JLPT N3 Letters and Vocabulary test
問題１ ＿＿＿のことばの読み方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
すみません、弟がこれを<u>割って</u>しまいました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
割って (わって) is the correct reading for the kanji 割る, which means 'to break' or 'to divide'. The sentence means 'Excuse me, my younger brother broke this.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 割って. けって would be for 蹴って (to kick).
This is an incorrect reading for 割って. おって would be for 折って (to fold, to break by bending).
This is an incorrect reading for 割って. さわって would be for 触って (to touch).
ピアノを<u>基本</u>から習いたい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
基本 (きほん) means 'basics' or 'foundation'. The correct reading is 'きほん'. The sentence means 'I want to learn piano from the basics.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 基本.
This is an incorrect reading for 基本. しほん would be for 資本 (capital).
This is an incorrect reading for 基本.
かばんは<u>横</u>においてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
横 (よこ) means 'side' or 'horizontal'. The correct reading is 'よこ'. The sentence means 'Please put your bag on its side/horizontally.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 横. そば means 'nearby' or 'beside'.
This is an incorrect reading for 横. となり means 'next to' or 'neighboring'.
This is an incorrect reading for 横. ゆか means 'floor'.
この仕事は今日が<u>最初</u>です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
最初 (さいしょ) means 'beginning' or 'first'. The correct reading is 'さいしょ'. The sentence means 'Today is the first day of this job.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 最初. さいしゅう would be for 最終 (final, last).
This is an incorrect reading for 最初. さいしょう would be for 最小 (minimum, smallest).
This is an incorrect reading for 最初.
昨日、山田さん日本を<u>返しました</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
返しました (かえしました) is the past tense of 返す, meaning 'to return' or 'to give back'. The correct reading is 'かえしました'. The sentence means 'Yesterday, Mr. Yamada returned the book to Japan.' (Assuming 日本 is a typo for 本 or something similar, as 'returned Japan' doesn't make sense, but the reading is for 返しました).
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 返しました. わかしました would be for 沸かしました (boiled).
This is an incorrect reading for 返しました. もどしました would be for 戻しました (returned, put back), which has a similar meaning but different kanji.
This is an incorrect reading for 返しました. かしました would be for 貸しました (lent).
この<u>包丁</u>は使いやすい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
包丁 (ほうちょう) means 'kitchen knife'. The correct reading is 'ほうちょう'. The sentence means 'This kitchen knife is easy to use.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 包丁.
This is an incorrect reading for 包丁.
This is an incorrect reading for 包丁.
<u>適当</u>なやり方を教えてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
適当 (てきとう) means 'appropriate' or 'suitable'. The correct reading is 'てきとう'. The sentence means 'Please tell me an appropriate way to do it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 適当.
This is an incorrect reading for 適当. ていとう would be for 抵当 (mortgage).
This is an incorrect reading for 適当.
部屋が狭いので、大きな<u>家具</u>は置けません。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
家具 (かぐ) means 'furniture'. The correct reading is 'かぐ'. The sentence means 'The room is small, so I can't put large furniture in it.'
Why other options are incorrect:
This is an incorrect reading for 家具.
This is an incorrect reading for 家具.
This is an incorrect reading for 家具.
問題 2 ____のことばを漢字で書くとき、最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
この質問を<u>といて</u>ください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct kanji for 'といて' (toite) in the context of 'solving a question' is 解いて (toite), from the verb 解く (toku). The sentence means 'Please solve this question.'
Why other options are incorrect:
試いて (tameshite) means 'to try' or 'to test'. It does not fit the meaning of 'solve' for a question.
答いて (kotaete) means 'to answer'. While related to questions, 'solve' is a more precise fit for 質問を解く.
調いて (shirabete) means 'to investigate' or 'to check'. It does not fit the meaning of 'solve' for a question.
今日は少し<u>こし</u>が痛い。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct kanji for 'こし' (koshi) meaning 'lower back' or 'waist' is 腰. The sentence means 'My lower back hurts a little today.'
Why other options are incorrect:
胸 (mune) means 'chest'.
腹 (hara) means 'stomach' or 'abdomen'.
脇 (waki) means 'armpit' or 'side'.
