JLPT N3 Grammar, Reading Comprehension test

「が」 (ga) is a subject particle and does not fit the grammatical pattern 「～を中心に」.

「で」 (de) indicates a location or means, but the specific phrase 「～を中心に」 requires 「を」 to denote the focus or center.

「の」 (no) is a possessive particle or connects nouns, and it is not used with 「中心に」 in this context.

「～ことから」 (koto kara) means "from the fact that ~" or "because of ~". It indicates a reason or basis, which doesn't fit the sense of a parallel change.

「～としたら」 (to shitara) means "if it were the case that ~" or "supposing that ~". It indicates a hypothetical condition, which is not applicable here.

「～のに比べて」 (no ni kurabete) means "compared to ~". It is used for comparison, not for indicating a proportional change over time.

「～だけで」 (dake de) means "only with ~" but does not require a negative verb. While it conveys a similar meaning, 「としか～ない」 is the more natural and common expression for this nuance of limitation.

「～だけが」 (dake ga) means "only ~ (subject)". It emphasizes the subject as the sole entity, which doesn't fit the context of going *with* someone.

「～となら」 (to nara) means "if it's with ~" or "if it's about ~". It indicates a condition or topic, which is not suitable here.

「別に」 (betsuni) means "not particularly" (often used with a negative verb) or "separately". It doesn't convey a desire or preference in this context.

「せっかく」 (sekkaku) means "with much trouble" or "at great pains", often implying a missed opportunity or a special effort. It doesn't fit the context of expressing a simple preference.

「確かに」 (tashikani) means "certainly" or "surely". It expresses agreement or confirmation, which is not what the customer is doing here.

「降る」 is the dictionary form of the verb and cannot directly precede 「だす」.

「降って」 is the te-form of the verb and is not used with 「だす」 to indicate the start of an action.

「降った」 is the ta-form (past tense) of the verb and is not used with 「だす」.

「呼ぶと」 (yobu to) means "when (someone) calls". This implies the patient is doing the calling or someone else is calling, but the context is waiting to be called.

「呼ぶまで」 (yobu made) means "until (someone) calls". This implies the patient is doing the calling or someone else is calling, but the context is waiting to be called (passive voice).

「呼ばれると」 (yobareru to) means "when (your name) is called". While grammatically correct, 「～まで」 is more natural for expressing the duration of waiting *until* an event occurs.

「～間に」 (aida ni) means "while ~" or "during ~". It indicates a period of time during which something happens, not a cause.

「～点で」 (ten de) means "in terms of ~" or "at the point of ~". It is used for specifying a particular aspect or point, not for indicating a cause.

「～たびに」 (tabi ni) means "every time ~" or "whenever ~". It indicates a repeated action or event, which doesn't fit the context of a single cause for being late.

「～てはいけない」 (te wa ikenai) means "must not do ~" or "should not do ~". This creates the opposite meaning of what is intended.

「～ことにする」 (koto ni suru) means "to decide to do ~" or "to make it a rule to do ~". Adding 「～てはいけない」 makes it "must not decide to read", which is illogical.

「読むことにしなければならない」 means "must decide to read". While grammatically possible, the nuance of having to read *in advance* is better captured by 「～ておく」.

「眠りたかった」 (nemuritakatta) means "wanted to sleep". This doesn't fit the negative expression 「少しも～」.

「眠ろうとした」 (nemurou to shita) means "tried to sleep". This doesn't fit the negative expression 「少しも～」.

「眠らなくなった」 (nemuranakunatta) means "stopped sleeping" or "no longer sleep". While negative, it implies a change in habit, not an inability to sleep on a specific occasion.

「開くと思う」 (hiraku to omou) means "I think I will open". This expresses an opinion or prediction, not a dream or goal.

「開きたいと思う」 (hirakitai to omou) means "I think I want to open". This expresses a desire and an opinion, which is less direct for stating a dream.

「開きたいことだ」 (hirakitai koto da) means "the thing I want to open". While grammatically possible, 「開くことだ」 is a more natural and common way to state a dream or objective.

「やまないはずがない」 (yamanai hazu ga nai) is a double negative meaning "it's impossible that it won't stop", which implies it *must* stop. This contradicts the context.

「やむに違いない」 (yamu ni chigainai) means "it must stop". This expresses certainty that the rain will stop, which contradicts the decision to cancel plans.

「やんでもしかたない」 (yande mo shikatanai) means "it can't be helped even if it stops". This is grammatically awkward and doesn't fit the meaning of the conversation.

