JLPT Test N3
問題１ ___のことばの読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
每日<u>復習</u>したので、よくできるようになつた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
復習 (ふくしゅう) means 'review' or 'revision'. The sentence means 'I reviewed every day, so I became good at it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 復習.
This is the reading for 練習 (れんしゅう), meaning 'practice', which is a different word.
This is an incorrect reading for 復習.
<u>小型</u>のラジオが欲しいです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
小型 (こがた) means 'small-sized' or 'compact'. The sentence means 'I want a small-sized radio.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 小型.
This is an incorrect reading for 小型. The 'しょう' sound is usually written as しょう, not しよう.
This is an incorrect reading for 小型.
理由もないのに、人を<u>疑って</u>はいけない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
疑って (うたがって) is the -te form of 疑う (うたがう), meaning 'to doubt' or 'to suspect'. The sentence means 'You shouldn't suspect people without reason.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the -te form of 嫌う (きらう), meaning 'to dislike' or 'to hate'.
This is the -te form of 怖がる (こわがる), meaning 'to be afraid of'.
This is the -te form of 叱る (しかる), meaning 'to scold' or 'to reprimand'.
ここから先は道が<u>細く</u>なっている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
細く (ほそく) is the adverbial form of 細い (ほそい), meaning 'thin' or 'narrow'. The sentence means 'From here on, the road becomes narrow.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the adverbial form of 広い (ひろい), meaning 'wide' or 'spacious'.
This is the adverbial form of 太い (ふとい), meaning 'thick' or 'fat'.
This is the adverbial form of 狭い (せまい), meaning 'narrow' or 'cramped', but the kanji is different.
川井さんは明日、<u>退院</u>するそうです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
退院 (たいいん) means 'discharge from hospital'. The sentence means 'I heard that Mr. Kawai will be discharged from the hospital tomorrow.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 退院.
This is an incorrect reading for 退院.
This is an incorrect reading for 退院.
パーテイーには<u>夫婦</u>で参加します。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
夫婦 (ふうふ) means 'married couple' or 'husband and wife'. The sentence means 'We will participate in the party as a couple.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 夫婦.
This is an incorrect reading for 夫婦.
This is an incorrect reading for 夫婦.
<u>留守</u>の間に誰か来たようだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
留守 (るす) means 'absence from home' or 'being out'. The sentence means 'It seems someone came while I was out.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 留守.
This is an incorrect reading for 留守.
This is an incorrect reading for 留守.
これは、とても<u>高価</u>な花瓶だそうです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
高価 (こうか) means 'expensive' or 'high-priced'. The sentence means 'I heard this is a very expensive vase.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 豪華 (ごうか), meaning 'luxurious' or 'gorgeous', which is a different word.
This is an incorrect reading for 高価.
This is an incorrect reading for 高価.
問題 2 ____のことばを漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
彼は<u>たんき</u>だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
短気 (たんき) means 'short-tempered' or 'impatient'. The sentence means 'He is short-tempered.'
Why other options are incorrect:
男気 (おとこぎ) means 'chivalry' or 'manliness', which has a different meaning and reading.
単気 is not a standard Japanese word.
断気 is not a standard Japanese word.
上田さんは少し<u>しんぱい</u>しているようだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
心配 (しんぱい) means 'worry' or 'concern'. The sentence means 'Mr. Ueda seems a little worried.'
Why other options are incorrect:
心酔 (しんすい) means 'infatuation' or 'adoration', which has a different meaning and reading.
信配 is not a standard Japanese word.
信酔 is not a standard Japanese word.
次はこれを<u>やいて</u>ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
焼いて (やいて) is the -te form of 焼く (やく), meaning 'to bake', 'to grill', or 'to roast'. The sentence means 'Next, please bake/grill this.'
Why other options are incorrect:
燃いて is the -te form of 燃える (もえる), meaning 'to burn', which is usually intransitive. If transitive, it's 燃やす (もやす).
