2022/12 JLPT N3 Letters and Vocabulary test
問題１ ＿＿＿のことばの読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
この店では、いろいろな<u>容器</u>を売っています。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
容器 (ようき) means 'container'. The sentence means 'This store sells various containers.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading.
This is the reading for 道具, which means 'tool' and is a different word.
This is an incorrect reading.
山本さんは何と何を<u>比べた</u>んですか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
比べた (くらべた) is the past tense of 比べる, meaning 'to compare'. The sentence means 'What did Mr. Yamamoto compare?'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 並べた, meaning 'arranged' or 'lined up'.
This is the reading for 調べた, meaning 'investigated' or 'checked'.
This is the reading for 選べた, meaning 'was able to choose'.
書類が<u>複数</u>あるので、間違えないでください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
複数 (ふくすう) means 'multiple' or 'plural'. The sentence means 'There are multiple documents, so please don't make a mistake.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
昨日病院で<u>血圧</u>を計りました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
血圧 (けつあつ) means 'blood pressure'. The sentence means 'Yesterday, I measured my blood pressure at the hospital.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
ここから見る<u>夕日</u>はきれいだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
夕日 (ゆうひ) means 'evening sun' or 'sunset'. The sentence means 'The sunset seen from here is beautiful.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
そこに一人で行くのは<u>難しい</u>と思います。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
難しい (むずかしい) means 'difficult'. The sentence means 'I think it's difficult to go there alone.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 厳しい, meaning 'strict' or 'severe'.
This is the reading for 珍しい, meaning 'rare' or 'unusual'.
This is the reading for 寂しい, meaning 'lonely' or 'sad'.
中村さんから出張の<u>件</u>でお電話がありました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
件 (けん) means 'matter' or 'case'. The sentence means 'Mr. Nakamura called about the business trip matter.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
ここを<u>横断</u>するときは気をつけてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
横断 (おうだん) means 'crossing' or 'traversing'. The sentence means 'Please be careful when crossing here.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
This is an incorrect reading.
問題 2 ____のことばを漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
車から出て、外の空気を<u>すった</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
吸った (すった) is the past tense of 吸う (すう), meaning 'to inhale' or 'to breathe in'. The sentence means 'I got out of the car and breathed in the outside air.'
Why other options are incorrect:
吹いた (ふいた) means 'blew'.
呼んだ (よんだ) means 'called'.
叫んだ (さけんだ) means 'shouted'.
あしたのアルバイトは、いつもより時間が<u>みじかい</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
短い (みじかい) means 'short'. The sentence means 'Tomorrow's part-time job is shorter than usual.'
Why other options are incorrect:
早い (はやい) means 'early' or 'fast'.
長い (ながい) means 'long'.
遅い (おそい) means 'late' or 'slow'.
今日は少し、 <u>い</u>の調子がよくない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
胃 (い) means 'stomach'. The sentence means 'Today, my stomach is not feeling well.'
Why other options are incorrect:
肩 (かた) means 'shoulder'.
腰 (こし) means 'lower back' or 'waist'.
肌 (はだ) means 'skin'.
その話を聞いて、みんなが<u>えがお</u>になった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
笑顔 (えがお) means 'smile' or 'smiling face'. The sentence means 'Everyone smiled when they heard that story.'
Why other options are incorrect:
楽 (らく) means 'easy' or 'comfortable', but 楽顔 is not a standard word for 'smiling face'.
悲 (かなしい) means 'sad', so 悲顔 would mean 'sad face'.
泣 (なく) means 'to cry', so 泣顔 would mean 'crying face'.
<u>こくばん</u>を見てください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
黒板 (こくばん) means 'blackboard'. The sentence means 'Please look at the blackboard.'
Why other options are incorrect:
黒坂 (くろさか) is a surname or place name, not a common noun.
告 (つげる) means 'to inform', but 告板 is not a standard word for blackboard.
告坂 (つげさか) is not a standard word.
それは<u>いっぱんてき</u>なことだと思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
一般的 (いっぱんてき) means 'general' or 'common'. The sentence means 'I think that is a common thing.'
Why other options are incorrect:
一段 (いちだん) means 'one step' or 'a level', not related to 'general'. 一段的 is not a standard word.
一役 (ひとやく) means 'a role' or 'a part', not related to 'general'. 一役的 is not a standard word.
一設 (いっせつ) is not a standard word.
問題３ （ ）に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
田中さんは私のめいと結婚したので、私たちは( )にまりました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
親戚 (しんせき) means 'relative'. Since Mr. Tanaka married the speaker's niece (めい), they became relatives. This is the most appropriate word to describe the new relationship.
Why other options are incorrect:
夫婦 (ふうふ) means 'married couple'. This refers to Mr. Tanaka and the niece, not the speaker's relationship with Mr. Tanaka.
家内 (かない) means 'my wife', which is incorrect in this context.
