2024/12 JLPT N3 Letters and Vocabulary test
問題１ ＿＿＿のことばの読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
山田さんがちらしを<u>配った</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
配った (くばった) is the correct reading for the kanji 配る, which means 'to distribute' or 'to hand out'. The sentence means 'Mr. Yamada distributed the flyers.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 拾った, which means 'picked up'.
This is the reading for 破った, which means 'tore' or 'ripped'.
This is the reading for 貼った, which means 'pasted' or 'stuck'.
私の国は<u>石油</u>を輸入しています。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
石油 (せきゆ) is the correct reading for the kanji 石油, which means 'petroleum' or 'oil'. The sentence means 'My country imports petroleum.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 石油.
This is an incorrect reading for 石油.
This is an incorrect reading for 石油.
卒業式には生徒の<u>父母</u>もたくさん来ていた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
父母 (ふぼ) is the correct reading for the kanji 父母, which means 'father and mother' or 'parents'. The sentence means 'Many students' parents also came to the graduation ceremony.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 父母.
This is an incorrect reading for 父母.
This is an incorrect reading for 父母.
この町の<u>主要</u>な産業は何ですか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
主要 (しゅよう) is the correct reading for the kanji 主要, which means 'main' or 'principal'. The sentence means 'What is the main industry of this town?'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 主要.
This is an incorrect reading for 主要.
This is an incorrect reading for 主要.
これは<u>加熱</u>して食べてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
加熱 (かねつ) is the correct reading for the kanji 加熱, which means 'heating' or 'to heat'. The sentence means 'Please heat this and eat it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 加熱.
This is an incorrect reading for 加熱.
This is an incorrect reading for 加熱.
川はあの辺りで<u>深く</u>なっている。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
深く (ふかく) is the correct reading for the kanji 深く, which means 'deeply' or 'to become deep'. The sentence means 'The river becomes deep around that area.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 浅く, which means 'shallowly'.
This is the reading for 広く, which means 'widely'.
This is the reading for 狭く, which means 'narrowly'.
文句を言われたので、つい<u>感情的</u>になってしまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
感情的 (かんじょうてき) is the correct reading for the kanji 感情的, which means 'emotional'. The sentence means 'I was complained to, so I unintentionally became emotional.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 感情的.
This is an incorrect reading for 感情的.
This is an incorrect reading for 感情的.
これは<u>残さないで</u>ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
残さないで (のこさないで) is the correct reading for the kanji 残さないで, which means 'please don't leave (it/anything)'. The sentence means 'Please don't leave any of this.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is the reading for 無くさないで, which means 'don't lose'.
This is the reading for 汚さないで, which means 'don't stain/dirty'.
This is the reading for 零さないで, which means 'don't spill'.
問題 2 ____のことばを漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
ここから<u>じゅんばん</u>に見てください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
順番 (じゅんばん) is the correct kanji for じゅんばん, meaning 'order' or 'sequence'. The sentence means 'Please look at them in order from here.'
Why other options are incorrect:
項番 (こうばん) means 'item number', which is not the intended meaning.
順審 is an incorrect kanji combination for じゅんばん.
項審 is an incorrect kanji combination for じゅんばん.
父は銀行に<u>つとめて</u>います。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
勤めて (つとめて) is the correct kanji for つとめて, meaning 'to work for' or 'to be employed at'. The sentence means 'My father works at a bank.'
Why other options are incorrect:
働めて is an incorrect form of 働く (はたらく), which means 'to work'.
仕めて is an incorrect kanji for this context; it can mean 'to serve' but is not the common kanji for 'to be employed'.
労めて is an incorrect kanji for this context.
ポケットが<u>さゆう</u>にあるんですね。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
左右 (さゆう) is the correct kanji for さゆう, meaning 'left and right'. The sentence means 'The pockets are on the left and right, aren't they?'
Why other options are incorrect:
裏表 (うらおもて) means 'inside out' or 'front and back'.
右左 (みぎひだり) also means 'right and left', but 左右 is the more common and formal compound for 'left and right'.
表裏 (ひょうり) means 'front and back' or 'duplicity'.
昨日の試合は<u>まけて</u>しまいました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
負けて (まけて) is the correct kanji for まけて, meaning 'lost' (from 負ける - to lose). The sentence means 'We lost yesterday's game.'
Why other options are incorrect:
退けて (しりぞけて) means 'to repel' or 'to remove'.
失けて is an incorrect kanji for 'to lose' in this context.
欠けて (かけて) means 'to be missing' or 'to be lacking'.