煙いて is not a standard Japanese word. 煙る (けむる) means 'to smoke' (intransitive).
炊いて (たいて) is the -te form of 炊く (たく), meaning 'to cook (rice)' or 'to boil'.
明日、<u>かならず</u>来てください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
必ず (かならず) means 'surely' or 'without fail'. The sentence means 'Please come tomorrow without fail.'
Why other options are incorrect:
確ず is not a standard Japanese word. 確か (たしか) means 'certain' or 'sure'.
要ず is not a standard Japanese word. 要る (いる) means 'to need'.
直ず is not a standard Japanese word. 直す (なおす) means 'to fix' or 'to correct'.
私の学校は<u>せいふく</u>がありません。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
制服 (せいふく) means 'uniform'. The sentence means 'My school does not have a uniform.'
Why other options are incorrect:
淸衣 is not a standard Japanese word. 淸 is an old form of 清 (きよい/せい), meaning 'clean'.
制衣 is not a standard Japanese word.
清服 is not a standard Japanese word.
探していた<u>やっきよく</u>が、やつと見つかりました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
薬局 (やっきょく) means 'pharmacy' or 'drugstore'. The sentence means 'I finally found the pharmacy I was looking for.'
Why other options are incorrect:
薬曲 is not a standard Japanese word.
楽局 is not a standard Japanese word. 楽 (らく) means 'easy' or 'comfortable'.
楽曲 (がっきょく) means 'musical piece' or 'tune', which has a different meaning and reading.
問題３（ ）に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
雨が降ってきましたが、私の家は近いので、傘がなくても（ ）です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
平気 (へいき) means 'calm', 'unconcerned', or 'all right'. In this context, it means 'it's fine' or 'I'm alright' even without an umbrella because the house is close. The sentence means 'It started raining, but my house is close, so I'm fine even without an umbrella.'
Why other options are incorrect:
安全 (あんぜん) means 'safety' or 'security'. While being close to home might be safe, 'safety' doesn't fit the nuance of being unconcerned about getting wet.
正常 (せいじょう) means 'normal' or 'regular'. This word doesn't fit the context of being okay without an umbrella.
十分 (じゅうぶん) means 'enough' or 'sufficient'. This word doesn't fit the context of being okay without an umbrella.
仕事で疲れているときは、夕飯を作るのが（ ）ので、外食することが多い。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
めんどうくさい (mendōkusai) means 'troublesome', 'bothersome', or 'a hassle'. It perfectly describes the feeling of not wanting to cook when tired. The sentence means 'When I'm tired from work, making dinner is a hassle, so I often eat out.'
Why other options are incorrect:
だらしない (darashinai) means 'sloppy', 'untidy', or 'lazy' (in terms of appearance/behavior). It doesn't describe the act of cooking itself.
くわしい (kuwashii) means 'detailed' or 'well-informed'. This word is completely unrelated to the context.
にくらしい (nikurashii) means 'hateful' or 'detestable'. This expresses a strong negative emotion towards something, which is too strong and inappropriate for the context of cooking dinner.
ゆうべはほとんど寝ていないので、今日は眠くて何度も（ ）が出てしまう。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
あくび (akubi) means 'yawn'. When you haven't slept much, you feel sleepy and yawn repeatedly. The sentence means 'I hardly slept last night, so I'm sleepy today and keep yawning.'
Why other options are incorrect:
しゃっくり (shakkuri) means 'hiccup'. Hiccups are not directly related to lack of sleep.
くしゃみ (kushami) means 'sneeze'. Sneezing is typically related to allergies or colds, not lack of sleep.
せき (seki) means 'cough'. Coughing is a symptom of illness, not directly related to lack of sleep.
「私の国の社会問題」という（ ）で、レポートを書くことになった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
テーマ (tēma) means 'theme' or 'topic'. It fits perfectly as the subject for a report. The sentence means 'I decided to write a report on the topic of "Social Problems in My Country."'
