JLPT Test N3 in 12/2021
問題１ ___のことばの読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
1) この国の人は<u>自然</u>を大切にしている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
自然 (しぜん) means 'nature'. The sentence means 'People in this country cherish nature'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 自然.
This is an incorrect reading for 自然.
This is an incorrect reading for 自然.
2) あと 30 <u>秒</u>で完成します。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
秒 (びょう) means 'second'. The sentence means 'It will be completed in 30 more seconds'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 秒.
This is an incorrect reading for 秒.
This is an incorrect reading for 秒.
3) 夏休みも<u>残り</u>三日になってしまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
残り (のこり) means 'remainder' or 'what's left'. The sentence means 'There are only three days left of summer vacation'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 残り.
終わり (owari) means 'end', but it's not the correct reading for 残り in this context.
余り (amari) means 'excess' or 'too much', but it's not the correct reading for 残り.
4) このグラフは、人口の<u>増減</u>を表している。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
増減 (ぞうげん) means 'increase and decrease' or 'fluctuation'. The sentence means 'This graph shows the population fluctuation'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 増減.
This is an incorrect reading for 増減.
This is an incorrect reading for 増減.
5) 面接の結果は、1 週間以内に<u>通知</u>します。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
通知 (つうち) means 'notification' or 'notice'. The sentence means 'The interview results will be notified within one week'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 通知.
This is an incorrect reading for 通知.
This is an incorrect reading for 通知.
6) 庭に<u>生えた</u>草にきれいな花が咲いていた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
生えた (はえた) is the past tense of 生える (はえる), meaning 'to grow' or 'to sprout (naturally)'. The sentence means 'Beautiful flowers were blooming on the grass that grew in the garden'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
植えた (ueta) is the past tense of 植える (ueru), meaning 'to plant', which implies intentional action, not natural growth.
7) 外国で一人暮らしをしているので、国の料理が<u>恋しく</u>なる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
恋しく (こいしく) is the adverbial form of 恋しい (こいしい), meaning 'to miss' or 'to long for'. The sentence means 'Since I live alone in a foreign country, I miss my home country's food'.
Why other options are incorrect:
懐かしく (natsukashiku) is from 懐かしい (natsukashii), meaning 'nostalgic'. While related, 'missing' is a more direct fit for 恋しい.
嬉しく (ureshiku) is from 嬉しい (ureshii), meaning 'happy'.
欲しく (hoshiku) is from 欲しい (hoshii), meaning 'to want'.
8) これを<u>郵送</u>してください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
郵送 (ゆうそう) means 'mailing' or 'sending by post'. The sentence means 'Please mail this'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 郵送.
This is the reading for 放送 (hōsō - broadcast) or 包装 (hōsō - packaging).
This is the reading for 輸送 (yusō - transport).
問題 2___のことばを漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
9) あそこにいるのが私の<u>むすめ</u>です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
むすめ (musume) means 'daughter', and the correct kanji is 娘. The sentence means 'The person over there is my daughter'.
Why other options are incorrect:
妹 (imōto) means 'younger sister'.
嫁 (yome) means 'bride' or 'wife'.
婦 (fu) means 'woman' or 'wife' (often used in compounds like 婦人 - fujin - lady).
10) 彼女は頭もいいし、<u>せいかく</u>もいい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
せいかく (seikaku) means 'personality' or 'character', and the correct kanji is 性格. The sentence means 'She is smart and has a good personality'.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect kanji combination.
This is an incorrect kanji combination.
正確 (seikaku) means 'accurate' or 'precise'.
11) それは誰かの<u>めいれい</u>ですか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
めいれい (meirei) means 'order' or 'command', and the correct kanji is 命令. The sentence means 'Is that someone's order?'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect kanji combination.
This is an incorrect kanji combination.
This is an incorrect kanji combination.
12) 銀行へお金を<u>あずけ</u>に行ってきます。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
あずけ (azuke) is the stem of 預ける (azukeru), meaning 'to deposit' or 'to entrust'. The correct kanji is 預け. The sentence means 'I'm going to the bank to deposit money'.
Why other options are incorrect:
借け is from 借りる (kariru), meaning 'to borrow'.
替け is from 替える (kaeru), meaning 'to exchange' or 'to replace'.
