JLPT N3 Letters and Vocabulary Test
問題1 ___のことばの読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
1. すみません、 <u>汚し</u>てしまいました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
汚して (よごして) is the te-form of 汚す (よごす), which means 'to make dirty' or 'to soil'. The sentence means 'I'm sorry, I made it dirty.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the te-form of 壊す (こわす), meaning 'to break' or 'to destroy'.
This is the te-form of 起こす (おこす), meaning 'to wake up' or 'to cause'.
This is the te-form of 残す (のこす), meaning 'to leave behind'.
2. 体育館に<u>選手</u>が入ってきました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
選手 (せんしゅ) means 'athlete' or 'player'. The sentence means 'The athletes entered the gymnasium.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 選手.
This is an incorrect reading for 選手. It could be 専修 (senshuu) meaning 'specialty' or 先週 (senshuu) meaning 'last week'.
This is an incorrect reading for 選手.
3. 次は<u>月末</u>に来てください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
月末 (げつまつ) means 'end of the month'. The sentence means 'Please come at the end of next month.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 月末.
This is an incorrect reading for 月末.
This is an incorrect reading for 月末.
4. 箱の<u>裏</u>をよく見てください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
裏 (うら) means 'back side' or 'reverse side'. The sentence means 'Please look carefully at the back of the box.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 奥 (oku), meaning 'interior' or 'back (of a room)'.
This is the reading for 蓋 (futa), meaning 'lid'.
This is the reading for 横 (yoko), meaning 'side'.
5. この町の<u>産業</u>について話を聞いた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
産業 (さんぎょう) means 'industry'. The sentence means 'I heard about the industry of this town.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 産業.
This is the reading for 残業 (zangyou), meaning 'overtime work'.
This is the reading for 商業 (shougyou), meaning 'commerce' or 'trade'.
6. あしたの<u>朝刊</u>は休みです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
朝刊 (ちょうかん) means 'morning newspaper'. The sentence means 'Tomorrow's morning newspaper is off (not published).' This is the correct reading.
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 朝刊.
This is the reading for 中間 (chuukan) meaning 'middle' or 'interim', or 週間 (shuukan) meaning 'week'.
This is an incorrect reading for 朝刊.
7. その話を聞いて、 中村さんは<u>断った</u>そうです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
断った (ことわった) is the past tense of 断る (ことわる), meaning 'to refuse' or 'to decline'. The sentence means 'I heard that Mr. Nakamura refused after hearing that story.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the past tense of 怖がる (kowagaru), meaning 'to be afraid'.
This is the past tense of 謝る (ayamaru), meaning 'to apologize'.
This is the past tense of 疑う (utagau), meaning 'to doubt' or 'to suspect'.
8. あしたは、2時に<u>広場</u>に集まってください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
広場 (ひろば) means 'public square' or 'plaza'. The sentence means 'Please gather at the plaza at 2 o'clock tomorrow.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 広場.
This is the reading for 工場 (kouba), meaning 'factory' (often smaller, workshop-like).
This is the reading for 工場 (koujou), meaning 'factory' (larger scale), or 向上 (koujou) meaning 'improvement'.
問題 2 ____のことばを漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
9. 次の駅で<u>おりましょう</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
降りましょう (おりましょう) is the volitional form of 降りる (おりる), meaning 'to get off' (a train, bus, etc.). 降りる is the correct kanji for this meaning. The sentence means 'Let's get off at the next station.'
Why other options are incorrect:
停まる (tomaru) means 'to stop', but this kanji is not used for 'getting off' a vehicle.
乗る (noru) means 'to ride' or 'to get on', which is the opposite of 'おりる'.
移る (utsuru) means 'to move' or 'to transfer', which is not the primary meaning here.
10. いつも7時には<u>きたく</u>している。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
帰宅 (きたく) means 'returning home'. The sentence means 'I always return home by 7 o'clock.'
Why other options are incorrect:
着 (chaku) means 'to arrive', but 着宅 is not a standard word for returning home.
帰室 (kishitsu) means 'returning to a room', which is not as specific as returning home.
着室 is not a standard word.
11. 野菜を<u>こまかく</u>切ってください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
細かく (こまかく) means 'finely' or 'in small pieces'. The kanji 細 (hosoi/komakai) means 'thin' or 'fine'. The sentence means 'Please cut the vegetables finely.'