Why other options are incorrect:
デザイン (dezain) means 'design'. This refers to the visual or structural plan, not the subject matter.
サイン (sain) means 'sign' or 'signature'. This word is unrelated to the context.
ルール (rūru) means 'rule'. This refers to regulations or guidelines, not the subject of a report.
この季節は、昼と夜の気温の（ ）が大きい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
差 (さ) means 'difference' or 'gap'. It is commonly used to describe the difference in temperature. The sentence means 'In this season, the temperature difference between day and night is large.'
Why other options are incorrect:
台 (だい) is a counter for machines, vehicles, or a stand/base. It does not relate to temperature differences.
段 (だん) means 'step', 'grade', or 'level'. It does not relate to temperature differences.
列 (れつ) means 'line' or 'row'. It does not relate to temperature differences.
（ ）して、鍵をかけないで家を出てしまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
うっかり (ukkari) is an adverb meaning 'carelessly', 'thoughtlessly', or 'by mistake'. It describes forgetting to lock the door due to carelessness. The sentence means 'I carelessly left the house without locking the door.'
Why other options are incorrect:
はっきり (hakkiri) means 'clearly', 'distinctly', or 'plainly'. This is the opposite of forgetting something.
しっかり (shikkari) means 'firmly', 'steadily', or 'properly'. This implies doing something thoroughly, which is the opposite of forgetting.
びったり (pittari) means 'perfectly', 'exactly', or 'snugly'. This word is unrelated to forgetting.
まだ空席が少しあるので、今なら予約は（ ）です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
可能 (かのう) means 'possible' or 'feasible'. If there are still some empty seats, then making a reservation is possible. The sentence means 'There are still some empty seats, so a reservation is possible now.'
Why other options are incorrect:
完全 (かんぜん) means 'perfect' or 'complete'. While a reservation might be complete, 'complete' doesn't fit the context of whether it can be done.
無駄 (むだ) means 'waste' or 'futile'. This implies it's pointless, which is incorrect if seats are available.
平等 (びょうどう) means 'equality' or 'fairness'. This word is unrelated to the context of making a reservation.
私のパソコンは古いので、（ ）が遅いです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
動作 (どうさ) means 'operation', 'movement', or 'action' (especially of a machine or system). It is the most appropriate word to describe the speed of a computer. The sentence means 'My computer is old, so its operation is slow.'
Why other options are incorrect:
行動 (こうどう) means 'action' or 'behavior' (typically of people or animals).
活動 (かつどう) means 'activity' or 'action' (often referring to a broader range of activities, like club activities or political activities).
運動 (うんどう) means 'exercise', 'physical activity', or 'movement' (like a social movement).
来週の説明会は、今日の12時が申し込みの（ ）だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
期限 (きげん) means 'deadline' or 'time limit'. It refers to a specific point in time by which something must be completed. The sentence means 'For next week's information session, today at 12 o'clock is the application deadline.'
Why other options are incorrect:
期間 (きかん) means 'period' or 'term' (a duration of time), not a specific deadline.
日程 (にってい) means 'schedule' or 'itinerary'. It refers to a plan of events, not a deadline.
日常 (にちじょう) means 'daily life' or 'everyday'. This word is unrelated to the context.
外国で生活するのは楽しいが、ときどき国の料理が（ ）なる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
恋しく (こいしく) is the adverbial form of 恋しい (こいしい), meaning 'missed', 'longed for', or 'yearned for'. It expresses a feeling of missing something or someone. The sentence means 'Living abroad is fun, but sometimes I miss my home country's food.'
Why other options are incorrect:
規しく is not a standard Japanese word. 厳しい (きびしい) means 'strict' or 'severe'.
苦しく (くるしく) is the adverbial form of 苦しい (くるしい), meaning 'painful', 'difficult', or 'hard'. This doesn't fit the context of missing food.
