JLPT N3 Grammar, Reading Comprehension Test

The particle か (ka) is used for questions or alternatives, which does not fit the grammatical structure or meaning here.

The particle で (de) indicates means, place of action, or cause. While it can indicate a place of action, it doesn't combine with 「中心」 to mean 'centering on' in this context.

The particle は (wa) is a topic marker. It would not grammatically connect 「中心」 to 「行われています」 in this way.

「いまにも」 (ima ni mo) means 'at any moment' or 'soon,' indicating something is about to happen (e.g., いまにも雨が降りそうだ - It looks like it's going to rain any moment). It does not fit the context of describing a personality trait.

「少しも」 (sukoshi mo) means 'not even a little' and is always used with negative verbs (e.g., 少しも分からない - I don't understand at all). It is not suitable here as the sentence is affirmative.

「すぐに」 (sugu ni) means 'immediately' or 'right away,' referring to a quick action. It does not fit the context of describing a personality trait.

「寝ていた」 (nete ita) is the past continuous form, meaning 'was sleeping.' This would imply the action of sleeping was completed in the past, not continuing into the present moment.

「寝ない」 (nenai) is the plain negative form, meaning 'doesn't sleep' or 'won't sleep.' This contradicts the context that he worked late and is likely still in bed.

「寝なかった」 (nenakatta) is the plain past negative form, meaning 'didn't sleep.' This would imply he did not sleep at all, which is not the intended meaning.

「いいと」 (ii to) would imply a conditional 'if it's good' or a quoted 'that it's good,' which does not fit the interrogative structure of 'I don't know what to do.'

「よくて」 (yokute) is the -te form of 良い (yoi), meaning 'being good' or 'and it's good.' It does not fit the context of expressing uncertainty about an action.

「よくても」 (yokutemo) means 'even if it's good.' This expresses a concession, which is not what the sentence requires.

「したがる」 (shitagaru) expresses someone else's desire to do something (e.g., 彼は行きたがる - He wants to go). It is not used for the speaker's desire for another person.

「していたい」 (shite itai) expresses the speaker's desire to continue doing something (e.g., ずっと寝ていたい - I want to keep sleeping). It is not used for another person's state or action.

「したがっている」 (shitagatte iru) is the -te iru form of 「したがる」, indicating someone else's ongoing desire. It is not suitable for the speaker's desire for another person.

「なら」 (nara) means 'if it's the case that' or 'as for.' It is used to set a condition or topic, which does not fit the nuance of limiting the message.

「しか」 (shika) also means 'only,' but it is always used with negative verbs (e.g., これしか食べない - I only eat this). It is not suitable here as the verb 「伝えて」 is affirmative.

「にも」 (ni mo) means 'even to' or 'also to.' It does not convey the meaning of 'only' or 'just' in this context.

「さしあげた」 (sashiageta) is the humble form of 'to give' (to a superior). If the student used this, it would mean they lent the book to the teacher, which contradicts the context.

「いらっしゃった」 (irasshatta) is the honorific form of 'to come,' 'to go,' or 'to be.' It is not related to the action of lending or receiving a book.

「くださった」 (kudasatta) is the honorific form of 'to give' (a superior gives to an inferior). While the teacher did lend the book, the student is expressing the action from their perspective of *receiving* the favor, making 「いただいた」 more appropriate for the humble expression.

「拝見する」 (haiken suru) is the humble form of 見る (miru). This is used when the speaker *humbly sees* something, not when referring to a superior's action.

「お目にかかる」 (ome ni kakaru) is the humble form of 会う (au - to meet). It is not related to seeing or reading a magazine.

「お読みになる」 (oyomi ni naru) is the honorific form of 読む (yomu - to read). While grammatically correct for 'read,' 「ご覧になる」 is a more general honorific for 'to look at' or 'to review' a publication, and often preferred in such contexts.

「あとなのに」 (ato na noni) means 'even though it was after.' While 'ato' means 'after,' 'bakari' emphasizes the recency of the action more strongly, which is the nuance required here.

