2022/12 JLPT N2 Letters and Vocabulary,Grammar test
問題１ ＿＿＿のことばの読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
建物の入口に<u>警備</u>の人がいます。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
警備 (けいび) means 'security' or 'guard'. The sentence means 'There is a security guard at the building's entrance.'
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect reading for 警備.
Incorrect reading for 警備.
Incorrect reading for 警備.
絵を見て、想像力が<u>刺激</u>されました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
刺激 (しげき) means 'stimulus' or 'inspiration'. The sentence means 'Looking at the painting stimulated my imagination.'
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect reading for 刺激.
Incorrect reading for 刺激.
Incorrect reading for 刺激.
ここが<u>外れて</u>いますけど、どうしたんですか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
外れて (はずれて) is the te-form of 外れる (はずれる), meaning 'to come off', 'to be disconnected', or 'to be out of place'. The sentence means 'This part has come off, what happened?'
Why other options are incorrect:
乱れて (みだれて) means 'to be disordered' or 'to be disturbed'.
破れて (やぶれて) means 'to be torn' or 'to be broken'.
潰れて (つぶれて) means 'to be crushed' or 'to be ruined'.
私は<u>世間</u>の目を気にしすぎていたようだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
世間 (せけん) means 'the world', 'society', or 'public opinion'. The sentence means 'I seemed to be too concerned about what others thought (public opinion).'
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect reading for 世間.
Incorrect reading for 世間.
Incorrect reading for 世間.
本田さんはとても<u>勇ましい</u>人だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
勇ましい (いさましい) means 'brave', 'courageous', or 'heroic'. The sentence means 'Mr. Honda is a very brave person.'
Why other options are incorrect:
逞しい (たくましい) means 'strong', 'robust', or 'burly'.
喧しい (やかましい) means 'noisy' or 'strict'.
厚かましい (あつかましい) means 'impudent' or 'shameless'.
問題2_の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
彼にはお金持ちになりたいという<u>よく</u>がない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
欲 (よく) is the correct kanji for よく, meaning 'desire' or 'greed'. The sentence means 'He has no desire to become rich.'
Why other options are incorrect:
望 (のぞみ) means 'hope' or 'wish', which does not fit the context of 'desire' for money.
求 (もとめる) means 'to seek' or 'to request', not a noun for 'desire'.
情 (じょう) means 'emotion' or 'feeling', not 'desire'.
私の職業は、<u>はいゆう</u>です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
俳優 (はいゆう) is the correct kanji for はいゆう, meaning 'actor' or 'actress'. The sentence means 'My profession is an actor.'
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect kanji combination.
Incorrect kanji combination.
Incorrect kanji combination.
中山さんは、 家族と<u>はなれて</u>、 人で暮らしているらしい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
離れて (はなれて) is the correct kanji for はなれて, meaning 'to be separated from' or 'to be away from'. The sentence means 'Mr. Nakayama seems to be living alone, separated from his family.'
Why other options are incorrect:
逃れて (のがれて) means 'to escape' or 'to flee'.
別れて (わかれて) means 'to separate' (e.g., break up with someone) or 'to part ways'.
避けて (さけて) means 'to avoid'.
病院で医師の<u>しんだん</u>を受けた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
診断 (しんだん) is the correct kanji for しんだん, meaning 'diagnosis'. The sentence means 'I received a diagnosis from a doctor at the hospital.'
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect kanji combination.
Incorrect kanji combination.
Incorrect kanji combination.
AとBは、大きさが<u>ひとしい</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
等しい (ひとしい) is the correct kanji for ひとしい, meaning 'equal' or 'equivalent'. The sentence means 'A and B are equal in size.'
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect kanji. 並ぶ (ならぶ) means 'to line up'.
Incorrect kanji. 似る (にる) means 'to resemble'.
Incorrect kanji. 比べる (くらべる) means 'to compare'.
