Letters and Vocabulary test
問題1___のことばの読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つえらびなさい。
1. <u>丸い</u>テーブルが欲しい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
丸い (まるい) is the correct reading for the kanji 丸い, which means 'round'. The sentence means 'I want a round table.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 細い, which means 'thin'.
This is the reading for 軽い, which means 'light'.
This is the reading for 低い, which means 'low'.
2. この運動場は<u>個人</u>でも利用できる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
個人 (こじん) is the correct reading for the kanji 個人, which means 'individual' or 'private person'. The sentence means 'This sports ground can be used by individuals too.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 個人.
This is an incorrect reading for 個人.
This is an incorrect reading for 個人.
3. この<u>方向</u>で間違いない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
方向 (ほうこう) is the correct reading for the kanji 方向, which means 'direction'. The sentence means 'There's no mistake with this direction.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 方々, meaning 'various directions' or 'people'.
This is an incorrect reading for 方向.
This is the reading for 方法 (method) or 抱負 (aspiration).
4. <u>申し込み</u>はあしたまでです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
申し込み (もうしこみ) is the correct reading for the kanji 申し込み, which means 'application' or 'registration'. The sentence means 'Applications are until tomorrow.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 申し込み.
This is an incorrect reading for 申し込み.
This is an incorrect reading for 申し込み.
5. きちんと<u>測って</u>ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
測って (はかって) is the te-form of 測る, meaning 'to measure'. The sentence means 'Please measure it properly.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the te-form of 守る, meaning 'to protect' or 'to keep (a promise)'.
This is the te-form of 閉まる (to close) or しまう (to put away).
This is the te-form of 従う, meaning 'to follow' or 'to obey'.
6. その国は20年前に<u>独立</u>した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
独立 (どくりつ) is the correct reading for the kanji 独立, which means 'independence'. The sentence means 'That country became independent 20 years ago.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 独立.
This is an incorrect reading for 独立.
This is an incorrect reading for 独立.
7. 落としたときに<u>折れて</u>しまいました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
折れて (おれて) is the te-form of 折れる, meaning 'to break' or 'to snap' (intransitive). The sentence means 'It broke when I dropped it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the te-form of 割れる, meaning 'to crack' or 'to break' (e.g., glass).
This is the te-form of 濡れる, meaning 'to get wet'.
This is the te-form of 壊れる, meaning 'to break' or 'to be broken' (general).
8. ごみを減らすためには、一人一人の<u>努力</u>が大切だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
努力 (どりょく) is the correct reading for the kanji 努力, which means 'effort'. The sentence means 'To reduce trash, each person's effort is important.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 努力.
This is the reading for 協力 (cooperation) or 強力 (powerful).
This is an incorrect reading for 努力.
問題2 ___のことばを漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つえらびなさい。
9. 捕まえた魚が<u>にげて</u>しまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
逃げて (にげて) is the correct kanji for にげて, which is the te-form of 逃げる, meaning 'to escape' or 'to run away'. The sentence means 'The fish I caught escaped.'
Why other options are incorrect:
遠い (とおい) means 'far'. This kanji is incorrect for にげて.
返す (かえす) means 'to return'. This kanji is incorrect for にげて.
逆 (ぎゃく) means 'reverse'. This kanji is incorrect for にげて.
10. 数学の<u>せいせき</u>が前よりよくなった
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
成績 (せいせき) is the correct kanji for せいせき, which means 'results' or 'grades'. The sentence means 'My math grades improved compared to before.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect kanji combination for せいせき.
This is an incorrect kanji combination for せいせき. 整 (ととのえる) means 'to arrange'.
This is an incorrect kanji combination for せいせき.
11. 魚を<u>やいて</u>食べた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
焼いて (やいて) is the correct kanji for やいて, which is the te-form of 焼く, meaning 'to grill' or 'to bake'. The sentence means 'I grilled the fish and ate it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
堤 (つつみ) means 'embankment'. This kanji is incorrect for やいて.
燃える (もえる) means 'to burn' (intransitive). This kanji is incorrect for やいて.
煙 (けむり) means 'smoke'. This kanji is incorrect for やいて.
12. その赤いところを<u>まわして</u>ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
回して (まわして) is the correct kanji for まわして, which is the te-form of 回す, meaning 'to turn' or 'to rotate'. The sentence means 'Please turn that red part.'
