใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚Š

ใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚Š (ใ”ใ‚‰ใ‚“ใซใชใ‚Š) is the honorific form of 'to see' or 'to look'. It is not appropriate for 'coming'.

3) ใŠ็›ฎใซใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Š

ใŠ็›ฎใซใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Š (ใŠใ‚ใซใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Š) is the humble form of 'to meet'. It is not appropriate for 'coming'.

Question 37

37. ๅคซใฏๅ‹•็‰ฉใŒๅฅฝใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’้ฃผใ„ใŸใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€( )ใ€‚

1.1) ๅๅฏพใ—ใ‹ใญใ‚‹
2.2) ๅๅฏพใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„
3.3) ๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ„ใ„
4.4) ๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใซๆฑบใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใซๆฑบใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

๏ฝžใซๆฑบใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ (๏ฝžใซใใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹) means 'it's certain that ~' or 'it's bound to be ~'. It expresses the speaker's strong conviction or certainty, which fits the husband's known dislike of animals. The sentence means 'My husband doesn't like animals, so even if I say I want to get a pet, he's definitely going to object.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๅๅฏพใ—ใ‹ใญใ‚‹

ๅๅฏพใ—ใ‹ใญใ‚‹ (ใฏใ‚“ใŸใ„ใ—ใ‹ใญใ‚‹) means 'cannot help but oppose' or 'find it difficult to oppose'. This implies a reluctance to oppose, which contradicts the husband's dislike of animals.

2) ๅๅฏพใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„

ๅๅฏพใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„ (ใฏใ‚“ใŸใ„ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„) means 'there's no way to oppose' or 'it's impossible to oppose'. This implies the speaker cannot oppose, which is not the meaning.

3) ๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ„ใ„

ๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ (ใฏใ‚“ใŸใ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ„ใ„) means 'if he opposes, it's fine'. This contradicts the likely negative outcome of the husband's opposition.

Question 38

38. ไปŠใฏใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใ‚‚ๆผ”ๅЇใ‚‚ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ™‚ไปฃใ ใŒใ€็›ดๆŽฅ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ( )ๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ๆ„Ÿๅ‹•ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚

1.1) ใจใฃใฆใ—ใ‹
2.2) ใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ—ใ‹ Correct
3.3) ใคใ„ใฆใฎใฟ
4.4) ๅฏพใ—ใฆใฎใฟ
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ—ใ‹
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

๏ฝžใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ—ใ‹๏ฝžใชใ„ means 'only by means of ~' or 'only through ~'. It emphasizes that something can only be achieved or experienced through a specific method or cause. The sentence means 'Nowadays, sports and theater can be watched on TV, but there is a kind of emotion that can only be gained by watching them directly.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใจใฃใฆใ—ใ‹

๏ฝžใซใจใฃใฆใ—ใ‹: 'ใซใจใฃใฆ' means 'for (a person/thing)'. '๏ฝžใซใจใฃใฆใ—ใ‹๏ฝžใชใ„' is not a standard grammatical pattern for this meaning.

3) ใคใ„ใฆใฎใฟ

๏ฝžใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใฟ: 'ใซใคใ„ใฆ' means 'about' or 'concerning'. '๏ฝžใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใฟ' means 'only about ~', which doesn't fit the meaning of 'by means of'.

4) ๅฏพใ—ใฆใฎใฟ

๏ฝžใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใฎใฟ: 'ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ' means 'towards' or 'in contrast to'. '๏ฝžใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใฎใฟ' means 'only towards ~', which doesn't fit the meaning of 'by means of'.