貯け is from 貯める (tameru), meaning 'to save money'.
13) テストの点数が<u>よそう</u>以上によかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
よそう (yosou) means 'expectation' or 'prediction', and the correct kanji is 予想. The sentence means 'The test score was better than expected'.
Why other options are incorrect:
予習 (yoshū) means 'preparation for a lesson'.
予測 (yosoku) means 'prediction' (often more scientific or statistical). While similar to 予想, 予想 is more common for general expectations.
予定 (yotei) means 'plan' or 'schedule'.
14) これはとても<u>こうか</u>なものだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
こうか (kouka) means 'expensive' or 'high-priced', and the correct kanji is 高価. The sentence means 'This is a very expensive item'.
Why other options are incorrect:
高値 (takane) means 'high price' (as a noun).
This is an incorrect kanji combination.
高給 (kōkyū) means 'high salary'.
間題 3（ ）に人れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
15) 会社に帰ったら、今回の出張の（ ）をしなければならない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
報告 (ほうこく) means 'report'. After returning to the company from a business trip (出張), one must make a report. The sentence means 'When I return to the company, I must make a report on this business trip'.
Why other options are incorrect:
発言 (hatsugen) means 'statement' or 'remark'.
講演 (kōen) means 'lecture' or 'speech'.
応答 (ōtō) means 'response' or 'reply'.
16) 試合を見ていた人にテニスボールが（ ）。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
あたった (atatta) is the past tense of 当たる (ataru), meaning 'to hit' or 'to strike (by chance or impact)'. A tennis ball hitting a spectator is a common usage. The sentence means 'The tennis ball hit a person watching the match'.
Why other options are incorrect:
なぐった (nagutta) is the past tense of 殴る (naguru), meaning 'to punch' or 'to hit (a person) intentionally'.
うつった (utsutta) is the past tense of 移る (utsuru), meaning 'to move' or 'to transfer', or 映る (utsuru), meaning 'to be reflected'. Neither fits the context.
うった (utta) is the past tense of 打つ (utsu), meaning 'to hit' or 'to strike (with an object)', but it's usually transitive (e.g., ボールを打つ - to hit the ball). 当たる is more appropriate for something hitting someone.
17) 必要がないものを買うのは、お金の（ ）だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
無駄 (muda) means 'waste'. Buying unnecessary things is a waste of money. The sentence means 'Buying unnecessary things is a waste of money'.
Why other options are incorrect:
苦手 (nigate) means 'poor at' or 'weak point'.
貧乏 (binbō) means 'poverty' or 'poor'.
不用 (fuyō) means 'unnecessary' or 'disused', but it's usually used as an adjective (e.g., 不用品 - unnecessary items) rather than directly describing the act of wasting money.
18) 今回は三日間の旅行であまり時間がないが、（ ）多くの寺に行きたい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
なるべく (narubeku) means 'as much as possible' or 'as far as possible'. Given the limited time, the speaker wants to visit as many temples as possible. The sentence means 'This trip is only three days, so there isn't much time, but I want to visit as many temples as possible'.
Why other options are incorrect:
うっかり (ukkari) means 'carelessly' or 'by mistake'.
たいてい (taitei) means 'usually' or 'mostly'.
そっと (sotto) means 'gently' or 'quietly'.
19) 日本に着いた（ ）、大学で授業の説明会があった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
翌日 (yokujitsu) means 'the next day' or 'the following day'. This fits the context of an event happening immediately after arriving in Japan. The sentence means 'The day after I arrived in Japan, there was an orientation session for classes at the university'.
Why other options are incorrect:
今後 (kongo) means 'from now on' or 'in the future'.
明日 (ashita) means 'tomorrow'. While it's the next day, 翌日 is more formal and specific for 'the following day' in a sequence of events.
早速 (sussoku) means 'immediately' or 'at once'. While it implies quickness, 翌日 specifies the exact timing.
20) 来年は何か新しいことに（ ）しようと思っている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
チャレンジ (charenji) means 'challenge'. The phrase 「～にチャレンジする」 means 'to challenge oneself to something new'. The sentence means 'Next year, I'm thinking of challenging myself to something new'.
Why other options are incorrect:
オープン (ōpun) means 'open'.
ノック (nokku) means 'knock'.