Why other options are incorrect:
角 (kaku) means 'corner' or 'angle'.
平 (hira) means 'flat'. This is not the correct kanji for 'finely'.
丸 (maru) means 'round'. This is not the correct kanji for 'finely'.
12. <u>ほうりつ</u>を守ってください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
法律 (ほうりつ) means 'law'. The sentence means 'Please obey the law.'
Why other options are incorrect:
法則 (housoku) means 'rule' or 'law (of nature/science)'.
規則 (kisoku) means 'rule' or 'regulation' (e.g., school rules).
規律 (kiritsu) means 'discipline' or 'order'.
13. 袋の中は<u>から</u>でした。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
空 (から) means 'empty'. The sentence means 'The inside of the bag was empty.'
Why other options are incorrect:
無 (mu) means 'nothing' or 'non-existence'.
欠 (ketsu) means 'lack' or 'absence'.
穴 (ana) means 'hole'.
14. 今日の<u>かいひ</u>は3,000円です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
会費 (かいひ) means 'membership fee' or 'meeting fee'. The sentence means 'Today's meeting fee is 3,000 yen.'
Why other options are incorrect:
賃 (chin) means 'fare' or 'rent', which is not typically combined with 会 for a fee.
回 (kai) means 'time' or 'turn', which is not appropriate in this context.
回賃 is not a standard word.
問題3 ( )に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
15. クイズの答えが分からないので、何か( )が欲しい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ヒント (hinto) means 'hint'. The sentence means 'I don't know the answer to the quiz, so I want some hint.' This fits the context of needing help with a quiz.
Why other options are incorrect:
マナー (manaa) means 'manners' or 'etiquette'.
アドレス (adoresu) means 'address' (physical or email).
チェック (chekku) means 'check' or 'inspection'.
16. 100年後の世界がどうなっているか、( )してみてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
想像 (そうぞう) means 'imagination' or 'to imagine'. The sentence means 'Please try to imagine what the world will be like in 100 years.' This is the most suitable verb for thinking about the future.
Why other options are incorrect:
承知 (shouchi) means 'acknowledgment' or 'consent'.
納得 (nattoku) means 'understanding' or 'acceptance'.
希望 (kibou) means 'hope' or 'wish'.
17. 今朝学校に行くとき、母がベランダから手を( )見送ってくれた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
振って (ふって) is the te-form of 振る (furu), meaning 'to wave' (e.g., hands). The sentence means 'This morning, when I went to school, my mother waved her hand from the veranda to see me off.'
Why other options are incorrect:
指して (sashite) is the te-form of 指す (sasu), meaning 'to point'.
扱って (atsukatte) is the te-form of 扱う (atsukau), meaning 'to handle' or 'to treat'.
押して (oshite) is the te-form of 押す (osu), meaning 'to push'.
18. 田中さんの部屋は、本や服が( )整理されていて、きれいですね。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
きちんと (kichinto) means 'properly', 'neatly', 'accurately'. It describes something done in an orderly and thorough manner. The sentence means 'Mr. Tanaka's room is neatly organized with books and clothes, it's clean, isn't it?'
Why other options are incorrect:
はっきり (hakkiri) means 'clearly' or 'distinctly'.
なるべく (narubeku) means 'as much as possible'.
そっと (sotto) means 'gently' or 'softly'.
19. 寒さで、 手の指の( )がなくなってしまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
感覚 (かんかく) means 'sense' or 'sensation'. The sentence means 'Due to the cold, I lost sensation in my fingers.'
Why other options are incorrect:
感動 (kandou) means 'deep emotion' or 'impression'.
感激 (kangeki) means 'deep emotion' or 'excitement'.
感心 (kanshin) means 'admiration' or 'being impressed'.
20. 虫歯を防ぐためには、 食後に歯を磨くことが最も( )だと思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
効果的 (こうかてき) means 'effective'. The sentence means 'I think brushing teeth after meals is the most effective way to prevent cavities.'
Why other options are incorrect:
自動的 (jidouteki) means 'automatic'.
人工的 (jinkouteki) means 'artificial' or 'man-made'.
消極的 (shoukyokuteki) means 'negative' or 'passive'.