Question 39

39. ๅญไพ›ใฎใŠใ‚‚ใกใ‚ƒใฏใ€็จฎ้กžใ”ใจใซ้€ๆ˜Žใชใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใซใ—ใพใฃใฆไธญ่บซใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹( )ใ€ๅญไพ›ใŒใŠใ‚‚ใกใ‚ƒใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใŠใ™ใ™ใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚

1.1) ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใซใฏ
2.2) ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใŠใใจ Correct
3.3) ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใฆใ‚‚
4.4) ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใŠใ„ใฆ
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใŠใใจ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

๏ฝžใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใŠใใจ combines '๏ฝžใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹' (to make sure that ~) and '๏ฝžใฆใŠใ' (to do something in advance/leave in a state). It means 'if you make sure that ~ in advance' or 'if you keep it in a state where ~', which fits the context of preparing for convenience. The sentence means 'It's recommended to store children's toys in transparent cases by type so that the contents are visible, because it makes it easier for children to find their toys.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใซใฏ

๏ฝžใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใซใฏ means 'in order to become able to ~'. This implies a goal to achieve, not a state to maintain for convenience.

3) ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใฆใ‚‚

๏ฝžใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใฆใ‚‚ means 'even if it becomes possible to ~'. This implies a concession, which doesn't fit the context.

4) ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใŠใ„ใฆ

๏ฝžใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใŠใ„ใฆ is the te-form of 'ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใŠใ', which would typically be followed by another verb. It's not a complete clause here.

Question 40

40. ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ่ณผๅ…ฅใ—ใŸไธญๅคใฎๅคงๅž‹ใƒใ‚คใ‚ฏใฏใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅคใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใ ใŒใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ„ใช็Šถๆ…‹ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚ๅ‰ใฎๆŒใกไธปใซใ‚ˆใปใฉๅคงๅˆ‡ใซ( ).

1.1) ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ‚‚ใŠใ‹ใ—ใใชใ„
2.2) ใ—็ถšใ‘ใฆใ‚‚ใŠใ‹ใ—ใใชใ„
3.3) ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ Correct
4.4) ใ—็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

๏ฝžใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ (๏ฝžใซใกใŒใ„ใชใ„) means 'it must be ~' or 'it's certain that ~'. The passive form 'ๅคงๅˆ‡ใซใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸ' means 'was cherished/taken good care of'. This expresses strong conviction based on the bike's clean condition. The sentence means 'The used large motorcycle I bought yesterday is quite old, but it was in very clean condition. Its previous owner must have cherished it greatly.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ‚‚ใŠใ‹ใ—ใใชใ„

ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ‚‚ใŠใ‹ใ—ใใชใ„ means 'it wouldn't be strange even if it were done'. This expresses possibility, not certainty.

2) ใ—็ถšใ‘ใฆใ‚‚ใŠใ‹ใ—ใใชใ„

ใ—็ถšใ‘ใฆใ‚‚ใŠใ‹ใ—ใใชใ„ means 'it wouldn't be strange even if they continued to do it'. This is grammatically awkward and doesn't fit the context.

4) ใ—็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„

ใ—็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ means 'must have continued to do it'. While 'ๅคงๅˆ‡ใซใ™ใ‚‹' is a continuous action, the focus here is on the state of being cherished, not the continuous act of cherishing. 'ๅคงๅˆ‡ใซใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸ' (was cherished) is more natural.

Question 41

41. (้›ป่ฉฑใง)</br>ไธŠ็”ฐ:ใ€Œ่ชฒ้•ทใ€ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใŠไผ‘ใฟใ‚’ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ๅจ˜ใจๅคซใŒ้ขจ้‚ชใง็†ฑใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€</br>่ชฒ้•ท:ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏๅคงๅค‰ใ ใญใ€‚ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚็œ‹็—…ใงใŠ็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ€ไธŠ็”ฐใ•ใ‚“ใŒ ( )ใ€

1.1) ๅ€’ใ‚Œใชใใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆ
2.2) ๅ€’ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใฎใซ
3.3) ๅ€’ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใฎ
4.4) ๅ€’ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ‚ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใญ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ๅ€’ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ‚ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใญ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

๏ฝžใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ means 'to make sure not to ~' or 'to try not to ~'. '๏ฝžใฆใ—ใพใ†' indicates an undesirable or regrettable outcome. So, 'ๅ€’ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ‚ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใญ' means 'make sure you don't collapse/fall ill yourself', which is appropriate advice from a boss. The sentence means '(On the phone) Ueda: 'Section Chief, excuse me, could I take the day off today? My daughter and husband both have a fever from a cold.' Section Chief: 'Oh, that's tough. Understood. Don't get exhausted from nursing them and collapse yourself, okay?'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๅ€’ใ‚Œใชใใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆ

ๅ€’ใ‚Œใชใใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆ means 'you won't be able to collapse'. This is grammatically incorrect and doesn't convey the intended meaning of caution.