<u>かこ</u>の例も調べてみましょう。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
過去 (かこ) is the correct kanji for かこ, meaning 'past'. The sentence means 'Let's also investigate past examples.'
Why other options are incorrect:
適去 is an incorrect kanji combination for かこ.
過古 is an incorrect kanji combination for かこ.
適古 is an incorrect kanji combination for かこ.
この資料はページが<u>ぎゃく</u>になっていますよ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
逆 (ぎゃく) is the correct kanji for ぎゃく, meaning 'reverse' or 'opposite'. The sentence means 'The pages of this document are in reverse order.'
Why other options are incorrect:
違います (ちがいます) means 'is different' or 'is wrong', not 'reverse'.
変更 (へんこう) means 'change'.
別 (べつ) means 'separate' or 'another'.
問題３ （ ）に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
大雪で朝から電車が( )している。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
運休 (うんきゅう) means 'suspension of service' (for transportation). It fits the context of trains stopping due to heavy snow. The sentence means 'Due to heavy snow, trains have been suspended since morning.'
Why other options are incorrect:
縮小 (しゅくしょう) means 'reduction' or 'curtailment'. It does not fit the context of train service.
滞在 (たいざい) means 'stay' or 'sojourn'. It refers to staying somewhere, not train service.
延期 (えんき) means 'postponement'. While related to delays, '運休' specifically means service suspension.
今日は暑かったので、シャツが( )でぬれてしまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
あせ (汗) means 'sweat'. It is the most appropriate word to describe a shirt getting wet due to heat. The sentence means 'It was hot today, so my shirt got wet with sweat.'
Why other options are incorrect:
いびき means 'snoring'. It is unrelated to a shirt getting wet from heat.
あくび means 'yawn'. It is unrelated to a shirt getting wet from heat.
いき (息) means 'breath'. While related to the body, it doesn't cause a shirt to get wet in this context.
皆さんに声がよく聞こえるように、 ( ) を使って話してください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
マイク (maiku) means 'microphone'. It is used to make one's voice heard clearly by many people. The sentence means 'Please speak using a microphone so everyone can hear your voice well.'
Why other options are incorrect:
サイレン (siren) is a loud warning sound, not something used for speaking.
エンジン (engine) is a machine that provides power, unrelated to speaking.
ノック (knock) refers to tapping on a door, unrelated to speaking.
昨日は早く寝たが、 夜中に大きな音がして目が( )しまった。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
覚めて (さめて) is the te-form of 覚める, meaning 'to wake up'. It fits the context of being woken up by a loud noise. The sentence means 'I went to bed early yesterday, but a loud noise in the middle of the night woke me up.'
Why other options are incorrect:
嫌がって (いやがって) is the te-form of 嫌がる, meaning 'to dislike' or 'to be unwilling'. It doesn't fit the context of waking up.
驚いて (おどろいて) is the te-form of 驚く, meaning 'to be surprised'. While one might be surprised by a loud noise, '目が覚めてしまった' (my eyes woke up) specifically refers to waking up.
怖がって (こわがって) is the te-form of 怖がる, meaning 'to be scared'. It doesn't fit the context of waking up.
林さんはいつも冗談ばかり言うので、 その話も本当かどうか( ).
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
あやしい (怪しい) means 'suspicious' or 'doubtful'. It fits the context of not being sure if someone's story is true because they always joke. The sentence means 'Mr. Hayashi always tells jokes, so it's doubtful whether that story is true.'
Why other options are incorrect:
おそろしい (恐ろしい) means 'terrifying' or 'frightening'. It doesn't fit the context of doubting a story.
にくらしい (憎らしい) means 'hateful' or 'detestable'. It doesn't fit the context of doubting a story.
まずしい (貧しい) means 'poor'. It is unrelated to doubting a story.
本日の面接の結果は、 1週間以内にメールで ( )します。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
通知 (つうち) means 'notification' or 'to notify'. It is commonly used for informing results. The sentence means 'The results of today's interview will be notified by email within one week.'
Why other options are incorrect:
広告 (こうこく) means 'advertisement'. It is not used for notifying interview results.
合図 (あいず) means 'signal' or 'sign'. It is not used for formal notifications.
伝言 (でんごん) means 'message' (often a verbal message left for someone). It is not typically used for formal result notifications.
兄はいつも( ) シャツを着ているので、遠くにいてもすぐに見つかる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
派手な (はでな) means 'flashy' or 'showy'. It describes clothing that stands out, making it easy to spot someone from a distance. The sentence means 'My older brother always wears flashy shirts, so I can find him easily even from a distance.'
Why other options are incorrect:
盛んな (さかんな) means 'prosperous' or 'flourishing'. It does not describe clothing.