兄弟 (きょうだい) means 'siblings', which is incorrect.
昨日は駅で、学生時代の友達に( )会って、びっくりした。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
偶然 (ぐうぜん) means 'by chance' or 'accidentally'. The sentence implies a surprising, unplanned encounter with an old friend at the station.
Why other options are incorrect:
ついでに means 'while doing something else' or 'at the same time'. It implies a planned secondary action, not a chance encounter.
当然 (とうぜん) means 'naturally' or 'as a matter of course'. This implies the meeting was expected, which contradicts 'びっくりした' (was surprised).
たまに means 'occasionally' or 'rarely'. While it implies infrequency, it doesn't convey the 'by chance' aspect of the surprise.
洗剤は種類が多いので、どれを買おうか( )しまう。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
迷って (まよって) is the -te form of 迷う (まよう), meaning 'to be at a loss', 'to hesitate', or 'to be confused'. With many types of detergent, one would be confused about which to buy.
Why other options are incorrect:
騒いで (さわいで) is the -te form of 騒ぐ (さわぐ), meaning 'to make noise' or 'to be boisterous'. This doesn't fit the context of choosing a product.
疑って (うたがって) is the -te form of 疑う (うたがう), meaning 'to doubt' or 'to suspect'. This doesn't fit the context of choosing a product.
飽きて (あきて) is the -te form of 飽きる (あきる), meaning 'to get tired of' or 'to lose interest'. This doesn't fit the context of choosing a product.
足に( )合う靴がなかなか見つからない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ぴったり means 'perfectly' or 'exactly'. It describes shoes that fit one's feet perfectly.
Why other options are incorrect:
はっきり means 'clearly' or 'distinctly'. It's used for clarity, not fit.
うっかり means 'carelessly' or 'by accident'. It describes a mistake, not a fit.
がっかり means 'disappointed'. It describes a feeling, not a fit.
天気がいいので、庭に洗濯物を( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
干した (ほした) is the past tense of 干す (ほす), meaning 'to dry (laundry, etc.)'. With good weather, one would dry laundry in the garden.
Why other options are incorrect:
混ぜた (まぜた) means 'mixed'.
揚げた (あげた) means 'fried' or 'lifted'.
こぼした (こぼした) means 'spilled'.
今日の晩ご飯は、森さんが教えてくれた日本料理の( )を見て作りました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
レシピ means 'recipe'. The sentence states that the speaker made Japanese food by looking at something Mr. Mori taught them, which would be a recipe.
Why other options are incorrect:
メッセージ means 'message'.
サイン means 'sign' or 'autograph'.
アナウンス means 'announcement'.
映画の中に( )する男性が、父にそっくりだった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
登場 (とうじょう) means 'appearance (on stage, in a film, etc.)' or 'entry'. The sentence means 'The man who appeared in the movie looked exactly like my father.'
Why other options are incorrect:
発生 (はっせい) means 'occurrence' or 'outbreak'.
支出 (ししゅつ) means 'expenditure' or 'outlay'.
掲示 (けいじ) means 'notice' or 'posting'.
大勢の前で歌うのは初めてだったので、( )した。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
どきどき (dokidoki) is an onomatopoeic word describing a pounding heart, often due to excitement, nervousness, or fear. Singing in front of a large crowd for the first time would cause nervousness.
Why other options are incorrect:
だぶだぶ (dabudabu) describes something baggy or loose-fitting (e.g., clothes).
ぐうぐう (guuguu) describes snoring or a rumbling stomach.
ざあざあ (zaazaa) describes the sound of heavy rain or water flowing.
ホテルで海側の部屋を( )したが、空いていなかった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
希望 (きぼう) means 'hope' or 'wish'. The sentence means 'I hoped for a room on the ocean side at the hotel, but it wasn't available.'
Why other options are incorrect:
納得 (なっとく) means 'understanding' or 'acceptance'.
承知 (しょうち) means 'consent' or 'acknowledgement'.
準備 (じゅんび) means 'preparation'.
夜になると、隣の家の犬が( )ので、うるさくてなかなか眠れない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ほえる (hoeru) means 'to bark' (for a dog). The sentence describes a dog barking at night, making it hard to sleep.
Why other options are incorrect:
ひびく (hibiku) means 'to echo' or 'to resonate'.
しゃべる (shaberu) means 'to chat' or 'to talk' (for humans).
どなる (donaru) means 'to shout' or 'to yell' (for humans).
この道は狭いので、前の車を( )のは危険ですよ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
追い越す (おいこす) means 'to overtake' or 'to pass (a car)'. The sentence warns that passing the car in front on a narrow road is dangerous.
Why other options are incorrect:
飛び出す (とびだす) means 'to jump out' or 'to rush out'.
押し込む (おしこむ) means 'to push into' or 'to cram'.
取り替える (とりかえる) means 'to exchange' or 'to replace'.