問題3()に入れるのに最もよいものを、 1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
( )制度には、大きな問題があります。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
現 (げん) is the correct kanji. 現行制度 (げんこうせいど) means 'current system'. The sentence means 'There are big problems with the current system.'
Why other options are incorrect:
近 (きん) means 'near', not suitable here.
在 (ざい) means 'existing' or 'located', but doesn't form a common compound with 制度 in this context.
常 (じょう) means 'normal' or 'regular', not suitable here.
伯父は、電車の中で財布を盗まれてから用心( )なった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
深く (ふかく) is the correct word. 用心深く (ようじんぶかく) means 'cautiously' or 'carefully'. The sentence means 'My uncle became very cautious after his wallet was stolen on the train.'
Why other options are incorrect:
濃く (こく) means 'thickly' or 'darkly', not suitable for 'cautious'.
強く (つよく) means 'strongly', not suitable for 'cautious'.
高く (たかく) means 'highly' or 'expensively', not suitable for 'cautious'.
このアンケートでは、( )団体の活動についてお尋ねします。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
貴 (き) is the correct word. 貴団体 (きだんたい) is a polite way to refer to 'your organization'. The sentence means 'This questionnaire asks about the activities of your organization.'
Why other options are incorrect:
尊 (そん) means 'respect' or 'honor', but is not used in this context for 'your organization'.
敬 (けい) means 'respect', but is not used in this context for 'your organization'.
偉 (い) means 'great' or 'admirable', not suitable here.
問題4 ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、 1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
規則に( )した場合は、 罰金を払わなければならない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
違反 (いはん) means 'violation'. 規則に違反する means 'to violate rules'. The sentence means 'If you violate the rules, you must pay a fine.'
Why other options are incorrect:
相違 (そうい) means 'difference' or 'discrepancy'.
対決 (たいけつ) means 'confrontation' or 'showdown'.
対抗 (たいこう) means 'opposition' or 'rivalry'.
この体育館は、ロッカーやシャワーなどの()がそろっている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
設備 (せつび) means 'equipment' or 'facilities'. The sentence means 'This gymnasium is equipped with facilities such as lockers and showers.'
Why other options are incorrect:
用具 (ようぐ) means 'tools' or 'implements'.
物体 (ぶったい) means 'object' or 'body'.
容器 (ようき) means 'container'.
化粧品メーカーが健康食品の分野に( )して成功した例もある。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
進出 (しんしゅつ) means 'advance' or 'expansion (into a new market/field)'. The sentence means 'There are also examples of cosmetic manufacturers successfully expanding into the health food sector.'
Why other options are incorrect:
到達 (とうたつ) means 'arrival' or 'reaching (a destination)'.
転勤 (てんきん) means 'job transfer'.
直行 (ちょっこう) means 'direct travel' or 'going straight'.
この時期に雪が降ることはあるが、積もることは( )だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
まれ (稀) means 'rare' or 'uncommon'. The sentence means 'It sometimes snows at this time of year, but it's rare for it to accumulate.'
Why other options are incorrect:
なだらか means 'gentle' or 'smooth' (e.g., slope).
ささやか means 'modest' or 'small'.
かすか means 'faint' or 'dim'.
家の隣で夜遅くまでマンション建設工事が行われてうるさいので、 建設会社に ( )の電話をした。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
苦情 (くじょう) means 'complaint'. The sentence means 'The construction work for the apartment next to my house was noisy late at night, so I called the construction company to make a complaint.'
Why other options are incorrect:
悪口 (わるぐち) means 'slander' or 'speaking ill of someone'.
反論 (はんろん) means 'rebuttal' or 'counter-argument'.
皮肉 (ひにく) means 'irony' or 'sarcasm'.
箱の中には、隙間なく ( ) お菓子が詰まっていた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ぎっしり means 'packed tightly' or 'crammed'. The sentence means 'The box was packed tightly with sweets, leaving no gaps.'