「あとだから」 (ato dakara) means 'because it was after.' This implies a reason, but it lacks the nuance of surprise or dissatisfaction conveyed by 'のに'.

「ばかりだから」 (bakari dakara) means 'because it was just.' This also implies a reason, but the nuance of 'why did you forget *even though* it was just taught' is better captured by 'のに' which expresses a contradiction or unexpected outcome.

「ようにも」 (yō ni mo) means 'even if one tries to' or 'in order to.' It does not fit the context of winning for someone's benefit.

「おかげで」 (okage de) means 'thanks to.' While fans' support is helpful, 'おかげでも' doesn't fit the context of winning *for* them. It would imply winning *because of* them, which is a different nuance.

「ときでも」 (toki de mo) means 'even at the time of.' It is not suitable for expressing the purpose or beneficiary of an action.

「おいてあげますよ」 (oite agemasu yo) means 'I will do it for you.' This is a statement of offering help, not a request from Yamaguchi to Kitagawa.

「おこうと思えますか」 (okō to omoemasu ka) is grammatically awkward and does not convey a polite request. It means 'Can you think of putting it?'

「おこうと思いませんよ」 (okō to omoimasen yo) is a negative statement of intention, meaning 'I don't think I'll put it.' This is not a request.

「食べるかもしれない」 (taberu kamoshirenai) means 'might eat.' This implies a possibility of eating, but the core issue for the speaker is the *ability* to eat something they usually dislike, which is conveyed by the potential form.

「食べるようになった」 (taberu yō ni natta) means 'came to eat' or 'started eating.' This indicates a change in habit that has already occurred, but the speaker is still in the process of deciding to buy based on a potential future ability.

「食べられるようになった」 (taberareru yō ni natta) means 'came to be able to eat.' This also indicates a change in ability that has already occurred, which doesn't fit the context of a new consideration before buying.

「しに」 (shi ni) means 'to do (something)' (purpose). 「しにこないはず」 would imply 'it's unlikely she would come to do (the ring),' which is grammatically incorrect and nonsensical.

「～つもり」 (tsumori) expresses intention ('intend to'). 「してこないつもり」 would mean 'she doesn't intend to come wearing it,' which is about her personal intention, not a logical presumption about what she *wouldn't* do given the circumstances.

This option combines the incorrect 「しに」 with 「つもり」, making it grammatically incorrect and semantically unsuitable.

This phrase is part of the reason for finishing today, but it doesn't fit the star position which requires a phrase to complete the action of 'finishing'.

This phrase connects the reason ('looks like I'll be busy') to the suggestion, but it doesn't fit the star position.

This is part of the verb phrase 'let's finish it,' but it needs to be preceded by '今日中に' to make sense in the context of the star position.

This phrase means 'I am truly' and comes at the end of the sentence, describing the speaker's feeling, not fitting the star position.

This phrase means 'when she says 'Welcome home'' and describes the trigger for the feeling, not fitting the star position.

This phrase means 'such a cute' and modifies '娘' (daughter), but it needs '娘がいる' to form the complete clause that describes the reason for happiness.

This phrase means 'not only cherry blossoms' and comes after the main clause, not fitting the star position.

This phrase means 'by the fact that' or 'because of,' and while it connects to 'きれいな,' it needs '有名ですが' to complete the contrasting statement.

This phrase means 'beautiful' and modifies '桜,' but it needs to be followed by 'ことで有名ですが' to form the complete clause.

This phrase means 'to fail' and comes after 'チャレンジして,' not fitting the star position.

This phrase means 'without doing' and is part of the contrasting clause '何もしないでいるより' (rather than doing nothing), not fitting the star position.

This phrase means 'rather than being' and completes the contrasting clause '何もしないでいるより,' not fitting the star position.

This phrase means 'three people' and is part of the group that receives the discount, but it needs 'まで' to specify the limit.

This phrase means 'with one discount coupon' and describes the means, not fitting the star position which specifies the limit of people.