わがままな means 'selfish'. It describes a personality, not clothing.
身近な (みぢかな) means 'familiar' or 'close at hand'. It does not describe clothing.
ここに車を止めることは規則で( ) されていますから、 すぐに移動してください
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
禁止 (きんし) means 'prohibition' or 'forbidden'. It fits the context of rules against parking. The sentence means 'Parking cars here is forbidden by the rules, so please move your car immediately.'
Why other options are incorrect:
支配 (しはい) means 'control' or 'domination'. It does not fit the context of rules against parking.
失敗 (しっぱい) means 'failure'. It is unrelated to parking rules.
批判 (ひはん) means 'criticism'. It is unrelated to parking rules.
このコートは古いがまだ着られるので、 捨ててしまうのは ( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
もったいない (mottainai) means 'wasteful' or 'too good to waste'. It expresses regret over wasting something that is still useful. The sentence means 'This coat is old but still wearable, so throwing it away would be a waste.'
Why other options are incorrect:
しかたない (仕方ない) means 'cannot be helped' or 'it's no use'. It implies resignation, not regret over waste.
かわいらしい (可愛らしい) means 'lovely' or 'cute'. It is unrelated to the situation.
こいしい (恋しい) means 'longed for' or 'missed'. It expresses a feeling of missing something/someone.
弟への誕生日プレゼントは、 誕生日まで弟に見つからないように、 たんすの奥に ( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
隠した (かくした) is the past tense of 隠す, meaning 'to hide'. It fits the context of keeping a present secret. The sentence means 'I hid my younger brother's birthday present deep inside the chest of drawers so he wouldn't find it before his birthday.'
Why other options are incorrect:
包んだ (つつんだ) means 'wrapped'. While a present might be wrapped, the primary action to prevent it from being found is hiding.
囲んだ (かこんだ) means 'surrounded'. It does not fit the context of hiding a single item.
閉じた (とじた) means 'closed'. While a drawer might be closed, it doesn't imply hiding the item itself.
山口さんは今度のパーティーには来られないかもしれないが、( ) 誘うつもりだ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
一応 (いちおう) means 'for the time being' or 'just in case'. It implies doing something as a formality or precaution, even if the outcome is uncertain. The sentence means 'Mr. Yamaguchi might not be able to come to the party, but I'll invite him just in case.'
Why other options are incorrect:
十分 (じゅうぶん) means 'enough' or 'sufficiently'. It doesn't fit the context of inviting someone despite uncertainty.
けっこう means 'quite' or 'rather'. It doesn't fit the context.
たいてい means 'usually' or 'mostly'. It doesn't fit the context of a specific invitation.
問題4 __に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つえらびなさい 。
あしたまでに<u>検討して</u>おきます。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
検討して (けんとうして) means 'to consider' or 'to examine'. よく考えて (よくかんがえて) means 'to think carefully', which is the closest meaning.
Why other options are incorrect:
よく探して (よくさがして) means 'to search carefully', which is different from considering.
よく読んで (よくよんで) means 'to read carefully', which is different from considering.
よく数えて (よくかぞえて) means 'to count carefully', which is different from considering.
来週、 ここで<u>企業</u>の説明会があります。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
企業 (きぎょう) means 'enterprise' or 'company'. 会社 (かいしゃ) also means 'company', making it the closest synonym.
Why other options are incorrect:
旅行 (りょこう) means 'travel', which is unrelated to 企業.
大学 (だいがく) means 'university', which is a type of institution, not a general term for company.
建物 (たてもの) means 'building', which is a physical structure, not a company.
ちょっと<u>バックして</u>ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
バックして (bakku shite) is a loanword meaning 'to back up' or 'to move back'. 後ろに下がって (うしろにさがって) means 'to move backward', which is the closest meaning.
Why other options are incorrect:
前に進んで (まえにすすんで) means 'to move forward', which is the opposite.
横に動いて (よこにうごいて) means 'to move sideways', which is different.
そこで止まって (そこでとまって) means 'to stop there', which is different from moving backward.
鈴木さんは<u>一流の</u>選手です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
一流の (いちりゅうの) means 'first-class' or 'top-notch'. 素晴らしい (すばらしい) means 'wonderful' or 'excellent', which is the closest meaning for a top-tier athlete.
Why other options are incorrect:
かっこいい means 'cool' or 'attractive'. While a top athlete might be cool, it's not the primary meaning of 一流.
普通の (ふつうの) means 'ordinary', which is the opposite of 一流.
人気がある (にんきがある) means 'popular'. While a top athlete might be popular, it's not the primary meaning of 一流, which refers to quality/skill.