Why other options are incorrect:
どしどし is an onomatopoeia for 'thump-thump' or 'without hesitation'.
どっしり means 'solidly' or 'heavily'.
うじゃうじゃ describes something swarming or crawling (e.g., insects).
私は前回の試験の結果にずっと疑問を( )いる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
いだいて (抱いて) is the te-form of 抱く (いだく), meaning 'to hold (an idea/feeling)', 'to harbor'. 疑問を抱く means 'to harbor doubts'. The sentence means 'I have always harbored doubts about the results of the last exam.'
Why other options are incorrect:
握って (にぎって) means 'to grasp' or 'to hold (in hand)'.
保って (たもって) means 'to maintain' or 'to preserve'.
備えて (そなえて) means 'to prepare for' or 'to provide'.
問題 5 _ の言葉に意味が最も近いものを、 い2・3・4から一つ選びなさい
あの選手には<u>テクニック</u>がある。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
テクニック (technique) is a loanword. 技術 (ぎじゅつ) means 'skill' or 'technique', making it the closest synonym. The sentence means 'That player has technique.'
Why other options are incorrect:
自信 (じしん) means 'confidence'.
経験 (けいけん) means 'experience'.
体力 (たいりょく) means 'physical strength'.
ここには大量の<u>書籍</u>が収められている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
書籍 (しょせき) means 'books'. Therefore, 本 (ほん) is the closest synonym. The sentence means 'A large quantity of books is stored here.'
Why other options are incorrect:
新聞 (しんぶん) means 'newspaper'.
絵 (え) means 'picture' or 'drawing'.
手紙 (てがみ) means 'letter'.
今年になって国の方針が<u>一転した</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
一転した (いってんした) means 'completely changed' or 'made a complete turn'. すっかり変わった (すっかりかわった) means 'completely changed', which is the closest meaning. The sentence means 'This year, the country's policy completely changed.'
Why other options are incorrect:
少し変わった means 'changed a little'.
やっと決まった means 'finally decided'.
すぐに決まった means 'decided immediately'.
この道具は先が<u>とがって</u>いる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
とがって (尖って) is the te-form of 尖る (とがる), meaning 'to be pointed' or 'to be sharp'. 細くなって (ほそくなって) means 'become thin/narrow', which is the closest in describing a pointed shape. The sentence means 'The tip of this tool is pointed.'
Why other options are incorrect:
柔らかくなって means 'become soft'.
硬くなって means 'become hard'.
太くなって means 'become thick/fat'.
彼がしていることは<u>くだらない</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
くだらない means 'worthless', 'trivial', or 'silly'. 価値がない (かちがない) means 'has no value', which is the closest synonym. The sentence means 'What he is doing is worthless/silly.'
Why other options are incorrect:
効果がない means 'has no effect'.
目的がない means 'has no purpose'.
変化がない means 'has no change'.
問題6 次の言葉の使い方として最もよいものを、 1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
<u>頑固</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
頑固 (がんこ) means 'stubborn'. Option 1 correctly uses 頑固 to describe someone who doesn't change their mind. The sentence means 'Mr. Kimura is very stubborn and doesn't change his mind.'
Why other options are incorrect:
頑固 is not used to describe a tight lid. 'Tight' or 'hard to open' would be more appropriate.
頑固 is not used to describe a strong body. 'Strong' or 'healthy' would be more appropriate.
頑固 is not used to describe a strong defense. 'Solid' or 'strong' would be more appropriate.
<u>打ち合わせ</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
打ち合わせ (うちあわせ) means 'business meeting', 'prior arrangement', or 'consultation'. Option 1 correctly uses it for a meeting about a lecture. The sentence means 'Today from 11 AM, we will have a meeting about next month's lecture.'
Why other options are incorrect:
打ち合わせ is not used for 'discussing worries with a close friend'. 相談 (そうだん: consultation) or 話し合い (はなしあい: discussion) would be more appropriate.