2) ๅ€’ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใฎใซ

ๅ€’ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใฎใซ means 'even though I don't want to collapse'. This is a statement of the speaker's desire, not advice from the section chief.

3) ๅ€’ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใฎ

ๅ€’ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใฎ means 'it will result in not collapsing'. This is a statement of fact, not a cautionary remark.

Question 42

42.</br>ๅฑฑ็”ฐ:ใ€Œๆž—ใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆ‰‹ไฝœใ‚Šใ‚ฏใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใŠใ„ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€</br>ๆž—:ใ€Œใฉใ†ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใฆใ€ๅฑฑ็”ฐใ•ใ‚“ใซใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใฃใฆ( )ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€

1.1) ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใฆใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ Correct
2.2) ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ
3.3) ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚ใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ
4.4) ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚ใ’ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใฆใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

๏ฝžใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ† means 'to have someone do something for you' or 'to receive the favor of someone doing something'. '๏ฝžใฆใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ' means 'it was good that ~'. So, '่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใฆใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ' means 'it was good that I had you say it (that it was delicious)', expressing Hayashi's happiness at receiving praise. The sentence means 'Yamada: 'Hayashi-san's homemade cookies were really delicious. Thank you very much.' Hayashi: 'You're welcome. I'm glad you said they were delicious, Yamada-san.'

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ

่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ means 'it would have been fine even if you had said it'. This implies indifference or a missed opportunity.

3) ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚ใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ

๏ฝžใฆใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹ means 'to do something for someone'. This would mean 'it was good that I was able to tell you', which is incorrect as Hayashi is receiving the compliment, not giving it.

4) ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚ใ’ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ

่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚ใ’ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸ means 'it would have been fine even if I had told you'. Incorrect for the same reason as option 3.

ๅ•้กŒ8 ๆฌกใฎๆ–‡ใฎ_โ˜…_ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ€1ใƒป2ใƒป3ใƒป4ใƒปใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€ใค้ธใณใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Question 43

43. ไป–็คพใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚„ๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใซใฏใ€ไธ€ๅบฆ็คพๅ†…ใง___ ___ _โ˜…_ ___ใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

1.1) ๆคœ่จŽ
2.2) ๅ›ž็ญ”
3.3) ใงใชใ„ใจ Correct
4.4) ใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ใงใชใ„ใจ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

The correct order is 'ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใชใ„ใจๅ›ž็ญ”ใงใใชใ„' (cannot reply unless/until it has been reviewed/considered). The grammar pattern '๏ฝžใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใชใ„ใจ๏ฝžใชใ„' means 'unless/until ~ is done, ~ cannot be done'. The sentence means 'For questions and inquiries from other companies, it is stipulated that we cannot reply unless we have first reviewed them internally.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๆคœ่จŽ

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

2) ๅ›ž็ญ”

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

4) ใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

Question 44

44. ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฎๅคœใฏใ€11ๆ™‚ใพใงใซใฏ___ ___ _โ˜…_ ___ ใ€็ตๅฑ€ๅฏใŸใฎใฏ1ๆ™‚ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚

1.1) ใคใ„ Correct
2.2) ๅฏใ‚ˆใ†ใจ
3.3) ๆ€ใ„ใคใค
4.4) ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹็ถšใ‘ใฆใ—ใพใ„
Correct Answer: 1. 1) ใคใ„
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

The correct order is 'ๅฏใ‚ˆใ†ใจๆ€ใ„ใคใคใ€ใคใ„ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹็ถšใ‘ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใ€็ตๅฑ€ๅฏใŸใฎใฏ1ๆ™‚ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚' (While intending to go to sleep, I unintentionally kept watching TV, and in the end, I went to bed at 1 AM.) The grammar pattern '๏ฝžใ‚ˆใ†ใจๆ€ใ„ใคใคใ€ใคใ„๏ฝžใฆใ—ใพใ†' means 'while thinking of doing ~, I unintentionally ended up doing ~'. The sentence means 'Last night, I intended to go to bed by 11 PM, but I ended up watching TV and finally went to sleep at 1 AM.'