マーク (māku) means 'mark'.
21) 駅前の（ ）を安く買った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
土地 (tochi) means 'land' or 'plot of land'. One can buy land cheaply. The sentence means 'I bought land in front of the station cheaply'.
Why other options are incorrect:
住所 (jūsho) means 'address'. You don't buy an address.
近所 (kinjo) means 'neighborhood'. You don't buy a neighborhood.
番地 (banchi) means 'house number' or 'lot number'. You don't buy a house number.
22) （ ）電話でお願いした件は、どうなりましたか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
このあいだ (kono aida) means 'the other day' or 'recently'. It refers to something that happened a short while ago. The sentence means 'What happened to the matter I asked you about on the phone the other day?'
Why other options are incorrect:
これから (korekara) means 'from now on'.
ふだん (fudan) means 'usually' or 'ordinarily'.
しばらく (shibaraku) means 'for a while' or 'for some time'.
23) みんなの意見が（ ）で、一つの意見にすることができません。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ばらばら (barabara) is an onomatopoeic word meaning 'scattered', 'disorganized', or 'dispersed'. If opinions are scattered, they cannot be unified. The sentence means 'Everyone's opinions are scattered, so we can't make it into one opinion'.
Why other options are incorrect:
がらがら (garagara) describes a rattling sound or being empty/sparse.
どきどき (dokidoki) describes a pounding heart (nervousness or excitement).
ずきずき (zukizuki) describes a throbbing pain.
24) 佐藤さんには、絶対に音楽家になるという強い（ ）があるようだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
意志 (ishi) means 'will' or 'intention'. A strong will is needed to achieve a goal like becoming a musician. The sentence means 'Mr. Sato seems to have a strong will to definitely become a musician'.
Why other options are incorrect:
満足 (manzoku) means 'satisfaction'.
将来 (shōrai) means 'future'.
努力 (doryoku) means 'effort'. While effort is related to achieving a goal, 'will' (意志) is the driving force behind that effort.
25) 山田「仕事が終わりましたので、お先に失礼します。」 田中「（ ）。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
おつかれさま (otsukaresama) is a common phrase used to acknowledge someone's hard work or effort, often said when someone leaves work or finishes a task. It's the appropriate response when someone says 'お先に失礼します' (O-saki ni shitsurei shimasu - Excuse me for leaving before you).
Why other options are incorrect:
おまちどおさま (omachidōsama) means 'Thank you for waiting'.
おかえりなさい (okaerinasai) means 'Welcome back'.
おかげさまで (okagesama de) means 'Thanks to you' or 'Fortunately'.
問題 4＿＿＿に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
26) 昨日見た映画は<u>退屈だった</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
退屈だった (taikutsu datta) means 'was boring'. つまらなかった (tsumaranakatta) also means 'was boring' or 'was uninteresting', making it the closest synonym. The sentence means 'The movie I watched yesterday was boring'.
Why other options are incorrect:
めずらしかった (mezurashikatta) means 'was rare' or 'was unusual'.
おかしかった (okashikatta) means 'was funny' or 'was strange'.
おもしろかった (omoshirokatta) means 'was interesting' (opposite of boring).
27) 危険なので絶対に<u>ふれないで</u>くだきい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ふれないで (furenaide) is the negative imperative of 触れる (fureru), meaning 'to touch'. 触らないで (sawaranaide) is the negative imperative of 触る (sawaru), also meaning 'to touch'. They are synonyms. The sentence means 'It's dangerous, so please absolutely do not touch it'.
Why other options are incorrect:
座らないで (suwaranaide) means 'Don't sit'.
走らないで (hashiranaide) means 'Don't run'.
休まないで (yasumanaide) means 'Don't rest'.
28) それはとてもいい<u>機会</u>だと思います。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
機会 (kikai) means 'opportunity' or 'chance'. チャンス (chansu) is the loanword for 'chance' or 'opportunity', making it a direct synonym. The sentence means 'I think that's a very good opportunity'.
Why other options are incorrect:
プレゼント (purezento) means 'present' or 'gift'.
アイディア (aidia) means 'idea'.
パーティー (pātī) means 'party'.