打ち合わせ is not used for 'checking for lost items'. 確認 (かくにん: confirmation) or 問い合わせ (といあわせ: inquiry) would be more appropriate.
打ち合わせ is not used for 'discussing causes of failure after an experiment'. 検討 (けんとう: consideration) or 議論 (ぎろん: debate) would be more appropriate.
<u>中断</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
中断 (ちゅうだん) means 'interruption' or 'suspension'. Option 3 correctly uses it for suspending a game due to rain. The sentence means 'The rain became strong, so the game was suspended until it stopped.'
Why other options are incorrect:
中断 is not used for 'canceling a reservation'. キャンセル (cancel) or 取り消す (とりけす: to cancel) would be more appropriate.
中断 is not used for 'blocking sunlight'. 遮る (さえぎる: to block) or 遮断する (しゃだんする: to shut off) would be more appropriate.
中断 is not used for 'declining an invitation'. 断る (ことわる: to refuse) would be more appropriate.
<u>ベテラン</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ベテラン (veteran) refers to a person with long experience or skill in a particular field. Option 2 correctly uses it to describe an experienced teacher. The sentence means 'Mr. Ohno is a veteran teacher who has been teaching at this school for a long time.'
Why other options are incorrect:
ベテラン is not used for inanimate objects like trains. 'Old' or 'long-serving' would be more appropriate.
ベテラン is not used for inanimate objects like watches. 'Old' or 'antique' would be more appropriate.
ベテラン is not used for inanimate objects like restaurants. 'Long-established' or 'old' would be more appropriate.
<u>荒れる</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
荒れる (あれる) means 'to be rough' (weather, sea), 'to be in a state of disarray' (skin, land), or 'to be unruly' (person). Option 4 correctly uses it to describe a rough sea. The sentence means 'The sea is rough today, so we can't go fishing by boat.'
Why other options are incorrect:
荒れる is not typically used for shoes being worn out. 傷んでいる (いたんでいる: damaged) or 擦り切れている (すりきれている: worn out) would be more appropriate.
荒れる is not used for sales performance declining. 悪くなった (わるくなった: got worse) or 落ち込んだ (おちこんだ: dropped) would be more appropriate.
荒れる is not used for fruit spoiling. 腐ってしまった (くさってしまった: spoiled) would be more appropriate.
問題7 次の文の( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
先週末は、( )かけだった3冊の本をすべて最後まで読んだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct form is 読みかけ (yomikake). The pattern V-masu + かけ means 'in the middle of doing V' or 'V is incomplete'. The sentence means 'Last weekend, I finished reading all three books that I had started.'
Why other options are incorrect:
読む (yomu) is the plain form, not suitable for this grammar pattern.
読んで (yonde) is the te-form, not suitable for this grammar pattern.
読んだ (yonda) is the past tense, not suitable for this grammar pattern.
子供のころはピーマンが嫌いだったが、今は嫌いではない。( )好きな野菜の一つだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
むしろ (mushiro) means 'rather' or 'instead'. It's used to express a preference or a stronger truth than what was previously stated. The sentence means 'When I was a child, I disliked green peppers, but now I don't dislike them. Rather, they are one of my favorite vegetables.'
Why other options are incorrect:
いったい (ittai) means 'what on earth' or 'how in the world', used for emphasis in questions.
そのうち (sonouchi) means 'eventually' or 'before long'.
ちっとも (chittomo) means 'not at all' (used with negative verb).
来年3月の完成( )、新しい体育館の建設工事が着々と進んでいる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
に向けて (ni mukete) means 'towards' or 'aiming for'. It indicates a goal or a deadline. The sentence means 'The construction work for the new gymnasium is steadily progressing towards its completion in March next year.'
Why other options are incorrect:
を込めて (o komete) means 'with (a feeling)' or 'putting (effort) into'.