Why other options are incorrect:
2) ๅฏใ‚ˆใ†ใจ

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

3) ๆ€ใ„ใคใค

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

4) ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹็ถšใ‘ใฆใ—ใพใ„

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

Question 45

45. ็งใฏใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซใƒใƒฃใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ‚‚ๆ‚ฉใพใชใ„ใ€‚___ ___ _โ˜…_ ___ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ ใ€‚

1.1) ใพใšใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใฆ
2.2) ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„
3.3) ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰
4.4) ใใฎใจใใซใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใ‹ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ใใฎใจใใซใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใ‹
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

The correct order is 'ใพใšใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใฆใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใฎใจใใซใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„' (First, try it, and if it doesn't go well, then you can think again about what to do at that time). The sentence means 'I don't worry even when I challenge something new. That's because I think I can just try it first, and if it doesn't go well, I can think about what to do at that time.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใพใšใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใฆ

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

2) ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

3) ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

Question 46

46. ๅฎถใฎ่ฟ‘ใใฎๆœฌๅฑ‹ใงใฏ___ ___ _โ˜…_ ___ๅฐ‘ใ—้ ใ„ใ‘ใฉ่กŒใฃใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใจๆ€ใ†ใ€‚

1.1) ่ฒทใˆใชใ‹ใฃใŸๆผซ็”ปใฎๆœ€ๆ–ฐๅทใŒ
2.2) ใพใ ่ฒทใˆใ‚‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใฎใง
3.3) ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฃฒใ‚Šๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆ
4.4) ้šฃ็”บใฎ ABC ๆ›ธๅบ—ใซ่กŒใ‘ใฐ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ้šฃ็”บใฎ ABC ๆ›ธๅบ—ใซ่กŒใ‘ใฐ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

The correct order is 'ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฃฒใ‚Šๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆใ€่ฒทใˆใชใ‹ใฃใŸๆผซ็”ปใฎๆœ€ๆ–ฐๅทใŒใ€้šฃ็”บใฎABCๆ›ธๅบ—ใซ่กŒใ‘ใฐใ€ใพใ ่ฒทใˆใ‚‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใฎใง' (Because the latest issue of the manga that was already sold out and I couldn't buy, seems to still be available if I go to ABC Bookstore in the next town). The sentence means 'The latest issue of the manga that was already sold out at the bookstore near my house and I couldn't buy, seems to still be available if I go to ABC Bookstore in the next town, so I think I'll go there even though it's a bit far.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ่ฒทใˆใชใ‹ใฃใŸๆผซ็”ปใฎๆœ€ๆ–ฐๅทใŒ

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

2) ใพใ ่ฒทใˆใ‚‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใฎใง

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

3) ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฃฒใ‚Šๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆ

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

Question 47

47. ่ฉฑ้กŒใฎใ‚ซใƒฌใƒผๅฑ‹ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚’ๅˆ่จชๅ•ใ€‚้‡Ž่œใฎ___ ___ _โ˜…_ ___ใ€Œๅค้™ๅฎšใƒ™ใ‚ธใ‚ฟใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ซใƒฌใƒผใ€ใ€‚่ฉ•ๅˆคใฉใŠใ‚ŠใฎใŠใ„ใ—ใ•ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚

1.1) ไธญใง
2.2) ็งใŒ้ธใ‚“ใ ใฎใฏใ€ Correct
3.3) ๅคใฎ้‡Ž่œใŒใŸใฃใทใ‚Šๅ…ฅใฃใŸ
4.4) ใ‚ซใƒฌใƒผใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ็งใŒ้ธใ‚“ใ ใฎใฏใ€
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