田中さんが<u>ようやく</u>来てくれました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
ようやく (youyaku) means 'at last' or 'finally'. やっと (yatto) is a common synonym with the same meaning.
Why other options are incorrect:
笨に is not a standard Japanese word or reading. It might be a typo for 簡単に (かんたんに - easily) or something similar, but it's not a synonym for ようやく.
すぐに means 'immediately' or 'soon', which is the opposite of 'finally'.
初めて (はじめて) means 'for the first time', which is different from 'finally' after a wait.
問題５ つぎのことばの使い方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
<u>内容</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
この手紙の<u>内容</u>は、ほかの人には秘密にしてください。 (Please keep the content of this letter a secret from others.) - This sentence correctly uses 内容 (ないよう: content, substance) to refer to the information or substance of the letter.
Why other options are incorrect:
内容 is incorrectly used here. For an air conditioner, one would refer to its 'parts' (部品 - buhin) or 'internal components' (中身 - nakami), not its 'content'.
内容 is incorrectly used here. For curry in a pot, one would refer to its 'ingredients' (材料 - zairyō) or 'contents' (中身 - nakami), not its 'content' in an abstract sense.
内容 is incorrectly used here. For a wallet, one would refer to its 'contents' (中身 - nakami), 'money' (お金 - okane), or 'cards' (カード - kādo), not its 'content'.
<u>活動</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
彼は有名なロック歌手だったが、今は<u>活動</u>していない。(He was a famous rock singer, but he is not active now.) - This sentence correctly uses 活動 (かつどう: activity, action) to refer to a person's professional or public activities.
Why other options are incorrect:
活動 is incorrectly used here. Air 'flows' (流れている - nagarete iru) or 'circulates' (循環している - junkan shite iru), it doesn't 'act' or 'be active'.
活動 is incorrectly used here. A computer 'operates' (稼働していた - kadō shite ita) or 'was working' (動いていた - ugoite ita), it doesn't 'act' or 'be active' in this context.
活動 is incorrectly used here. A convenience store 'is open' (営業している - eigyō shite iru) or 'operates' (営業している - eigyō shite iru) 24 hours, it doesn't 'act' or 'be active'.
<u>落ち着く</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
大好きなこの曲を聞くと、 いつも気持ちが<u>落ち着きます</u>。(When I listen to this favorite song, my feelings always calm down.) - This sentence correctly uses 落ち着く (おちつく: to calm down, settle down, be settled) to describe a feeling becoming calm or relaxed.
Why other options are incorrect:
落ち着く is incorrectly used here. Snow 'accumulates' or 'piles up' (積もる - tsumoru), it doesn't 'settle down' in this manner.
落ち着く is incorrectly used here. A stain 'sets in' or 'becomes fixed' (染み付く - shimitsuku), it doesn't 'settle down'.
落ち着く is incorrectly used here. A bird 'perches' (止まっている - tomatte iru) or 'rests' (休んでいる - yasunde iru), it doesn't 'settle down' in this way.
<u>ぐっすり</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
今日は疲れているので、朝まで<u>ぐっすり</u>眠れそうだ。(I'm tired today, so I think I can sleep soundly until morning.) - This sentence correctly uses ぐっすり (gussuri: soundly, deeply (used with sleep)) to describe sleeping deeply.
Why other options are incorrect:
ぐっすり is incorrectly used here. For eating, one would use words like 'a lot' (たくさん - takusan) or 'to your heart's content' (存分に - zonbun ni).
ぐっすり is incorrectly used here. For practicing, one would use words like 'diligently' (しっかり - shikkari) or 'enthusiastically' (熱心に - nesshin ni).
ぐっすり is incorrectly used here. For chatting, one would use words like 'a lot' (たくさん - takusan) or 'for a long time' (長く - nagaku).
<u>性格</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
森さんはおとなしい<u>性格</u>で、 自分の意見はあまり言いません。(Mr. Mori has a quiet personality and doesn't express his opinions much.) - This sentence correctly uses 性格 (せいかく: personality, character) to describe a person's character.
Why other options are incorrect:
性格 is incorrectly used here. For a country, one would refer to its 'history' (歴史 - rekishi) or 'culture' (文化 - bunka), not its 'personality'.
性格 is incorrectly used here. For a car, one would refer to its 'performance' (性能 - seinō) or 'quality' (品質 - hinshitsu), not its 'personality'.
性格 is incorrectly used here. For music, one would refer to developing one's 'talent' (才能 - sainō) or 'ability' (能力 - nōryoku), not its 'personality'.