21. 林さんと森さんは、( )顔は知っているが、話したことはないそうだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
おたがいに (otagaini) means 'mutually' or 'each other'. The sentence means 'I heard that Mr. Hayashi and Mr. Mori know each other's faces, but have never spoken.'
Why other options are incorrect:
たまに (tamani) means 'occasionally' or 'rarely'.
ついでに (tsuide ni) means 'while you're at it' or 'at the same time'.
おもに (omoni) means 'mainly' or 'primarily'.
22. 前の人の発表が終わったので、次は私が発表する( )だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
番 (ばん) means 'turn' (as in one's turn to do something). The sentence means 'The previous person's presentation has finished, so it's my turn to present next.'
Why other options are incorrect:
線 (sen) means 'line'.
運 (un) means 'luck' or 'fate'.
段 (dan) means 'step', 'grade', or 'level'.
23. この飛行機に載せることができる荷物は、 一人20キロ以内に( )されている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
制限 (せいげん) means 'restriction' or 'limitation'. The sentence means 'The luggage that can be loaded onto this airplane is limited to within 20 kilograms per person.'
Why other options are incorrect:
禁止 (kinshi) means 'prohibition' or 'ban'.
検査 (kensa) means 'inspection' or 'examination'.
解決 (kaiketsu) means 'solution' or 'settlement'.
24. 砂糖か塩か分からなかったので、舌で( )みた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
なめて (namete) is the te-form of 舐める (nameru), meaning 'to lick' or 'to taste (with the tongue)'. The sentence means 'I didn't know if it was sugar or salt, so I tasted it with my tongue.'
Why other options are incorrect:
かじって (kajitte) is the te-form of 齧る (kajiru), meaning 'to bite' or 'to nibble'.
かんで (kande) is the te-form of 噛む (kamu), meaning 'to chew' or 'to bite'.
まぜて (mazete) is the te-form of 混ぜる (mazeru), meaning 'to mix'.
25. 少し熱があって、体も( )ので、今日は仕事を休もうと思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
だるい (darui) means 'sluggish', 'languid', or 'tired'. It describes a feeling of general bodily fatigue. The sentence means 'I have a slight fever and my body feels sluggish, so I think I'll take the day off work today.'
Why other options are incorrect:
まぶしい (mabushii) means 'dazzling' or 'glaring'.
ぬるい (nurui) means 'lukewarm'.
にがい (nigai) means 'bitter'.
問題4 __に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つえらびなさい 。
26. 皆さん、 <u>避難</u>してください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
避難 (ひなん) means 'evacuation' or 'taking refuge'. 逃げて (にげて) is the te-form of 逃げる (にげる), meaning 'to escape' or 'to run away', which is the closest meaning in this context. The sentence means 'Everyone, please evacuate.'
Why other options are incorrect:
ならんで (narande) is the te-form of 並ぶ (narabu), meaning 'to line up'.
入って (haitte) is the te-form of 入る (hairu), meaning 'to enter'.
急いで (isoide) is the te-form of 急ぐ (isogu), meaning 'to hurry'.
27. 何かいい<u>案</u>はありませんか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
案 (あん) means 'plan', 'idea', or 'proposal'. アイデア (aidea) means 'idea', which is the closest synonym. The sentence means 'Do you have any good ideas?'
Why other options are incorrect:
ルール (ruuru) means 'rule'.
メニュー (menyuu) means 'menu'.
サービス (saabisu) means 'service'.
28. 私が何を言っても、 彼はずっと<u>だまって</u>いた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
だまって (damatte) is the te-form of 黙る (damaru), meaning 'to be silent' or 'to shut up'. 話さなかった (hanasanakatta) means 'did not speak', which is the closest meaning. The sentence means 'No matter what I said, he remained silent.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is likely a typo for 怒る (okoru) meaning 'to get angry', which is not the same as being silent.
笑わなかった (warawanakatta) means 'did not laugh'.
怒らなかった (okoranakatta) means 'did not get angry'.
29. このやり方が<u>ベストだ</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ベストだ (besuto da) means 'it's the best'. 最もよい (mottomo yoi) means 'the best' or 'most good', which is a direct synonym. The sentence means 'This method is the best.'
Why other options are incorrect:
最もよくない (mottomo yokunai) means 'the worst' or 'most not good'.