Why other options are incorrect:
曲げる (まげる) means 'to bend'. This kanji is incorrect for まわして.
押す (おす) means 'to push'. This kanji is incorrect for まわして.
引く (ひく) means 'to pull'. This kanji is incorrect for まわして.
13. 話し合った内容を<u>きろく</u>しておく。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
記録 (きろく) is the correct kanji for きろく, which means 'record' or 'document'. The sentence means 'I will record the content we discussed.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 議事録 (minutes of a meeting). While related, 記録 is more general.
This is an incorrect kanji combination for きろく.
This is an incorrect kanji combination for きろく. 緑 (みどり) means 'green'.
14. 順番に<u>じょうしゃ</u>してください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
乗車 (じょうしゃ) is the correct kanji for じょうしゃ, which means 'boarding (a vehicle)'. The sentence means 'Please board in order.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for げしゃ, meaning 'getting off (a vehicle)'.
This is the reading for こうしゃ, also meaning 'getting off (a vehicle)'.
This is an incorrect kanji combination for じょうしゃ.
問題3 ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つえらびなさい。
15. 初めて海外に行く弟に、気をつけたほうがいいことを( )してあげた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
アドバイス (adobaisu) means 'advice'. Giving advice about things to be careful of to a younger brother going abroad for the first time fits the context.
Why other options are incorrect:
インタビュー (intabyuu) means 'interview'. It does not fit the context of giving warnings.
スピーチ (supiichi) means 'speech'. It does not fit the context.
アンケート (ankeeto) means 'questionnaire' or 'survey'. It does not fit the context.
16. 鈴木さんは本当に歌が( )ので、プロの歌手だと思われることもあるらしい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
うまい (umai) means 'skillful' or 'good at'. If Suzuki-san is so good at singing that people sometimes think she's a professional singer, うまい is the most appropriate word.
Why other options are incorrect:
なつかしい (natsukashii) means 'nostalgic' or 'fondly remembered'. It does not describe singing ability.
えらい (erai) means 'great' or 'admirable'. While a professional singer might be admirable, うまい directly describes skill.
おとなしい (otonashii) means 'quiet' or 'gentle'. It does not describe singing ability.
17. 「わたしはたくさん練習したので、今度のカラオケ大会では優勝する( )があります。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
自信 (じしん) means 'confidence'. Having practiced a lot, one would have confidence in winning the karaoke competition.
Why other options are incorrect:
関心 (かんしん) means 'interest' or 'concern'. 'Having interest in winning' doesn't fit the context of having practiced.
印象 (いんしょう) means 'impression'. 'Having an impression of winning' doesn't make sense.
興味 (きょうみ) means 'interest'. Similar to 関心, it doesn't fit the context of personal ability after practice.
18. 昨日病院で目の( )をしてもらったら、目が少し悪くなっていることがわかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
検査 (けんさ) means 'inspection' or 'examination'. Having an eye examination at the hospital is the natural action to discover one's eyesight has worsened.
Why other options are incorrect:
研究 (けんきゅう) means 'research'. One does not research their eyes at a hospital.
証明 (しょうめい) means 'proof' or 'certification'. One does not get proof of their eyes.
視察 (しさつ) means 'inspection' or 'observation' (often for official purposes). It is not used for personal medical checks.
19. 就職が決まったら、苦手だった外国語の勉強に( )しようと思っている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
チャレンジ (charenji) means 'challenge'. To challenge oneself to study a foreign language one was not good at, after finding a job, is a common and appropriate expression.
Why other options are incorrect:
アクセス (akusesu) means 'access'. It does not fit the context of studying.
オープン (oopun) means 'open'. It does not fit the context.
セット (setto) means 'set'. It does not fit the context.
20. 最近風邪が( )ようで、学校を休む生徒が多い。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
流行している (ryuukou shiteiru) means 'is流行ing' or 'is spreading' (like a trend or an illness). If many students are absent from school, it implies that colds are spreading.
Why other options are incorrect:
派手な (hade na) means 'flashy' or 'showy'. It does not apply to colds.
活動している (katsudou shiteiru) means 'is active'. While a virus is active, this phrasing is not natural for a cold spreading among people.
盛んな (sakan na) means 'prosperous' or 'flourishing'. It does not apply to colds.
21. 友達に映画を見に行こうと誘われたが、忙しかったので( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
断わった (ことわった) is the past tense of 断わる, meaning 'to refuse' or 'to decline'. If invited to a movie but busy, one would decline the invitation.