The correct order is 'ใ‚ซใƒฌใƒผใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ไธญใงใ€็งใŒ้ธใ‚“ใ ใฎใฏใ€ๅคใฎ้‡Ž่œใŒใŸใฃใทใ‚Šๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ€Œๅค้™ๅฎšใƒ™ใ‚ธใ‚ฟใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ซใƒฌใƒผใ€' (Among several curries, what I chose was the 'Summer Limited Vegetable Curry' which contained plenty of summer vegetables). The sentence means 'First visit to the popular curry restaurant. Among the several vegetable curries, what I chose was the 'Summer Limited Vegetable Curry' which contained plenty of summer vegetables. It was as delicious as rumored.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ไธญใง

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

3) ๅคใฎ้‡Ž่œใŒใŸใฃใทใ‚Šๅ…ฅใฃใŸ

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

4) ใ‚ซใƒฌใƒผใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹

This word is part of the correct phrase but not the star position.

ๅ•้กŒ9 ๆฌกใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€ๆ–‡็ซ ๅ…จไฝ“ใฎๅ†…ๅฎนใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใ€( 48 )ใ‹ใ‚‰( 52 )ใฎไธญใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ€1ใƒป2ใƒป3ใƒป4ใƒปใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ€ใค้ธใณใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Reading Passage

ๅˆใ‚ใฆๆญฃ็ขบใชๆ—ฅๆœฌๅœฐๅ›ณใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใŸไบบ็‰ฉใจใ—ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไผŠ่ƒฝๅฟ ๆ•ฌใฏใ€1745ๅนดใ€ไธŠ็ทๅ›ฝ(ไปŠใฎๅƒ่‘‰็œŒ)ใซ็”Ÿใพใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚ๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸ็ตŒๅ–ถ่€…ใ ใฃใŸๅฟ ๆ•ฌใ ใŒใ€50 ๆญณใ‚’ๅ‰ใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใฃใŸๆ˜Ÿใ‚„ๆšฆใซใคใ„ใฆ้ซ˜ๆฉ‹่‡ณๆ™‚ใฎใ‚‚ใจใง ใ€48 ใ€‘ใ€‚19 ๆญณใ‚‚ๅนดไธ‹ใฎ่‡ณๆ™‚ใ‚’ๅฟ ๆ•ฌใฏๆ•ฌใ„ใ€็†ฑๅฟƒใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใ€‚

ๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใฎๅญฆ่€…ใŸใกใฎ้–ขๅฟƒใฏใ€ๅœฐ็ƒใฎ็›ดๅพ„ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ‚ใฃใŸใ€‚ๆฑŸๆˆธ(ไปŠใฎๆฑไบฌ)ใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆๅคทๅœฐ(ไปŠใฎๅŒ—ๆตท้“)ใพใงใฎ่ท้›ขใฏๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใฏใพใ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใŒใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€49 ใ€‘ๆญฃ็ขบใซ็›ดๅพ„ใŒ่จˆ็ฎ—ใงใใ‚‹ใจ็ŸฅใฃใŸๅฟ ๆ•ฌใฏใ€่ฆๅคทๅœฐใธ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใ†ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่ฆๅคทๅœฐใซ่กŒใใซใฏๅ›ฝใฎ่จฑๅฏใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใฃใŸใ€‚ ่‡ณๆ™‚ใฏใ€่ฆๅคทๅœฐใฎๅœฐๅ›ณไฝœๆˆใ‚’็†็”ฑใซๅ›ฝใฎ่จฑๅฏใ‚’ใจใ‚Šใ€ๅฟ ๆ•ฌใ‚’ๆ‹…ๅฝ“ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ€ 50 ใ€‘ใ€ๅฟ ๆ•ฌ55ๆญณใฎใจใใ€ๅœฐๅ›ณไฝœใ‚Šใฎๆ—…ใŒๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใ€‚