入学式の<u>よくしゅう</u>から講義が始まる。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct kanji for 'よくしゅう' (yokushuu) meaning 'the following week' is 翌週. The sentence means 'Lectures will begin from the week following the entrance ceremony.'
Why other options are incorrect:
次週 (jishuu) also means 'next week', but 翌週 is specifically 'the following week' in a sequence, often used for the week immediately after a specific event.
明週 (meishuu) is not a standard Japanese word for 'next week'.
遠週 (enshuu) is not a standard Japanese word.
今朝は気温が<u>ひくかった</u>ので、水が凍っていた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct kanji for 'ひくかった' (hikukatta) meaning 'was low' (referring to temperature) is 低かった, the past tense of 低い (hikui). The sentence means 'The temperature was low this morning, so the water was frozen.'
Why other options are incorrect:
寒かった (samukatta) means 'was cold' (referring to the feeling of coldness), not specifically 'low temperature'.
底かった (sokokatta) is not a standard Japanese word. 底 (soko) means 'bottom'.
暑かった (atsukatta) means 'was hot', which is the opposite meaning.
湖はどの<u>ほうこう</u>にありますか
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct kanji for 'ほうこう' (houkou) meaning 'direction' is 方向. The sentence means 'In which direction is the lake?'
Why other options are incorrect:
方角 (hougaku) also means 'direction' or 'compass direction', but 方向 is more commonly used in general questions about direction.
法向 (houkou) is not a standard Japanese word for 'direction'.
法角 (houkaku) is not a standard Japanese word.
学校の<u>きそく</u>がすこし変わるそうだ
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct kanji for 'きそく' (kisoku) meaning 'rule' or 'regulation' is 規則. The sentence means 'I heard that the school rules will change a little.'
Why other options are incorrect:
規側 (kisoku) is an incorrect kanji combination for 'rule'.
期則 (kisoku) is an incorrect kanji combination for 'rule'.
期側 (kisoku) is an incorrect kanji combination for 'rule'.
問題３ （ ）に入れるのに最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つえらびなさい。
野球が好きな友人の( )で、私も野球に興味を持った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
影響 (えいきょう) means 'influence' or 'effect'. The sentence means 'I became interested in baseball due to the influence of my friend who likes baseball.' This fits the context of being influenced by a friend.
Why other options are incorrect:
指定 (してい) means 'designation' or 'specification'. It does not fit the context of being influenced.
申講 (しんこう) is not a common word or has a different meaning (e.g., 'application for lecture'). It does not fit the context.
通知 (つうち) means 'notification' or 'notice'. It does not fit the context of being influenced.
私は歌が下手なので、 歌の上手な人が ( )です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
うらやましい (urayamashii) means 'envious' or 'jealous'. The sentence means 'I'm bad at singing, so I'm envious of people who are good at singing.' This expresses the feeling of wishing one had the same skill.
Why other options are incorrect:
残念 (ざんねん) means 'regrettable' or 'disappointing'. While one might feel disappointed, 'envious' is a more direct fit for wishing to have someone else's skill.
なつかしい (natsukashii) means 'nostalgic' or 'missed'. This does not fit the context of someone else's singing ability.
不安 (ふあん) means 'anxiety' or 'unease'. This does not fit the context of someone else's singing ability.
ゴールまでもう少しだったので、足の痛みを( )して走ってきた。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
我慢 (がまん) means 'patience' or 'endurance'. The sentence means 'I endured the pain in my legs and ran because I was almost at the goal.' This fits the context of pushing through pain.
Why other options are incorrect:
苦労 (くろう) means 'trouble' or 'hardship'. While running can be hard, 'enduring' the pain is more specific.
遠慮 (えんりょ) means 'hesitation' or 'modesty'. This does not fit the context of running despite pain.
努力 (どりょく) means 'effort'. While effort is involved, 'enduring' the pain is the direct action taken.
林さんは会議ではいつも( )ので、あまり自分の意見を言わない。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
消極的 (しょうきょくてき) means 'passive' or 'negative'. The sentence means 'Mr. Hayashi is always passive in meetings, so he doesn't express his opinions much.' This fits the behavior of not speaking up.