に際して (ni saishite) means 'at the time of' or 'on the occasion of'.
を通じて (o tsuujite) means 'through' or 'via'.
(携帯電話の店で)<br>父: 「どれにしようかな。 通話ができれば十分なんだけど」<br>息子:「通話ができるだけ( )、これにしたら?」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
でいいなら (de ii nara) means 'if (something) is acceptable/sufficient'. The son is suggesting a simpler phone if only calls are needed. The sentence means 'If just being able to make calls is enough, how about this one?'
Why other options are incorrect:
がいいと (ga ii to) means 'think that X is good', not suitable for a conditional suggestion.
でいいけど (de ii kedo) means 'it's fine with X, but...', implying a slight reservation.
がいいのに (ga ii noni) means 'it would be good if X, but...', expressing regret or dissatisfaction.
課長に、次の会議までにこの資料を ( ) 言われた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
読んでおくように (yonde oku you ni) is the correct polite command/request form. V-te oku means 'to do something in advance'. V-you ni iwareru means 'to be told to do V'. The sentence means 'The section chief told me to read this document by the next meeting.'
Why other options are incorrect:
読んでおきなさい (yonde okinasai) is a direct, strong command, less polite than what would be used when being told by a boss.
読んでくるか (yonde kuru ka) is a question, not a command/request.
読んでこい (yonde koi) is a very casual and direct command, inappropriate for a boss to a subordinate.
休みの日 ( )、昼過ぎまで寝ているのはよくないと思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
だからといって (dakara to itte) means 'just because... doesn't mean...'. It introduces a counter-argument or a limitation to a previous statement. The sentence means 'Just because it's a day off, I don't think it's good to sleep until past noon.'
Why other options are incorrect:
どころか (dokoroka) means 'far from it' or 'on the contrary'.
かというと (ka to iu to) means 'when you say X, it's actually...' or 'if you ask whether X, then...'.
にしては (ni shite wa) means 'for (a certain thing/person), it's surprisingly...'.
先月から食堂でアルバイトを始めた。お客さんがおいしいと( )、うれしくなり、もっと頑張ろうと思える。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
言ってくれるたびに (itte kureru tabi ni) means 'every time (someone) says (something) for me'. くれる (kureru) indicates that the action is done for the speaker's benefit. The sentence means 'I started a part-time job at the cafeteria last month. Every time customers say it's delicious, I get happy and feel like I want to work harder.'
Why other options are incorrect:
言ってあげるたびに (itte ageru tabi ni) means 'every time I say (something) for someone else', which is incorrect here as the customers are speaking to the speaker.
言ってあげるように (itte ageru you ni) means 'so that I say (something) for someone else', which is grammatically incorrect and doesn't fit the meaning.
言ってくれるように (itte kureru you ni) means 'so that someone says (something) for me', which is a request/hope, not a recurring event.
(映画館で)<br>夫 「席の番号、忘れちゃった。 何番 ( )?」<br>妻 「Jの14と15だよ」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
だっけ (dakke) is a casual way to ask for confirmation about something one has forgotten or is unsure about. The husband is asking for confirmation of the seat number he forgot. The sentence means 'I forgot the seat number. What was it again?'
Why other options are incorrect:
だったよね (datta yo ne) is used to seek agreement or confirmation when one is fairly sure.
じゃなかったの (ja nakatta no) implies surprise or disbelief, 'wasn't it X?'.
なんじゃないか (nan janai ka) means 'isn't it X?' or 'I think it's X', expressing a strong opinion or suggestion.
「倉庫の中を片付けなければ」と前からずっと思っているのだが、忙しくてなかなか( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
できずにいる (dekizu ni iru) means 'unable to do something' or 'have not been able to do something'. It expresses a state of being unable to achieve something despite wanting to. The sentence means 'I've been thinking for a long time that I need to clean up the warehouse, but I'm busy and just haven't been able to do it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
できるだろうか (dekiru darou ka) means 'I wonder if I can do it', expressing doubt.