This phrase means '20% discount' and describes the discount amount, not fitting the star position.

「水」 (mizu - water) refers to the water flushing, which was a *third* surprise mentioned *after* the blank, not what 'それ' refers to in this context.

「トイレ」 (toire - toilet) is the object where the events occurred, but 'それ' refers to the specific surprising *actions* of the toilet, not the toilet itself.

「その家」 (sono ie - that house) refers to the location, not the specific surprising events that caused the author's astonishment.

「思っています」 (omotte imasu) means 'I am thinking' or 'I think (currently).' This indicates a present continuous state or a current opinion, which does not fit the past narrative.

「思ったところです」 (omotta tokoro desu) means 'I have just thought.' This implies a very recent completion of the thought, which is not suitable for a thought that occurred earlier in the recounted experience.

「思います」 (omoimasu) means 'I think (present/future).' This is a general present tense or future intention, not suitable for a past thought in a narrative.

「座ってしまうからです」 (suwatte shimau kara desu) means 'because one ends up sitting.' This implies an unintended or regrettable action, which does not fit the context of sitting with peace of mind.

「座るからです」 (suwaru kara desu) means 'because one sits.' This is a simple statement of cause, but it lacks the nuance of potential ability ('can sit') and the reported speech conveyed by 'のだそうです'.

「座れることだそうです」 (suwareru koto da sō desu) means 'I hear that it is the thing that one can sit.' While grammatically possible, 「のだそうです」 is a more natural and common way to express reported information about a state or ability in Japanese.

「なぜなら」 (nazenara) means 'because' and is used to introduce a reason or explanation. It does not fit the context of introducing a contrast.

「ちなみに」 (chinami ni) means 'by the way' and is used to add incidental or supplementary information. It is not suitable for introducing a contrasting main point.

「また」 (mata) means 'also' or 'again' and is used to add similar information or another point. It is not suitable for introducing a contrast.

The particle 「に」 (ni) can indicate the agent in a passive sentence (by whom), but 「が」 is more natural for marking the subject of the passive verb '作られた' (were made) when the agent is not explicitly stated or is the focus.

The particle 「で」 (de) indicates means, place of action, or cause. It is not suitable for marking the subject of a passive verb.

The particle 「から」 (kara) means 'from' or 'because.' It is not suitable for marking the subject of a passive verb.

This option incorrectly mentions '新製品' (new product) arriving instead of '部品のサンプル' (sample parts).

This option incorrectly mentions '新製品' (new product) and '会議で決まった内容' (content decided at the meeting) instead of confirming the '会議日程' (meeting schedule).

This option incorrectly states '会議で決まった内容' (content decided at the meeting) instead of confirming the '会議日程' (meeting schedule).

The passage states 「大小の二つの池があり」 (there are two ponds, one large and one small), not two of each.

The passage states 「この土地に昔からある木や草が植えられている」 (trees and plants that have been in this land since ancient times are planted), not rare ones collected from elsewhere.

The passage states 「市の中心部にあるのに静かで、郊外へピクニックに出かけたような気分になれる」 (it's in the city center but quiet, making you feel like you've gone on a picnic to the suburbs), indicating it's in the city center, not the suburbs.

This option directly contradicts the underlined statement and the main point of the passage.

This option is about different ways to express a thought, not about a single word having multiple interpretations.

This option is about the quantity of words needed for expression, which is unrelated to the concept of a single word having multiple meanings.

The announcement states the first train will depart at 5:30 AM, not 5:15 AM. It will be 15 minutes *earlier* than before, but the new time is 5:30 AM.

The announcement states that express trains will run every 10 minutes *only between 7 AM and 9 AM on weekdays*, not throughout the entire operating day.

The announcement states the changes take effect from *January 5, 2013*, not February 1st.

The author returned to *wait for* friends, not because friends were already waiting for them.

The author discovered the snow mountain walk *after* returning to the hotel; it was not the reason for their early return.