Why other options are incorrect:
人工的 (じんこうてき) means 'artificial'. This is unrelated to personality or behavior in a meeting.
間接的 (かんせつてき) means 'indirect'. While not speaking directly, 'passive' describes the general attitude better.
自動的 (じどうてき) means 'automatic'. This is unrelated to expressing opinions.
このバスは駅を出発してから、図書館を( )して美術館へ行きます。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
経由 (けいゆ) means 'via' or 'by way of'. The sentence means 'This bus departs from the station, goes to the museum via the library.' This describes a route that passes through a place.
Why other options are incorrect:
移動 (いどう) means 'movement' or 'transfer'. While the bus moves, '経由' specifically indicates passing through a point.
進行 (しんこう) means 'progress' or 'advance'. This describes the act of moving forward, not a specific point on a route.
下車 (げしゃ) means 'getting off (a vehicle)'. This is the opposite of what the bus is doing.
あの兄弟はとても( )ので、ほとんどけんかをしないそうです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
仲 (なか) means 'relationship' or 'terms'. The sentence means 'Those siblings have a very good relationship, so they rarely fight.' This fits the context of siblings getting along well.
Why other options are incorrect:
組 (くみ) means 'group' or 'class'. This does not describe a personal relationship.
間 (あいだ) means 'between' or 'space'. This does not describe the quality of a relationship.
形 (かたち) means 'shape' or 'form'. This is unrelated to a relationship.
家のドアを開けるために、ロボットの中から鍵を( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
取り出した (とりだした) means 'took out' or 'pulled out'. The sentence means 'To open the house door, I took out the key from the robot.' This describes the action of retrieving something from inside.
Why other options are incorrect:
取り付けた (とりつけた) means 'attached' or 'installed'. This is the opposite of taking something out.
引き受けた (ひきうけた) means 'undertook' or 'accepted'. This is unrelated to taking a key out.
引き落とした (ひきおとした) means 'withdrew (money)' or 'pulled down'. This is not the correct action for a key.
たくさんのことを( )言われても、覚えられません。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
一度に (いちどに) means 'all at once' or 'at one time'. The sentence means 'If you tell me many things all at once, I can't remember them.' This fits the context of being overwhelmed by too much information at once.
Why other options are incorrect:
偶然 (ぐうぜん) means 'by chance' or 'accidentally'. This does not fit the context of how information is given.
十分 (じゅうぶん) means 'enough' or 'sufficiently'. This does not fit the context of the quantity of information given at one time.
平等に (びょうどうに) means 'equally' or 'fairly'. This is unrelated to the speed or volume of information.
このホテルの空港からの( )がいいので、 外国人からのお客が多い。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
アクセス (akusesu) means 'access' or 'accessibility'. The sentence means 'This hotel has good access from the airport, so there are many foreign guests.' This refers to how easy it is to get to the hotel.
Why other options are incorrect:
ストップ (sutoppu) means 'stop'. This is unrelated to hotel location convenience.
セット (setto) means 'set' or 'kit'. This is unrelated to hotel location convenience.
テイクアウト (teikuauto) means 'takeout'. This is unrelated to hotel location convenience.
大好きな歌手のコンサートに行きたかったが、チケットが高くて買えない ので行くのを( )。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
あきらめた (akirame ta) means 'gave up'. The sentence means 'I wanted to go to my favorite singer's concert, but the tickets were too expensive to buy, so I gave up going.' This fits the context of abandoning a plan due to an obstacle.
Why other options are incorrect:
きらった (kiratta) means 'disliked'. This doesn't fit the context of wanting to go but being unable to.
うたがった (utagatta) means 'doubted' or 'suspected'. This is unrelated to the situation.
うばった (ubatta) means 'stole' or 'snatched'. This is unrelated to the situation.
タクシーの乗り場がわからなくて、駅の周りを( )歩き回った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
うろうろ (urouro) is an onomatopoeia meaning 'wandering aimlessly' or 'pacing around'. The sentence means 'I didn't know where the taxi stand was, so I wandered aimlessly around the station.' This perfectly describes the action.
Why other options are incorrect:
ときどき (tokidoki) means 'sometimes'. This refers to frequency, not manner of walking.