「できてほしい」 (dekite hoshii) means "I want it to open". This expresses a desire, not information heard from someone else.

「できることがある」 (dekiru koto ga aru) means "there are times when it opens" or "it can open". This doesn't fit the context of a new cafe opening soon.

「できたほうがいい」 (dekita hou ga ii) means "it would be better if it opened". This expresses advice or a suggestion, which is not what speaker A is doing.

「～てあげますか」 (te agemasu ka) means "Will you do ~ for me?" but implies the speaker is doing a favor for the listener, which is inappropriate when asking a service provider.

「なってあげますか」 (natte agemasu ka) is grammatically incorrect in this context. 「なる」 (naru) means "to become", and it's not used with 「～てあげる」 for requesting an action on oneself.

「なってもらえますか」 (natte moraemasu ka) means "Could you have it become ~ for me?". While grammatically possible, 「してもらえる」 is the more direct and natural way to request an action like cutting hair shorter.

Placing 「が」 (ga) at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect or change its intended meaning. It functions as a subject marker for 「目の疲れ」.

Placing 「見すぎ」 (misugi: too much looking) at the star position would break the grammatical flow. It should precede 「による」.

Placing 「目の疲れ」 (me no tsukare: eye strain) at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect. It should follow 「による」.

Placing 「練習しても」 (renshū shitemo: even if I practice) at the star position would break the grammatical flow. It should precede 「なかなか」.

Placing 「なかなか」 (nakanaka: not easily) at the star position would break the grammatical flow. It should precede 「上手に弾けない」.

Placing 「曲があって」 (kyoku ga atte: there were songs) at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect. It should follow 「上手に弾けない」.

Placing 「どうして」 (dōshite: why) at the star position would break the grammatical flow. It should precede 「失敗をしてしまった」.

Placing 「のか」 (no ka) at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect. It should follow 「失敗をしてしまった」.

Placing 「のは」 (no wa) at the star position would break the grammatical flow. It should precede 「どうして」.

Placing 「いいんじゃない」 (ii n'janai) at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect. It should be at the end of the suggestion.

Placing 「から」 (kara: because) at the star position would break the grammatical flow. It should precede 「タオル」.

Placing 「タオル」 (taoru: towel) at the star position would break the grammatical flow. It should precede 「とか」.

Placing 「専門家で」 (senmonka de: as an expert) at the star position would break the grammatical flow. It should precede 「いらっしゃる」.

Placing 「都会で」 (tokai de: in the city) at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect. It should follow 「山下花子先生に」.

Placing 「いらっしゃる」 (irassharu: honorific for 'to be'/'to come') at the star position would break the grammatical flow. It should precede 「山下花子先生に」.

「だから」 (dakara) means "therefore" or "so". It indicates a reason or consequence, which does not fit the contrasting relationship between the two sentences.

「すると」 (suruto) means "then" or "thereupon". It indicates a sequence of events, not a contrast.

「そのうえ」 (sono ue) means "in addition" or "furthermore". It is used to add more information, not to introduce a contrasting point.

「書いておいた」 (kaite oita) means "had written (in advance)". This implies the speaker or the manager wrote it for themselves, not that messages were written *on* the card by others.

「書きたかった」 (kakitakatta) means "wanted to write". This expresses a desire, which is not relevant to what was actually on the card.

「書いてほしかった」 (kaite hoshikatta) means "wanted someone to write". This expresses a desire for an action to be done by someone else, but the sentence is describing what *was* written, not a desire.

「そこ」 (soko) means "there". While grammatically possible, it is too general and less specific than "大学" in this context.

「その大学」 (sono daigaku) means "that university". While technically correct, simply "大学" is more natural when the specific university has already been established as the context.

「そういうところ」 (sou iu tokoro) means "such a place". This is too vague and doesn't specify the destination as clearly as "大学".

「頑張っているのです」 (ganbatte iru no desu) means "I am working hard". This is a statement of fact, but it doesn't explain *why* she can continue to work hard despite difficulties.

「頑張っているみたいです」 (ganbatte iru mitai desu) means "It seems I am working hard". This expresses appearance or conjecture, which doesn't fit the author's determined feeling.

「頑張ることができそうです」 (ganbaru koto ga deki sou desu) means "It looks like I can work hard". While it expresses possibility, the addition of 「からです」 (kara desu: because) in the correct option provides a stronger, more complete reason for her ability to persevere, linking back to the energy she gets from the card.