最も難しい (mottomo muzukashii) means 'the most difficult'.
最も難しくない (mottomo muzukashikunai) means 'the least difficult'.
30. お店の人が<u>配達</u>してくれた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
配達 (はいたつ) means 'delivery'. 届けて (todokete) is the te-form of 届ける (todokeru), meaning 'to deliver' or 'to send'. The sentence means 'The shop staff delivered it for me.'
Why other options are incorrect:
組み立てて (kumitatete) is the te-form of 組み立てる (kumitateru), meaning 'to assemble'.
手伝って (tetsudatte) is the te-form of 手伝う (tetsudau), meaning 'to help'.
貸して (kashite) is the te-form of 貸す (kasu), meaning 'to lend'.
問題5 つぎのことばの使い方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
31. <u>診察</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
診察 (しんさつ) means 'medical examination' or 'consultation (with a doctor)'. Option 4 correctly uses 診察 in the context of a doctor examining patients. The sentence means 'My mother is a doctor and examines many patients every day.'
Why other options are incorrect:
診察 is for medical examination. 調査 (chousa) 'investigation' or 捜査 (sousa) 'search/investigation' would be appropriate for police examining a crime scene.
診察 is for medical examination. 観察 (kansatsu) 'observation' would be appropriate for observing the movement of stars.
診察 is for medical examination. 相談に乗る (soudan ni noru) 'to give advice' or 話を聞く (hanashi o kiku) 'to listen' would be appropriate for a teacher consulting with a student.
32. <u>行き先</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
行き先 (いきさき) means 'destination' or 'where one is going'. Option 3 correctly uses 行き先 to refer to a travel destination. The sentence means 'We plan to discuss the destination for our next trip with the family tonight.'
Why other options are incorrect:
行き先 is for physical destination. 目標 (mokuhyou) 'goal' or 目的 (mokuteki) 'purpose' would be appropriate for a career goal.
行き先 is for physical destination. 結果 (kekka) 'result' or 展開 (tenkai) 'development' would be appropriate for the outcome of an experiment.
行き先 is for physical destination. 結末 (ketsumatsu) 'ending' or 展開 (tenkai) 'plot development' would be appropriate for the plot of a movie.
33. <u>取り消す</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
取り消す (とりけす) means 'to cancel' or 'to revoke'. Option 4 correctly uses 取り消す in the context of canceling a reservation. The sentence means 'Since it became inconvenient, I canceled the restaurant reservation.'
Why other options are incorrect:
取り消す is for canceling. 取り除く (torinozoku) 'to remove' or 拾う (hirou) 'to pick up' would be appropriate for removing trash.
取り消す is for canceling. 流す (nagasu) 'to wash away' or 拭く (fuku) 'to wipe' would be appropriate for washing away sweat.
取り消す is for canceling. 捨てる (suteru) 'to throw away' would be appropriate for disposing of moldy bread.
34. <u>共通</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
共通 (きょうつう) means 'common' or 'shared'. Option 2 correctly uses 共通 to describe a shared hobby. The sentence means 'My daughter and son have a common hobby and get along very well.'
Why other options are incorrect:
共通 is for shared characteristics. 同じ (onaji) 'same' or 普段通り (futsudou-dori) 'as usual' would be appropriate for sleeping at the usual time.
共通 is for shared characteristics. 似ている (niteiru) 'similar' or 同じ (onaji) 'same' would be appropriate for having similar faces.
共通 is for shared characteristics. 同じ (onaji) 'same' or 同様 (douyou) 'similar' would be appropriate for the same temperature.
35. <u>詰める</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
詰める (つめる) means 'to pack', 'to stuff', or 'to fill (a space)'. Option 1 correctly uses 詰める in the context of packing things into a suitcase. The sentence means 'I will pack the things I'm taking on the trip into my suitcase.'
Why other options are incorrect:
詰める is for packing/filling. 加える (kuwaeru) 'to add' or 入れる (ireru) 'to put in' would be appropriate for adding seasoning.
詰める is for packing/filling. 注ぐ (sosogu) 'to pour' or 入れる (ireru) 'to put in' would be appropriate for pouring water into a cup.
詰める is for packing/filling. 入れる (ireru) 'to let in' or 取り入れる (toriireru) 'to take in' would be appropriate for letting fresh air into a room.