ๆ˜ผ้–“ใฏๆธฌใฃใฆๆญฉใใ€ๅคœใฏๆ˜Ÿใ‚’่ฆณๅฏŸใ—ใฆๆ˜ผ้–“ๆธฌใฃใŸๆ•ฐๅ€คใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ๆ—ฅใ€…ใŒ็ถšใ„ใŸใ€‚ๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใŸ ใˆใžใก ่ฆๅคทๅœฐใฎๅœฐๅ›ณใฏๅ›ฝใ‹ใ‚‰้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ•ใ‚Œใ€ๅฟ ๆ•ฌใฏๆฑๆ—ฅๆœฌใฎๅœฐๅ›ณไฝœๆˆใ‚‚ใ€51ใ€‘ๅœฐๅ›ณไฝœๆˆใฎๆ—…ใฏ้ †่ชฟใซ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใŒใ€ๅฎŒๆˆๅ‰ใ€ๅฟ ๆ•ฌใ‚’ๆ”ฏใˆ็ถšใ‘ใŸ่‡ณๆ™‚ใŒ็—…ๆฐ—ใงไบกใใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ€‚ไธ€็•ชใฎ็†่งฃ่€…ใงใ‚ใ‚‹่‡ณๆ™‚ใ‚’ๅคฑใ„ใ€ๅฟ ๆ•ฌใฏใฒใฉใ่ฝใก่พผใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ใ ใŒใ€ๆ‚ฒใ—ใฟใซ่€ใˆใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ่ฅฟๆ—ฅๆœฌใฎๅœฐๅ›ณไฝœๆˆใซใ‚‚ๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚€ใ€‚ๆ—…ใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใ€ๅฎŒๆˆใซๅ‘ใ‘ใฆไฝœๆฅญใฎๆœ€็ต‚ๆฎต้šŽใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸ 1818ๅนดใ€ๅฟ ๆ•ฌใฏ 73 ๆญณใงไบบ็”Ÿใฎๅน•ใ‚’้–‰ใ˜ใŸใ€‚ไฝœๆฅญใฏๅผŸๅญใ‚‰ใŒ็ถšใ‘ใ€1821 ๅนดใ€ๆ—ฅๆœฌๅ…จๅ›ฝใฎๅœฐๅ›ณใŒๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใŸใ€‚

ๅฟ ๆ•ฌใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใซๅคงใใชไป•ไบ‹ใŒใงใใŸใฎใฏใ™ในใฆ่‡ณๆ™‚ๅ…ˆ็”ŸใฎใŠใ‹ใ’ใ ใจๆ›ธใๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ๆญดๅฒใซๆฎ‹ใ‚‹ใ€ 52 ใ€‘ใฏใ€ไบŒไบบใฎไฟก้ ผ้–ขไฟ‚ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€่ช•็”Ÿใ—ใŸใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
English Summary & Annotations
This passage is about Ino Tadataka (ไผŠ่ƒฝๅฟ ๆ•ฌ: ใ„ใฎใ†ใŸใ ใŸใ‹), known for creating the first accurate map of Japan. Born in 1745, he was a successful businessman who, before turning 50, quit his job to study astronomy (ๆ˜Ÿ: ใปใ—) and calendars (ๆšฆ: ใ“ใ‚ˆใฟ) under Takahashi Yoshitoki (้ซ˜ๆฉ‹่‡ณๆ™‚: ใŸใ‹ใฏใ—ใ‚ˆใ—ใจใ), who was 19 years his junior. Tadataka respected Yoshitoki and studied diligently. Scholars at the time were interested in knowing the Earth's diameter. Tadataka learned that if the distance from Edo (ๆฑŸๆˆธ: ใˆใฉ, modern-day Tokyo) to Ezochi (่ฆๅคทๅœฐ: ใˆใžใก, modern-day Hokkaido) was known, the diameter could be accurately calculated. He wished to go to Ezochi, but needed government permission. Yoshitoki obtained permission by citing map creation as the reason and assigned Tadataka to the task. Thus, at 55, Tadataka's map-making journey began. His days consisted of surveying and walking during the day, and observing stars at night to correct the daytime measurements. The completed map of Ezochi was highly praised by the government, and Tadataka was then ordered to create a map of Eastern Japan. The map-making journey proceeded smoothly, but before its completion, Yoshitoki, who had continuously supported Tadataka, died of illness. Losing Yoshitoki, his greatest supporter, Tadataka was deeply saddened. However, he endured his grief and also undertook the mapping of Western Japan, which he was further ordered to do. After completing the journey and entering the final stage of work towards completion, Tadataka passed away at the age of 73 in 1818. His disciples continued the work, and in 1821, the map of all of Japan was completed. Tadataka left a note saying that his great achievement was all thanks to Yoshitoki-sensei. The [52] that remains in history was born from the trusting relationship between the two.
Question 48