ざあざあ (zaazaa) is an onomatopoeia for heavy rain or pouring water. This is unrelated to walking.
ちかちか (chikachika) is an onomatopoeia for flickering or twinkling. This is unrelated to walking.
問題4 __に意味が最も近いものを、1・2・3・4から一つえらびなさい 。
この商品は<u>売り切れました</u>。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word '売り切れました' (urikiremashita) means 'sold out'. The closest meaning among the options is '全然売れました' (zenzen uremashita), which means 'completely sold out'. While '全然' traditionally implies a negative, in modern colloquial Japanese, it can be used to emphasize a positive, meaning 'completely' or 'totally'.
Why other options are incorrect:
'ほとんど売れました' (hotondo uremashita) means 'almost sold out', which is not the same as 'sold out'.
'あまり売れませんでした' (amari uremasen deshita) means 'didn't sell much', which is the opposite of 'sold out'.
'全然売れませんでした' (zenzen uremasen deshita) means 'didn't sell at all', which is the opposite of 'sold out'.
あそこは道が<u>カーブして</u>いますので、気をつけてください。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word 'カーブして' (kaabu shite) means 'to curve' or 'to bend'. The closest meaning among the options is '曲がって' (magatte), which means 'to bend' or 'to turn'.
Why other options are incorrect:
'狭くなって' (semaku natte) means 'became narrow', which is unrelated to curving.
'込んで' (konde) means 'crowded' or 'packed', which is unrelated to curving.
'暗くなった' (kuraku natta) means 'became dark', which is unrelated to curving.
今夜は家に誰もいないから<u>退屈</u>だ。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word '退屈' (taikutsu) means 'boring' or 'bored'. The closest meaning among the options is 'つまらない' (tsumaranai), which also means 'boring' or 'dull'.
Why other options are incorrect:
'怖い' (kowai) means 'scary' or 'frightening', which is a different emotion.
'さびしい' (sabishii) means 'lonely'. While one might feel lonely when bored, 'つまらない' is a more direct synonym for '退屈'.
'忙しい' (isogashii) means 'busy', which is the opposite of being bored.
テレビで紹介された店に<u>さっそく</u>行った。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word 'さっそく' (sassoku) means 'immediately' or 'promptly'. The closest meaning among the options is 'すぐに' (sugu ni), which also means 'immediately'.
Why other options are incorrect:
'初めて' (hajimete) means 'for the first time', which refers to novelty, not speed.
'やっと' (yatto) means 'finally' or 'at last', implying a long wait or difficulty.
'たまに' (tamani) means 'occasionally' or 'rarely', which refers to frequency, not immediacy.
このズボンは<u>ゆるい</u>ので、 別のズボンが欲しい。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The underlined word 'ゆるい' (yurui) means 'loose' or 'slack'. In the context of clothing, if something is loose, it means it is '大きい' (ookii), or 'big' for the wearer.
Why other options are incorrect:
'古い' (furui) means 'old', which is unrelated to the fit of clothing.
'小さい' (chiisai) means 'small', which is the opposite of loose.
'薄い' (usui) means 'thin', which refers to material thickness, not fit.
問題５ つぎのことばの使い方として最もよいものを、1・2・3・4 から一つ えらびなさい。
<u>知識 </u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word '知識' (chishiki) means 'knowledge'. Option 'その仕事は医学の知識がないとできない。' uses the word correctly in the context of requiring specific knowledge (medical knowledge for a job).
Why other options are incorrect:
Option 'いつ財布を落としたか知識がありません。' uses '知識' incorrectly. '知識' is for general or academic knowledge, not for knowing specific facts like 'where one dropped a wallet'. '知りません' (I don't know) would be appropriate here.
Option 'はさみどこにあるか知識がありますか。' uses '知識' incorrectly. Similar to the previous option, '知識' is not used for knowing the location of an object. '知っていますか' (Do you know?) would be appropriate.
Option 'パーティーには私の知識のある人も大勢来ていた。' uses '知識' incorrectly. '知識のある人' would mean 'knowledgeable people', but here it seems to imply 'people I know'. For 'people I know', '知り合い' (acquaintance) or '知っている人' (people I know) would be correct.