Why other options are incorrect:
取り消した (とりけした) means 'canceled' or 'withdrew'. This is used for canceling plans that were already made, not for declining an initial invitation.
否定した (ひていした) means 'denied' or 'negated'. This is used for denying a fact or statement.
禁止した (きんしした) means 'prohibited' or 'forbidden'. This is used for prohibiting an action.
22. あともう少しで優勝できたのに、1点差で負けてしまって、 本当に( )ですね。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
おしかった (oshikatta) is the past tense of 惜しい, meaning 'regrettable' or 'a pity' (often used when narrowly missing something). Losing by just one point when almost winning is indeed regrettable.
Why other options are incorrect:
こわかった (kowakatta) means 'was scary'. It does not fit the context of losing a game.
くさかった (kusakatta) means 'was smelly' or 'was rotten'. It does not fit the context.
まずしかった (mazushikatta) means 'was poor' or 'was unappetizing'. It does not fit the context.
23. さっき転んだときに足にできた( )に、薬を塗った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
傷 (きず) means 'wound', 'cut', or 'scratch'. If one fell and got something on their leg, it would be a wound to which medicine is applied.
Why other options are incorrect:
欠点 (けってん) means 'defect' or 'flaw'. It is not a physical injury.
汚れ (よごれ) means 'dirt' or 'stain'. One doesn't apply medicine to dirt.
故障 (こしょう) means 'breakdown' or 'failure' (for machines/equipment). It is not used for human body injuries.
24. この国は石油などの資源がないので、他の国から輸入に( )いる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
頼って (たよって) is the te-form of 頼る, meaning 'to rely on' or 'to depend on'. If a country lacks resources like oil, it would rely on imports from other countries.
Why other options are incorrect:
預けて (あずけて) is the te-form of 預ける, meaning 'to deposit' or 'to entrust'. It is not suitable for relying on imports.
願って (ねがって) is the te-form of 願う, meaning 'to wish' or 'to pray'. It is not suitable for a country's economic reliance.
尋ねて (たずねて) is the te-form of 尋ねる, meaning 'to ask' or 'to inquire'. It is not suitable for economic reliance.
25. 寝坊して、慌てて家を出たので、( ) 部屋の窓を閉めるのを忘れてしまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
うっかり (ukkari) is an adverb meaning 'carelessly' or 'by mistake'. If one overslept and rushed out of the house, it's natural to carelessly forget to close the window.
Why other options are incorrect:
やっと (yatto) means 'at last' or 'finally'. It does not fit the context of forgetting.
ぐっすり (gussuri) means 'soundly' (sleeping). It does not fit the context.
そっと (sotto) means 'gently' or 'quietly'. It does not fit the context of forgetting.
問題4___に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つえらびなさい。
26. この<u>きまり</u>について、みなさんはどう思いますか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
きまり (kimari) means 'rule' or 'regulation'. 規則 (きそく) is a direct synonym for 'rule' or 'regulation'. The sentence asks for opinions on this rule.
Why other options are incorrect:
料金 (りょうきん) means 'fee' or 'charge'. It is not a synonym for きまり.
技術 (ぎじゅつ) means 'technology' or 'skill'. It is not a synonym for きまり.
結果 (けっか) means 'result'. It is not a synonym for きまり.
27. 一人でこの山に登るのは<u>不安</u>だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
不安 (ふあん) means 'anxiety' or 'unease'. 心配だ (しんぱいだ) means 'worried' or 'anxious', which is the closest meaning. Climbing a mountain alone would naturally cause worry.
Why other options are incorrect:
寂しい (さびしい) means 'lonely'. While one might feel lonely, the primary feeling of 不安 is worry, not just loneliness.
危険だ (きけんだ) means 'dangerous'. While it might be dangerous, 不安 describes the feeling, not the objective state.
つまらない (tsumaranai) means 'boring' or 'uninteresting'. It does not relate to anxiety.
28. リーさんは日本の絵画を<u>まなんでいる</u>そうです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
まなんでいる (manandeiru) is the te-form of 学ぶ, meaning 'to learn' or 'to study'. 勉強している (べんきょうしている) means 'is studying', which is a direct synonym. The sentence means 'I heard Lee is studying Japanese painting.'