48.

1.1) ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใ 
2.2) ๅญฆใผใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
3.3) ๅญฆใณๅง‹ใ‚ใŸ Correct
4.4) ๅญฆใถใจใ“ใ‚ใ ใฃใŸ
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ๅญฆใณๅง‹ใ‚ใŸ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

The sentence states that Tadataka '่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใฃใŸๆ˜Ÿใ‚„ๆšฆใซใคใ„ใฆ้ซ˜ๆฉ‹่‡ณๆ™‚ใฎใ‚‚ใจใง ใ€48 ใ€‘ใ€‚19 ๆญณใ‚‚ๅนดไธ‹ใฎ่‡ณๆ™‚ใ‚’ๅฟ ๆ•ฌใฏๆ•ฌใ„ใ€็†ฑๅฟƒใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใ€‚' (He quit his job and [48] under Takahashi Yoshitoki about astronomy and calendars, which he was interested in. Tadataka respected Yoshitoki, who was 19 years his junior, and studied diligently.) 'ๅญฆใณๅง‹ใ‚ใŸ' (ใพใชใณใฏใ˜ใ‚ใŸ: started learning) fits the context of him starting a new endeavor and studying diligently.

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใ 

ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใ  (ใพใชใ‚“ใ ใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใ : just learned) implies he just finished learning, which contradicts the diligent study that followed.

2) ๅญฆใผใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹

ๅญฆใผใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ (ใพใชใผใ†ใจใŠใ‚‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹: intends to learn) implies he hasn't started yet, but the following sentence '็†ฑๅฟƒใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸ' (studied diligently) indicates he has.

4) ๅญฆใถใจใ“ใ‚ใ ใฃใŸ

ๅญฆใถใจใ“ใ‚ใ ใฃใŸ (ใพใชใถใจใ“ใ‚ใ ใฃใŸ: was about to learn) similar to option 2, implies he hadn't started yet.

Question 49

49.

1.1) ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆ
2.2) ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Œใฐใ€ Correct
3.3) ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚
4.4) ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใง
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Œใฐใ€
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

The sentence is 'ๆฑŸๆˆธ(ไปŠใฎๆฑไบฌ)ใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆๅคทๅœฐ(ไปŠใฎๅŒ—ๆตท้“)ใพใงใฎ่ท้›ขใฏๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใฏใพใ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใŒใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€49 ใ€‘ๆญฃ็ขบใซ็›ดๅพ„ใŒ่จˆ็ฎ—ใงใใ‚‹ใจ็ŸฅใฃใŸๅฟ ๆ•ฌใฏใ€่ฆๅคทๅœฐใธ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใ†ใ€‚' (The distance from Edo to Ezochi was not yet known at the time, but Tadataka, knowing that if [49] the diameter could be accurately calculated, wished to go to Ezochi.) 'ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Œใฐ' (wakareba: if it is known/understood) creates a conditional clause that logically leads to the ability to calculate the diameter.

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆ

ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆ (wakatte: knowing/understood) is a te-form, which would connect to another verb, but the sentence structure requires a conditional.

3) ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚

ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ (wakaru tame: in order to understand) implies a purpose, but the context is about a condition for calculation.

4) ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใง

ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใง (wakatta koto de: by the fact that it was known) implies it *was* known, but the preceding clause states it *wasn't* known yet.

Question 50

50.