29) 今回の仕事は、いつもより<u>きつかった</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
きつかった (kitsukatta) is the past tense of きつい (kitsui), meaning 'tough', 'hard', or 'strenuous'. 大変だった (taihen datta) means 'was difficult' or 'was tough', making it the closest synonym. The sentence means 'This job was tougher than usual'.
Why other options are incorrect:
簡単だった (kantan datta) means 'was easy'.
楽しかった (tanoshikatta) means 'was fun'.
長かった (nagakatta) means 'was long'.
30) なぜ私のこたえが違うのか、友達の説明を聞いて<u>納得した</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
納得した (nattoku shita) means 'understood' or 'was convinced'. It implies a deep and clear understanding. とてもよく分かった (totemo yoku wakatta) means 'understood very well', which is the closest meaning. The sentence means 'After listening to my friend's explanation, I understood very well why my answer was wrong'.
Why other options are incorrect:
少し分かった (sukoshi wakatta) means 'understood a little'.
もう一度考えた (mō ichido kangaeta) means 'thought about it again'.
何度も考えた (nando mo kangaeta) means 'thought about it many times'.
間題 5 つぎのことばの使い方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
31) <u>集合</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
集合 (shūgō) means 'gathering' or 'assembly'. Option 1, 'あしたは駅前に 7 時に集合してください。' (Please gather in front of the station at 7 tomorrow), correctly uses 集合 to mean people gathering at a specific place and time.
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect usage. 集合 is not typically used for rain gathering. 雨が集まる (ame ga atsumaru) would be more natural.
Incorrect usage. 集合 is for people or things coming together, not for a collection of items in a shop. 揃っている (sorotte iru) or 集まっている (atsumatte iru) would be more appropriate.
Incorrect usage. For collecting stamps, 切手を集める (kitte o atsumeru) is used. 集合 is not used for hobbies like collecting.
32) <u>中古</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
中古 (chūko) means 'used' or 'second-hand'. Option 3, 'あの店に行けば、中古のカメラが安く買えますよ。' (You can buy a used camera cheaply at that store), correctly uses 中古 to describe a second-hand item.
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect usage. Eggs are not described as 中古. Freshness is the concern.
Incorrect usage. 中古 is not used for people or relationships.
Incorrect usage. 中古 is not used for employees. 経験豊富な (keiken hōfu na - experienced) would be more appropriate.
33) <u>追い抜く</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
追い抜く (oinuku) means 'to overtake' or 'to pass (someone/something moving ahead)'. Option 1, 'マラソンで前の人を追い抜くときに、腕がぶつかってしまった。' (When I overtook the person in front during the marathon, my arm bumped them), correctly uses 追い抜く in the context of a race.
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect usage. For passing a geographical feature, 越える (koeru - to cross/pass over) or 過ぎる (sugiru - to pass) would be used.
Incorrect usage. For passing an age, 過ぎる (sugiru) is used.
Incorrect usage. For passing a time, 過ぎる (sugiru) is used.
34) <u>見本</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
見本 (mihon) means 'sample', 'model', or 'example'. Option 3, 'ここに申込書の書き方の見本があるので、参考にしてくだきい。' (There is an example of how to fill out the application form here, so please use it as a reference), correctly uses 見本 to refer to a sample document.
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect usage. While 見本 can mean 'model', for a person representing a school, 代表 (daihyō - representative) or 模範 (mohan - role model) would be more natural.
Incorrect usage. For average or standard height, 平均 (heikin - average) or 標準 (hyōjun - standard) would be used.
Incorrect usage. For a person who teaches by example, 先生 (sensei - teacher) or 模範 (mohan - role model) would be used.
35) <u>だるい</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
だるい (darui) means 'sluggish', 'languid', or 'tired (physically, with a heavy feeling)'. Option 4, '体がだるくて起きられない。' (My body feels sluggish and I can't get up), correctly uses だるい to describe a physical state of fatigue.
Why other options are incorrect:
Incorrect usage. だるい is not used for taste. 薄い (usui - bland) or 物足りない (monotarinai - unsatisfying) would be more appropriate.
Incorrect usage. だるい is not used for clothing becoming loose. ゆるい (yurui - loose) would be appropriate.
Incorrect usage. This sentence doesn't make sense. One might want to 'relax' (だらだらしたい - daradara shitai) or 'rest' (休みたい - yasumitai).