Why other options are incorrect:
紹介している (しょうかいしている) means 'is introducing'. It is not a synonym for まなんでいる.
たくさん飾っている (takusan kazatteiru) means 'is decorating a lot'. It is not a synonym for まなんでいる.
たくさん持っている (takusan motteiru) means 'is holding/having a lot'. It is not a synonym for まなんでいる.
29. 教室には人が<u>まったく</u>いなかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
まったく (mattaku) means 'completely' or 'entirely' (often used with negative verbs). ぜんぜん (zenzen) also means 'completely' or 'not at all' (used with negative verbs), making it a direct synonym. The sentence means 'There was absolutely no one in the classroom.'
Why other options are incorrect:
あまり (amari) means 'not much' or 'not very' (used with negative verbs). It implies some, but not many.
まだ (mada) means 'still' or 'yet'. It is not a synonym for まったく.
もう (mou) means 'already' or 'anymore'. It is not a synonym for まったく.
30. 今日の講演会は<u>延期になった</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
延期になった (enki ni natta) means 'was postponed'. 後の別の日にやることになった (ato no betsu no hi ni yaru koto ni natta) means 'it was decided to do it on a different day later', which is the definition of postponement.
Why other options are incorrect:
This means 'It started earlier than planned'. This is the opposite of postponement.
This means 'It finished later than planned'. This is a delay, but not a postponement of the entire event.
This means 'It was decided to continue on a different day later'. This implies continuation, not a full postponement of the initial event.
問題5 つぎのことばの使い方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4から一つえらびなさい。
31. 性格
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
性格 (せいかく) means 'personality' or 'character'. Option 3, 'My sister and I have similar talkative personalities,' uses 性格 correctly to describe a personal trait.
Why other options are incorrect:
性格 is not used for songs. Songs can be 'bright' (明るい), but not have a 'bright personality'.
性格 is not used for physical abilities like running fast. One might have a 'fast nature' (足が速い性質), but not 性格.
性格 is not used for restaurants. Restaurants can be 'quiet' (静かな), but not have a 'quiet personality'.
32. 募集
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
募集 (ぼしゅう) means 'recruitment' or 'invitation for applications'. Option 1, 'The supermarket in front of the station is recruiting part-time workers,' uses 募集 correctly for job recruitment.
Why other options are incorrect:
募集 is not used for collecting stamps. 収集 (しゅうしゅう) would be used for collecting.
募集 is not used for collecting materials. 回収 (かいしゅう) or 収集 (しゅうしゅう) would be used for collecting materials.
募集 is not used for collecting trash. 収集 (しゅうしゅう) or 集める (あつめる) would be used for collecting trash.
33. 似合う
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
似合う (にあう) means 'to suit' or 'to match' (e.g., clothes suiting a person). Option 4, 'That white hat really suits Ikeda-san,' uses 似合う correctly to describe how an item of clothing looks good on someone.
Why other options are incorrect:
似合う is not used for dance movements not matching. 合う (あう) or 揃う (そろう) would be more appropriate.
似合う is not used for opinions not matching. 合わない (awanai) or 一致しない (icchishinai) would be more appropriate.
似合う is not used for schedules matching. 合う (あう) or 都合がいい (tsugou ga ii) would be more appropriate.
34. 消費
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
消費 (しょうひ) means 'consumption' or 'spending'. Option 1, 'We live by consuming large amounts of energy like electricity,' uses 消費 correctly for the consumption of resources.
Why other options are incorrect:
消費 is not used for completing work. 処理 (しょり) or 終える (おえる) would be more appropriate.
消費 is not used for information being deleted or lost. 削除 (さくじょ) or 消去 (しょうきょ) would be more appropriate.
消費 is not used for food being digested in the stomach. 消化 (しょうか) would be the correct term for digestion.
35. 空
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
空 (から) means 'empty'. Option 2, 'Please put the empty plastic bottles here after you finish drinking,' uses 空 correctly to describe an empty container.
Why other options are incorrect:
空 is not used for plain tea without sugar or milk. ストレート (sutoreeto) or ブラック (burakku) would be used.
空 is not used for a free day in a schedule. 空き (あき) or 暇 (ひま) would be used. The phrase '空の目' is incorrect.
空 is not used for lack of experience. 経験がない (keiken ga nai) or 経験が浅い (keiken ga asai) would be used. The phrase '経験は空' is incorrect.