<u>ひびく</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word 'ひびく' (hibiku) means 'to echo' or 'to resonate'. Option 'この広場で歌を歌うと声がよくひびく。' uses the word correctly in the context of sound echoing in a space.
Why other options are incorrect:
Option '台所からおいしそうなにおいがひびいている。' uses 'ひびく' incorrectly. 'ひびく' is used for sound or vibration, not for smells spreading. '漂っている' (tadayotte iru - drifting) or '香っている' (kaotte iru - smelling) would be more appropriate.
Option 'この技術は1) 00年くらい前に外国からひびいたものだ。' uses 'ひびく' incorrectly. 'ひびく' is not used for technology spreading from abroad. '伝わった' (tsutawatta - was transmitted/introduced) would be more appropriate.
Option '社長が代わるといううわさが会社中てひびいている。' uses 'ひびく' incorrectly. While a rumor might 'resonate', 'ひびく' is not the most natural verb for a rumor 'spreading' throughout the company. '広まっている' (hiromatte iru - spreading) or '流れている' (nagarete iru - flowing/circulating) would be better.
<u>完成</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word '完成' (kansei) means 'completion' or 'perfection'. Option '今建てている家が完成したら、ぜひ遊びに来てください。' uses the word correctly in the context of a building being completed.
Why other options are incorrect:
Option 'みんなの意見が一つに完成したので、これから発表します。' uses '完成' incorrectly. Opinions 'come together' or 'are unified' (意見がまとまる), they don't 'complete'.
Option '娘は子どものころからの夢が完成して医者になった。' uses '完成' incorrectly. A dream 'comes true' or 'is realized' (夢がかなう), it doesn't 'complete'.
Option '親戚の結婚が完成したので、 お祝いを贈ろうと思います。' uses '完成' incorrectly. A marriage is 'decided' (結婚が決まる) or 'takes place' (結婚する), it doesn't 'complete' in this sense.
<u>あわてる</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word 'あわてる' (awateru) means 'to panic' or 'to be flustered'. Option '寝坊をして、あわてて家を出たので、携帯電話を忘れてきてしまった。' uses the word correctly in the context of being flustered and rushing out of the house.
Why other options are incorrect:
Option '昨日大雨が降ったので、今日は川の水があわてて流れている。' uses 'あわてる' incorrectly. 'あわてる' describes human emotion/action, not natural phenomena like river water flowing rapidly. '勢いよく' (ikioiyoku - vigorously) would be more appropriate.
Option 'マラソン大会で優勝するため、私はゴールまであわてて走り続けた。' uses 'あわてる' incorrectly. While one might run frantically, 'あわてる' implies being flustered or in a state of disorder, not just running fast or desperately. '必死に' (hisshi ni - desperately) or '全力で' (zenryoku de - with all one's might) would be more natural.
Option 'あのレストランは人気があるので、 お店の人はいつもあわてて働いている。' uses 'あわてる' incorrectly. While staff might be busy, 'あわてる' implies being in a state of panic or disarray. '忙しく' (isogashiku - busily) or '大忙しで' (ooisogashi de - very busily) would be more natural.
<u>実物</u>
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The word '実物' (jitsubutsu) means 'actual thing' or 'real thing'. Option '服はインターネットの写真だけではなく、 実物を見てから買いたい。' uses the word correctly in the context of seeing the actual item before buying clothes.
Why other options are incorrect:
Option 'そのときは彼女の実物の気持ちが分からなかった。' uses '実物' incorrectly. '実物' refers to a physical object. For 'real feelings', '実際の気持ち' (jissai no kimochi) would be correct.
Option 'デパートで買い物をしたとき、 実物が足りなかったので、クレジットカードで払った。' uses '実物' incorrectly. '実物' is not used for money or cash. '現金' (genkin - cash) or 'お金' (okane - money) would be correct.
Option '緊張したので発表のときは失敗しましたが、 実物はもっと上手にできました。' uses '実物' incorrectly. '実物' refers to a physical object. For 'in reality' or 'in the actual performance', '実際は' (jissai wa) or '本番は' (honban wa) would be correct.