できないこともない (dekinai koto mo nai) means 'it's not impossible to do', implying it is possible.
できるのではないか (dekiru no de wa nai ka) means 'I think it's possible to do', expressing a strong possibility.
(劇場内のアナウンスで)<br>スタッフ 「お客様にご案内( )。ただいま、一階ロビーにおいて、公演パンフレントを販売しております、 ぜひご利用ください」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
申し上げます (moushiagemasu) is the humble form of 言います (iimasu: to say) or 伝えます (tsutaemasu: to convey), used when conveying information to a superior or audience. お客様にご案内申し上げます (Okyakusama ni go-annai moushiagemasu) is a very polite phrase for 'We would like to make an announcement to our customers'. The sentence means 'To our customers, we would like to make an announcement. We are currently selling performance pamphlets in the first-floor lobby. Please feel free to use them.'
Why other options are incorrect:
なさいます (nasaimasu) is the honorific form of します (shimasu: to do), used for the listener's action.
うけたまわります (uketamawarimasu) is the humble form of 聞きます (kikimasu: to hear/ask) or 引き受けます (hikiukemasu: to accept), not suitable for making an announcement.
おっしゃいます (osshaimasu) is the honorific form of 言います (iimasu: to say), used for the listener's action.
昨日はかなり風が強くて、何度も帽子を( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
飛ばされそうになった (tobasaresou ni natta) means 'it almost got blown away'. V-sou ni naru means 'to be about to V' or 'to almost V'. The passive form 飛ばされる (tobasareru) is used because the hat is being acted upon by the wind. The sentence means 'The wind was quite strong yesterday, and my hat almost got blown away many times.'
Why other options are incorrect:
飛ばされたところだ (tobasareta tokoro da) means 'it just got blown away', indicating a completed action.
飛んでいったところだ (tonde itta tokoro da) means 'it just flew away', indicating a completed action where the hat flew away on its own (less natural for wind).
飛んでいきそうになった (tonde ikisou ni natta) means 'it almost flew away', but 飛んでいく (tonde iku) implies the hat flew away by itself, not necessarily due to external force like wind.
昨日、最近評判のレストランに行った。サービスと雰囲気はとてもよかったが、味は( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
期待していたほどではなかった (kitai shite ita hodo de wa nakatta) means 'it was not as good as I had expected'. This phrase is used to express disappointment when something doesn't meet expectations. The sentence means 'Yesterday, I went to a recently popular restaurant. The service and atmosphere were very good, but the taste was not as good as I had expected.'
Why other options are incorrect:
期待していなかったせいでだ (kitai shite inakatta sei de da) means 'it was because I hadn't expected it', which doesn't fit the context of disappointment after having expectations.
期待していたからではなかった (kitai shite ita kara de wa nakatta) means 'it wasn't because I had expected it', which is grammatically awkward and doesn't convey the intended meaning.
期待していなかったはずだ (kitai shite inakatta hazu da) means 'I shouldn't have expected it', implying a past mistake in expectation.
問題8次の文のに人る最もよいものを、 1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
私はとにかく勉強が嫌いで、学校があまりすきではない子供だった。 そんな ___ _★_ ___ ___ きっかけだった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '私が 教師になりたいと思ったのは ある先生との出会いが きっかけだった。'. The phrase '教師になりたいと思ったのは' fits into the ★ position to complete the sentence grammatically and logically.
若いときに努力して___ ___ _★_ ___なって必ず将来役に立つと思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '目標を達成した 経験は 自信と なって必ず将来役に立つと思う。'. The phrase '経験は' fits into the ★ position to complete the sentence grammatically and logically.
この町では、 都心で家を借りる ___ ___ _★_ ___ 家が借りられる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '都心で家を借りる 場合と比べて 半分程度の 家賃で 家が借りられる。'. The phrase '半分程度の' fits into the ★ position to complete the sentence grammatically and logically.