貧しく (まずしく) is the adverbial form of 貧しい (まずしい), meaning 'poor' or 'needy'. This word is unrelated to the context.
夫とは、3年間（ ）から結婚しました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
付き合って (つきあって) is the -te form of 付き合う (つきあう), meaning 'to date' or 'to go out with' (in a romantic sense). It fits the context of a relationship before marriage. The sentence means 'I dated my husband for 3 years before we got married.'
Why other options are incorrect:
取り囲んで (とりかこんで) is the -te form of 取り囲む (とりかこむ), meaning 'to surround' or 'to encircle'.
引き受けて (ひきうけて) is the -te form of 引き受ける (ひきうける), meaning 'to undertake' or 'to take on (a task/responsibility)'.
思いついて (おもいついて) is the -te form of 思いつく (おもいつく), meaning 'to come up with (an idea)' or 'to think of'.
問題4 __に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つえらびなさい 。
その部屋にある家具の<u>サイズ</u>を聞いてきてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
サイズ (saizu) is a loanword meaning 'size'. 大きさ (ōkisa) also means 'size' or 'dimensions', making it the closest synonym. The sentence means 'Please go and ask for the size of the furniture in that room.'
Why other options are incorrect:
重さ (omosa) means 'weight'.
数 (kazu) means 'number' or 'quantity'.
形 (katachi) means 'shape' or 'form'.
この部分を<u>暗記して</u>ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
暗記して (ankishite) is the -te form of 暗記する (anki suru), meaning 'to memorize' or 'to learn by heart'. 覚えて (oboete) is the -te form of 覚える (oboeru), which also means 'to memorize' or 'to remember', making it the closest synonym. The sentence means 'Please memorize this part.'
Why other options are incorrect:
読んで (yonde) is the -te form of 読む (yomu), meaning 'to read'.
書いて (kaite) is the -te form of 書く (kaku), meaning 'to write'.
教えて (oshiete) is the -te form of 教える (oshieru), meaning 'to teach' or 'to tell'.
伊藤さんは魚を料理するのが<u>得意な</u>ようだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
得意な (tokui na) means 'good at' or 'strong point'. Therefore, 'とても上手な' (totemo jōzu na), meaning 'very good at', is the closest in meaning. The sentence means 'Mr. Ito seems to be good at cooking fish.'
Why other options are incorrect:
あまり好きじゃない (amari suki janai) means 'doesn't like very much', which is the opposite of 得意な.
あまり上手じゃない (amari jōzu janai) means 'not very good at', which is the opposite of 得意な.
とても好きな (totemo suki na) means 'likes very much'. While someone might like what they are good at, '得意な' specifically refers to skill, not just preference.
誰にでも<u>欠点</u>はあると思う。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
欠点 (ketten) means 'defect', 'flaw', or 'weakness'. 'よくないところ' (yokunai tokoro) means 'bad points' or 'not good aspects', which is the closest synonym. The sentence means 'I think everyone has flaws.'
Why other options are incorrect:
つまらないところ (tsumaranai tokoro) means 'boring points' or 'uninteresting aspects'.
間違えるとこ (machigaeru toko) means 'places where one makes mistakes'. While a flaw might lead to mistakes, it's not a direct synonym for 'flaw'.
忘れること (wasureru koto) means 'things one forgets'.
そんなに<u>どならないで</u>ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
どならないで (doranaide) is the negative -te form of 怒鳴る (donaru), meaning 'to shout' or 'to yell (in anger)'. Therefore, '大声で怒らないで' (ōgoe de okoranaide), meaning 'don't get angry in a loud voice' or 'don't shout angrily', is the closest in meaning. The sentence means 'Please don't shout like that.'
Why other options are incorrect:
強く押さないで (tsuyoku osanaide) means 'don't push strongly'.
たくさん食べないで (takusan tabenaide) means 'don't eat a lot'.
早く歩かないで (hayaku arukanai de) means 'don't walk fast'.