The flyer states that the hotel bus is available to everyone (「ホテルのバスのご利用が可能です」), not just those wearing yukata.

The flyer states that those wearing yukata get a free drink at 「会場内のどの店でも」 (any shop inside the venue), not specifically at the hotel's restaurant.

The 2,000 yen is the rental fee for the yukata and obi. Help with dressing is included in this service if needed, not an additional charge.

The dream mentioned in the essay was to become a teacher, not to study abroad in America.

The passage does not state that the author had always wanted to study abroad in America since childhood.

The passage explicitly states that the author had "completely forgotten" about the dream of becoming a teacher, contradicting the idea of having "always wanted" to be one.

Students going by themselves do not need to gather at the stadium.

This option is for students who wish to go with Teacher Nakagawa, not for those going by themselves.

This option is for students who wish to go with Teacher Nakagawa, and the meeting time and location are incorrect for those going alone.

The fish removed dirt from itself, it did not put dirt on itself.

The passage does not mention the fish immediately wanting to go to the mirror; it describes the action of cleaning itself and then checking in the mirror.

The fish cleaned the dirt on its own face, not the mirror itself.

The author's friend crashed their car, not the author. The author was confident in their own driving.

The passage states the author "had confidence in their driving" (運転に自信があった), contradicting this option.

The passage does not mention the author's wife advising them to stop driving.

The passage states that daily shopping remained unchanged (「これまでと変わらず」), implying they always went together.

The distance to the supermarket did not change; it was still the one at the bottom of the hill.

The author initially thought walking would be good exercise, but the problem was the difficulty of carrying heavy items up the hill, not a lack of exercise.

The delivery service solves the problem of carrying goods, eliminating the need to move for that reason.

The author explicitly states that "convenience is more important" (便利さのほうが重要だ) than the delivery fee.

The author states 「どれもとても良かった」 (all of them were very good), indicating complete satisfaction, not dissatisfaction with some items.

The passage does not mention a lack of nearby venues as a reason.

While parents are busy, the specific reasons given are the difficulties related to taking children or finding childcare, not just a general lack of time due to childcare.

The cost of children's tickets is not mentioned as a reason for parents to give up going out.

Special seats for talking are not mentioned in the passage as an effort made by cinemas.

The passage states that the sound is made 「大きすぎないように」 (not too loud), not louder.

The passage focuses on adjusting the environment (light, sound), not on the selection of movies.

The passage describes an *increase* in opportunities and efforts, not a decrease.

The passage focuses on parents *with* children and how they can enjoy activities, not on parents going alone.

While children are part of the discussion, the focus is on the parents' ability to enjoy activities *with* or *despite* their children, not solely on children's enjoyment.

The company received thank-you letters *after* making and selling the shoes, not as the initial reason for making them.

The passage mentions the company initially made slippers, but not that elderly people stopped wearing them or that this was the reason for making new shoes.

The company decided to make the shoes *first* based on the consultation, and *then* conducted the research to identify specific problems and improve the shoes.

This was the initial problem that led to making the shoes, not a new finding from the *second* survey after the shoes were first released.

The passage does not mention price as a finding from the survey.

The passage does not mention the frequency of wearing shoes as a finding from the survey.

Spending money on surveys was part of the development process, not the specific "そんなこと" that was opposed as a sales method.

The company started selling shoes that were *not* necessarily the same size for left and right, or even just one shoe, which is the opposite of selling only same-sized pairs.

The company had already decided to make shoes for the elderly; the opposition was to the *method of selling* them (one shoe at a time), not to the product itself.

The company *did* change its sales method when the shoes weren't selling well, showing they didn't just blindly continue selling.

While they did something unconventional and faced opposition, the core motivation was solving a problem, not just doing something different for its own sake.

The passage emphasizes the president's direct observation and listening to customer feedback, not solely relying on employees' understanding. It also doesn't limit the creation to 'only' well-informed employees.

① and ② are closed during university holidays.

Both ① and ② are closed during university holidays.

While both ③ and ④ are open, ④ (花丸食堂) is not available for students.

The document states 「※①～③は学生が申し込めます」 (Students can apply for ①-③), so a student can apply for ②.

Under "►人数" (Number of people), it states 「②は４０人」 (② is 40 people) for the minimum number of guests, not 20.

Under "►時間" (Time), it states 「●①～③は 20 時まで」 (①-③ must end by 8 PM), not 9 PM (21時). 21時 is for ④.