___ ___ _★_ ___ 酸素や栄養が十分に細胞に届かなくなってしまう。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: '血液の流れが悪くなると 血液によって 運ばれる 酸素や栄養が十分に細胞に届かなくなってしまう。'. The phrase '血液によって' fits into the ★ position to complete the sentence grammatically and logically.
さくら駅周辺の再開発事業を行う ___ ___ _★_ ___ 予定だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order forms the sentence: 'さくら駅周辺の再開発事業を行う に先立って さくら市は 関係者に対する 説明会を開催する 予定だ。'. The phrase '関係者に対する' fits into the ★ position to complete the sentence grammatically and logically.
問題9次の文章を読んで、 文章全体の内容を考えて、48 から 51 の中に入る最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つ選びなさい。
Reading Passage
座っている姿勢は体にあまり負担がかかっていないと思うかもしれません。ところが、座り方によっては、実は立っているときの2倍もの負担が腰にかかるのだそうです。座っている時間が長くなるほど、腰への負担も大きくなり、それが腰痛につながります。かといって、ずっと立ったまま仕事をするというのも現実的ではありません。長時間立っていると、足に疲れがたまってしまうという問題もあります。大切なのは、同じ姿勢を長く続けないことです。理想は30分に1回、少なくとも1時間に一回立って、少し動くのがいいとされています。
実際に、仕事中に時々立って動くようにしてみた人の多くが、腰痛の改善や疲れを感じにくいとい1った効果を感じているようです。職場で座っている時間が長い人は、試してみてはいかがでしょうか。
English Summary & Annotations
【48】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The passage states that research reports on sitting too much causing health problems are increasing. '増えてきました' (ふえてきました: has been increasing/has come to increase) fits the context of an ongoing trend.
Why other options are incorrect:
増えそうでした (fuesou deshita) means 'it looked like it would increase', implying a prediction that might not have happened.
増えていきました (fuete ikimashita) means 'it went on increasing', which is similar but '増えてきました' emphasizes the result of the increase up to the present.
増えたところでした (fueta tokoro deshita) means 'it had just increased', implying a very recent completion, which doesn't fit the ongoing nature of research reports.
【49】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The sentence before says 'You might think sitting puts little burden on the body.' The sentence after starts with 'however, depending on how you sit...'. Therefore, ところが (tokoroga: however, unexpectedly) is the most suitable conjunction to introduce a surprising counter-argument.
Why other options are incorrect:
つもり (tsumori) means 'intention' or 'plan', not a conjunction.
しかも (shikamo) means 'moreover' or 'furthermore', used to add more information, not to introduce a contradiction.
というのは (to iu no wa) means 'that is to say' or 'the reason is', used for explanation.
【50】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The passage advises against maintaining the same posture for a long time. Therefore, 同じ (onaji: same) is the correct word to fill the blank. The sentence means 'The important thing is not to continue the same posture for a long time.'
Why other options are incorrect:
違う (chigau) means 'different', which would contradict the advice.
この (kono) means 'this', which doesn't fit the general advice about posture.
以下の (ika no) means 'the following', which is not suitable here.
【51】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The passage concludes by suggesting that people who sit for long hours should try the recommended actions. 試してみてはいかがでしょうか (tameshite mite wa ikaga deshou ka: Why don't you try it? / How about trying it?) is a polite suggestion. This fits the context of giving advice.
Why other options are incorrect:
試してもいいですか (tameshite mo ii desu ka) means 'May I try it?', which is a question seeking permission, not advice.
試したらいいのでしょうか (tameshita ra ii no deshou ka) means 'I wonder if I should try it?', expressing uncertainty, not a suggestion.
試してみればよかったですか (tameshite mireba yokatta desu ka) means 'Should I have tried it?', expressing regret about not having tried something in the past.