問題５ つぎのことばの使い方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
<u>進歩</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
進歩 (しんぽ) means 'progress' or 'advancement'. Option 2, '技術が進歩して、人々の生活は便利になった。' (Technology advanced, and people's lives became convenient.), correctly uses 進歩 to describe the advancement of technology.
Why other options are incorrect:
進歩 is used for progress or advancement, not for a company growing in size. 成長 (せいちょう: growth) or 発展 (はってん: development) would be more appropriate.
進歩 is not used for appetite improving. 回復 (かいふく: recovery) or 戻る (もどる: return) would be more appropriate for appetite returning/improving.
進歩 is not used for rent increasing. 上がる (あがる: to go up) or 値上がり (ねあがり: price increase) would be more appropriate.
<u>話しかける</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
話しかける (はなしかける) means 'to speak to' or 'to address (someone)'. Option 1, '昨日、駅で観光客に英語で話しかけられた。' (Yesterday, I was spoken to by a tourist in English at the station.), correctly uses the passive form of 話しかける to mean someone initiated a conversation with the speaker.
Why other options are incorrect:
話しかける is about initiating a conversation with someone. For discussing and deciding, 話し合う (はなしあう: to discuss) or 相談する (そうだんする: to consult) would be more appropriate.
話しかける is not used for calling out names. 呼ぶ (よぶ: to call) or 読み上げる (よみあげる: to read out) would be more appropriate.
話しかける is not used for expressing gratitude. 言われる (いわれる: to be told) or 述べられる (のべられる: to be stated) would be more appropriate for receiving thanks.
<u>交流</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
交流 (こうりゅう) means 'exchange' or 'interaction' (especially cultural or social). Option 3, '息子の学校は、海外の人たちと交流する機会が多いようだ。' (My son's school seems to have many opportunities to interact with people from overseas.), correctly uses 交流 to describe social interaction.
Why other options are incorrect:
交流 is not used for colors mixing. 混ざる (まざる: to mix) or 溶け合う (とけあう: to blend) would be more appropriate.
交流 is not used for food ingredients combining. 合う (あう: to match/suit) or 混ぜる (まぜる: to mix) would be more appropriate.
交流 is not used for items being mixed up. 混ざる (まざる: to be mixed) or ごちゃごちゃになっている (gochagocha ni natte iru: to be jumbled) would be more appropriate.
<u>渋滞</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
渋滞 (じゅうたい) primarily means 'traffic jam' or 'congestion'. Option 2, '事故で道が渋滞していたので、遅刻してしまった。' (I was late because the road was congested due to an accident.), correctly uses 渋滞 to describe traffic congestion.
Why other options are incorrect:
渋滞 is not typically used for construction delays. 遅れる (おくれる: to be delayed) or 滞る (とどこおる: to be stagnant/delayed) would be more appropriate.
渋滞 is not used for stress accumulating. 溜まる (たまる: to accumulate) would be more appropriate.
渋滞 is not used for goods piling up in a warehouse. 滞留 (たいりゅう: stagnation) or 山積み (やまづみ: piled up) would be more appropriate.
<u>にこにこ</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
にこにこ (nikoniko) is an onomatopoeic word describing a gentle, smiling face or a cheerful demeanor. Option 4, '遊んでいる私たちを見て、祖母はうれしそうににこにこしていた。' (Seeing us playing, Grandma was smiling cheerfully.), correctly uses にこにこ to describe a happy, smiling expression.
Why other options are incorrect:
にこにこ is not used for anxiety or nervousness. ひやひや (hiyahiya: feeling nervous/anxious) or どきどき (dokidoki: heart pounding) would be more appropriate.
にこにこ is not used for a pounding heart due to nervousness. どきどき (dokidoki: heart pounding) would be more appropriate.
にこにこ is not used for feeling unwell or lightheaded. ふらふら (furafura: dizzy/lightheaded) or ぼーっと (bōtto: dazed/groggy) would be more appropriate.