問題4 __に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つえらびなさい 。
もう少し時間を<u>あたえよう</u>と思う 。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
与えよう (あたえよう) means 'let's give' or 'let's grant'. あげよう (あげよう) is a common and direct synonym for 'let's give'.
Why other options are incorrect:
もらおう (もらおう) means 'let's receive'.
作ろう (つくろう) means 'let's make'.
使おう (つかおう) means 'let's use'.
ここは車が<u>ずいぶん</u>多いですね。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ずいぶん (zuibun) means 'very', 'extremely', or 'considerably'. 非常に (ひじょうに) is a strong synonym meaning 'very' or 'extremely'.
Why other options are incorrect:
最も (もっとも) means 'most' (superlative).
まあまあ (maamaa) means 'so-so' or 'tolerably'.
やっぱり (yappari) means 'as expected' or 'after all'.
荷物は、<u>指定</u>の場所に置いてください 。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
指定 (してい) means 'designated' or 'specified'. 決められた (きめられた) means 'decided' or 'determined', which is the closest synonym for 'designated'.
Why other options are incorrect:
空いている (あいている) means 'empty' or 'available'.
近くの (ちかくの) means 'nearby'.
ほかの (hoka no) means 'other'.
山田さんの話を聞くまでは<u>不安</u>だった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
不安 (ふあん) means 'anxiety' or 'unease'. 心配 (しんぱい) means 'worry' or 'concern', which is a direct synonym.
Why other options are incorrect:
賛成 (さんせい) means 'agreement' or 'approval'.
大変 (たいへん) means 'difficult' or 'terrible'.
反対 (はんたい) means 'opposition' or 'disagreement'.
<u>スケジュール</u>は川井さんに聞いてください 。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
スケジュール (schedule) means 'schedule' or 'plan'. 予定 (よてい) means 'plan' or 'arrangement', which is the closest synonym.
Why other options are incorrect:
行き方 (いきかた) means 'way of going' or 'directions'.
理由 (りゆう) means 'reason'.
やり方 (やりかた) means 'way of doing'.
問題５ つぎのことばの使い方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
<u>発展</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
発展 (はってん) means 'development' or 'progress'. This sentence correctly uses 発展 to describe the town's development as a tourist destination.
Why other options are incorrect:
発展 is not typically used for 'health improvement'; 向上 (こうじょう: improvement) or 改善 (かいぜん: improvement) would be more appropriate.
発展 is not typically used for 'increase in number of customers'; 増加 (ぞうか: increase) or 伸びる (のびる: to grow/increase) would be more appropriate.
発展 is not typically used for 'grades improving'; 向上 (こうじょう: improvement) or 伸びる (のびる: to grow/improve) would be more appropriate.
<u>だく</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
だく (抱く) means 'to hold' or 'to embrace'. This sentence correctly uses 抱く to describe holding a newborn child.
Why other options are incorrect:
抱く is not used for wrapping an bento with a handkerchief; 包む (つつむ: to wrap) would be appropriate.
抱く is not used for holding a knife firmly; 握る (にぎる: to grasp) would be appropriate.
抱く is not used for tying books with a string; 縛る (しばる: to tie) would be appropriate.
<u>原料</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
原料 (げんりょう) means 'raw material'. This sentence correctly uses 原料 to describe milk as the raw material for cheese and butter.
Why other options are incorrect:
原料 is not used for 'material' or 'inspiration' for a painting; 材料 (ざいりょう: material) or 題材 (だいざい: subject matter) would be more appropriate.
原料 is not used for 'basis' or 'foundation' for a job; 経験 (けいけん: experience) or 基礎 (きそ: foundation) would be more appropriate.
原料 is not used for 'source material' for a drama; 原作 (げんさく: original work) or 原案 (げんあん: original plan) would be more appropriate.
<u>異常</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
異常 (いじょう) means 'unusual', 'abnormal', or 'irregular'. This sentence correctly uses 異常 to describe unusually hot summer weather.
Why other options are incorrect:
異常 is not used for 'conspicuous' or 'striking' colors; 派手な (はでな: flashy) or 目立つ (めだつ: noticeable) would be more appropriate.
異常 is not used for 'incorrect' kanji; 間違った (まちがった: incorrect) or 誤った (あやまった: mistaken) would be more appropriate.
異常 is not used for 'different' sizes; 違う (ちがう: different) or 別の (べつの: another) would be more appropriate.
<u>重なる</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
重なる (かさなる) means 'to overlap' or 'to coincide'. This sentence correctly uses 重なる to describe a child's sports day coinciding with an important meeting.
Why other options are incorrect:
重なる is not used for banks merging; 合併する (がっぺいする: to merge) would be appropriate.
重なる is not used for new members joining a research group; 加わる (くわわる: to join) or 増える (ふえる: to increase) would be appropriate.
重なる is not used for savings accumulating; 貯まる (たまる: to accumulate) or 増える (ふえる: to increase) would be appropriate.