1.1) ใพใŸ
2.2) ใ—ใ‹ใ‚‚
3.3) ใจใ“ใ‚ใŒ
4.4) ใ“ใ†ใ—ใฆ Correct
Correct Answer: 4. 4) ใ“ใ†ใ—ใฆ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

The preceding sentences describe how Yoshitoki obtained permission for Tadataka to go to Ezochi for map-making. 'ใ“ใ†ใ—ใฆ' (koushite) means 'thus', 'in this way', or 'and so'. It indicates that what follows is a result or consequence of the preceding events. The sentence means 'Thus, when Tadataka was 55, his map-making journey began.'

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใพใŸ

ใพใŸ (mata) means 'again' or 'also'. It doesn't fit the causal relationship.

2) ใ—ใ‹ใ‚‚

ใ—ใ‹ใ‚‚ (shikamo) means 'moreover' or 'furthermore'. Used to add more information, often surprising or unexpected.

3) ใจใ“ใ‚ใŒ

ใจใ“ใ‚ใŒ (tokoroga) means 'however' or 'nevertheless'. Used to introduce a contrasting or unexpected situation.

Question 51

51.

1.1) ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจใชใ‚‹
2.2) ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ Correct
3.3) ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹
4.4) ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚‹
Correct Answer: 2. 2) ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

The sentence is 'ๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใŸ ใˆใžใก ่ฆๅคทๅœฐใฎๅœฐๅ›ณใฏๅ›ฝใ‹ใ‚‰้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ•ใ‚Œใ€ๅฟ ๆ•ฌใฏๆฑๆ—ฅๆœฌใฎๅœฐๅ›ณไฝœๆˆใ‚‚ใ€51ใ€‘' (The completed map of Ezochi was highly praised by the government, and Tadataka [51] to create a map of Eastern Japan.) '๏ฝžใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹' means 'it has been decided that ~' or 'it turns out that ~'. 'ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹' (meijirareta koto ni naru) means 'it turned out that he was ordered' or 'he ended up being ordered', which fits the narrative flow where the success of the Ezochi map led to the next assignment.

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจใชใ‚‹

๏ฝžใ“ใจใจใชใ‚‹ is similar to ๏ฝžใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ but often implies a more formal or inevitable outcome. While close, 'ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹' emphasizes the result of the previous action (successful map).

3) ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹

ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ means 'there are also times when he is ordered'. This implies possibility, not a definite outcome.

4) ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚‹

ๅ‘ฝใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚‹ means 'it is the fact that he was ordered'. This is a statement of fact, but '๏ฝžใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹' better conveys the progression of events.

Question 52

52.

1.1) ใ“ใ‚Œ
2.2) ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ
3.3) ๆ—ฅๆœฌๅœฐๅ›ณ Correct
4.4) ใใ†ใ„ใ†ๅœฐๅ›ณ
Correct Answer: 3. 3) ๆ—ฅๆœฌๅœฐๅ›ณ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:

The final sentence is 'ๆญดๅฒใซๆฎ‹ใ‚‹ใ€ 52 ใ€‘ใฏใ€ไบŒไบบใฎไฟก้ ผ้–ขไฟ‚ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€่ช•็”Ÿใ—ใŸใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚' (The [52] that remains in history was born from the trusting relationship between the two.) The entire passage is about the creation of the 'ๆ—ฅๆœฌๅ…จๅ›ฝใฎๅœฐๅ›ณ' (map of all of Japan). Therefore, 'ๆ—ฅๆœฌๅœฐๅ›ณ' (Japanese map) is the most fitting word to refer to the great achievement that remains in history.

Why other options are incorrect:
1) ใ“ใ‚Œ

ใ“ใ‚Œ (kore) means 'this'. It is too vague to refer to the specific historical achievement.

2) ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ

ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ (aru mono) means 'something that exists'. It is too vague.

4) ใใ†ใ„ใ†ๅœฐๅ›ณ

ใใ†ใ„ใ†ๅœฐๅ›ณ (sou iu chizu) means 'that kind of map'. While it refers to a map, 'ๆ—ฅๆœฌๅœฐๅ›ณ' is more specific and directly refers to the subject of the entire passage.