The decision to join the snow mountain walk and hear the explanation was made *after* returning to the hotel, not as the reason for returning early.

This option incorrectly states that ski boots are allowed, when the passage explicitly says they are not.

This option incorrectly states that clothing and gloves should be for daily use, and also incorrectly states that ski boots are allowed.

This option incorrectly states that clothing and gloves should be for daily use; they should be ski-specific.

This option incorrectly implies the author enjoyed skiing, which contradicts the passage stating they 'didn't ski much' and 'didn't get good at skiing'.

While the author did see animals, the primary reason for wanting to return was the overall enjoyment of the snow mountain walk, not just seeing animals. Option 4 is more comprehensive.

This option incorrectly states that the author got better at skiing, which contradicts the passage.

The passage indicates the opposite: rooms are overflowing with things, implying a lack of space.

The passage does not suggest any feeling of obligation or guilt about leaving a store without buying anything.

The passage explicitly states they buy 'without deeply considering if they truly need it,' which contradicts the idea that they believe it's definitely necessary.

This contradicts the advice to check if you already own a similar item.

This contradicts the advice to think about various things (necessity, existing items, storage space).

This option includes '本当に安いか' (if it's really cheap), which is not part of the three-step advice given in the passage. The advice focuses on necessity, duplication, and storage, not price.

This option encourages enjoyment of shopping, which contradicts the cautionary tone and the main point about avoiding clutter.

While looking at prices is part of smart shopping, the core advice in the passage is about necessity and storage, not just price. This option doesn't capture the main message.

This option encourages rushing to buy cheap items, which is precisely the impulsive behavior the passage advises against.

Using electric light is a characteristic of vegetable factories, but it's not the direct reason for producing *more* vegetables in the *same area* compared to fields. The stacked shelves allow for vertical farming.

The passage explicitly states '同じ広さの場所でも' (even in the same area), contradicting the idea that it's due to a wide area.

Being indoors is a condition, but the *method* that allows for increased production in a limited footprint is the stacking of shelves, not just being inside a building.

Adjusting shelf height is mentioned as a benefit for workers' comfort, not as a method to prevent insects or control the plant's environment.

The passage mentions using '電気の光' (electric light), not sunlight, as the light source. Therefore, adjusting shelf placement for sunlight is not relevant.

While maintaining a comfortable temperature for workers might be a side effect, the question asks about creating the environment for the *vegetables* to grow, not for worker comfort.

The passage implies high costs, not cheap production, and states that some factory-grown vegetables are *more* nutritious, not less.

The passage states they can produce '多くの野菜' (many vegetables) in the same area, contradicting '一度にたくさん作れない' (cannot produce many at once).

The passage states '作れる野菜の種類もまだ少ない' (the variety of vegetables that can be grown is still small), contradicting 'いろいろな種類がある' (there are various kinds).

This contradicts the author's conclusion that vegetable factory production needs to be increased in the future.

The author suggests solving the problems of vegetable factories, not abandoning them for entirely different technologies.

The passage states that research is *currently being conducted* to solve the problems, implying they are not yet solved, and does not suggest immediate construction.

A shirt that has never been worn is considered new and would be acceptable under the 'clothing' category, assuming no severe dirt or damage.

A television is an electrical appliance. The rule for electrical appliances is 「使用可能なもの」 (must be usable). Assuming the TV is still usable, it can be bought, regardless of how long it's been used.

A guitar is a musical instrument. The rule for musical instruments is 「使用可能なもの」 (must be usable). Assuming the guitar is still usable, it can be bought.

While bringing items to the store is an option, it's not the *only* way. The store also offers pick-up service and mail-in options, so it's not something you *must* always do.

The announcement states: 「買い取れなかった品物は、店に置いていくことも可能です。 こちらで捨てます。」 (Unpurchased items can be left at the store. We will dispose of them here.) So, you don't *have* to take them back.

Reserving by the day before is required for the *pick-up service* (when the store visits your home/office), not for bringing items to the store yourself.