JLPT N4 Grammar and Reading Comprehension Practice Test 2
もんだい１ （ ）に 何を 入れますか。１・２・３・４から いちばん いい ものを 一つ えらんで ください。
1. きのうの しゅくだいは 少なかったので、（ ） 終わりました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The particle で (de) is used here to indicate the duration or amount of time it took to complete an action. The sentence means 'Yesterday's homework was little, so I finished it in 20 minutes.'
Why other options are incorrect:
20分 (nijuppun) alone is just '20 minutes' and doesn't function as a particle to indicate duration in this context.
～しか (shika) is used with a negative verb to mean 'only' or 'no more than'. For example, '20分しかかかりませんでした' (It only took 20 minutes). Here, the verb is positive (終わりました), so it's incorrect.
を (o) is a direct object marker. It is not used to indicate the duration of time an action takes.
2. この ロボットは 人 （ ） 会話することが できます。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The particle と (to) is used to indicate the partner or counterpart in an action, especially with verbs like 会話する (kaiwa suru: to converse), 話す (hanasu: to speak), or 結婚する (kekkon suru: to marry). The sentence means 'This robot can converse with people.'
Why other options are incorrect:
や (ya) is used to list a few examples among many, meaning 'and so on' or 'and others'. It's not used to indicate a partner in conversation.
を (o) is a direct object marker. 会話する is an intransitive verb when used with と, so を is not appropriate here.
へ (e) indicates direction or destination. It is not used to indicate a partner in conversation.
3. 弟 は 小さいとき よく けがを して、両親 （ ） 心配させました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The particle を (o) is used here to mark the direct object of the causative verb 心配させる (shinpai saseru: to make someone worry). The sentence means 'When my younger brother was small, he often got injured and made his parents worry.'
Why other options are incorrect:
で (de) indicates location of action, means, or duration. It is not used to mark the direct object of a causative verb.
の (no) is a possessive particle or connects nouns. It is not used to mark the direct object of a causative verb.
や (ya) is used to list examples. It is not used to mark the direct object of a causative verb.
4. ホテルの 朝ご飯の パンが とても おいしかったので、八つ （ ） 食べました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The particle も (mo) is used here to emphasize a surprisingly large quantity, meaning 'as many as' or 'even'. The sentence means 'The bread for breakfast at the hotel was very delicious, so I ate as many as eight (pieces).'
Why other options are incorrect:
に (ni) indicates location, time, or purpose. It is not used to emphasize a quantity.
が (ga) is a subject marker. It is not used to emphasize a quantity.
で (de) indicates means, location of action, or duration. It is not used to emphasize a quantity.
5. この 日本語の じしょは、 年前に 外国人 （ ） 作られました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
によって (ni yotte) is used to indicate the agent of an action in a passive sentence, especially when the agent is a group, organization, or a general category of people. The sentence means 'This Japanese dictionary was made by foreigners a few years ago.'
Why other options are incorrect:
から (kara) indicates origin or cause. While it can be used with passive verbs, it usually implies 'from' or 'by' in a more direct sense, or 'because of'. によって is more appropriate for the agent of creation.
を (o) is a direct object marker. It is not used to mark the agent in a passive sentence.
について (ni tsuite) means 'about' or 'concerning'. It is not used to indicate the agent of an action.
6. Ａ市の 運動場は （ ） 使えますが、予約が ひつようです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
だれでも (dare demo) means 'anyone' or 'everyone'. It indicates that the sports ground can be used by any person. The sentence means 'A City's sports ground can be used by anyone, but a reservation is necessary.'
Why other options are incorrect:
だれを (dare o) would mean 'whom' as a direct object, which doesn't fit the context of 'anyone can use'.
だれに (dare ni) would mean 'to whom' or 'by whom' (in some passive constructions), which doesn't fit the meaning of 'anyone can use'.
だれが (dare ga) would mean 'who' as a subject. While grammatically possible in some contexts, だれでも is the natural choice for 'anyone' in this general statement.
7. 前田「リーさん、いつも （ ） 国の かぞくに れんらくしますか。」<br> リー「メールを 書くことが 多いです。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
どうやって (dou yatte) means 'how' or 'by what means'. It asks about the method of communication. Lee's answer 'メールを 書くことが 多いです' (I often write emails) confirms that the question is about the method. The conversation means: Maeda: 'Lee-san, how do you usually contact your family in your home country?' Lee: 'I often write emails.'
Why other options are incorrect:
どのぐらい (dono gurai) means 'about how much/how long/how many'. It asks about quantity or duration, not method.
どの (dono) means 'which' and is used before a noun (e.g., どの国: which country). It doesn't fit here as a standalone question word for method.
どういう (dou iu) means 'what kind of'. It asks about the type or nature of something, not the method of action.
8. 娘は 先月 高校を 卒業しました。（ ） 大学の 入学式です。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
もうすぐ (mou sugu) means 'soon' or 'in a little while'. It indicates that the university entrance ceremony will happen in the near future, following her high school graduation last month. The sentence means 'My daughter graduated from high school last month. The university entrance ceremony is soon.'
Why other options are incorrect:
だんだん (dandan) means 'gradually' or 'little by little'. It describes a gradual change, not an imminent event.
あまり (amari) means 'not much' or 'not very' and is typically used with negative verbs. It doesn't fit the context of an upcoming event.
だいたい (daitai) means 'mostly' or 'approximately'. It refers to a general idea or approximation, not an event happening soon.
9. 今朝は 駅に 行く バスが （ ） 来なかったので、タクシーで行きました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
なかなか (nakanaka) is often used with a negative verb to mean 'not easily' or 'hardly'. In this context, it means the bus 'didn't come easily' or 'took a long time to come', implying a delay or difficulty. The sentence means 'This morning, the bus to the station didn't come easily (or for a long time), so I went by taxi.'
Why other options are incorrect:
やっと (yatto) means 'at last' or 'finally', implying something was achieved after a long wait or difficulty. It doesn't fit with the negative verb 来なかったので (konakatta node: because it didn't come).
きっと (kitto) means 'surely' or 'certainly'. It expresses certainty, which doesn't fit the context of a bus not coming.
いつか (itsuka) means 'sometime' or 'someday'. It refers to an unspecified time in the future or past, not a current situation of a bus not arriving.
10. 山下「南さん、あしたか あさって、カラオケに 行かない 」<br> 南 「あ、いいね。あしたは 都合が 悪いけど、あさって （ ）だいじょうぶだよ。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
なら (nara) is a conditional particle used to state a condition based on what was just mentioned. Here, Minami is saying 'If it's the day after tomorrow, it's fine.' It's a common way to accept an alternative. The conversation means: Yamashita: 'Minami-san, want to go karaoke tomorrow or the day after tomorrow?' Minami: 'Oh, sounds good. Tomorrow isn't convenient, but the day after tomorrow, if it's that, it's fine.'
Why other options are incorrect:
なのに (nanoni) means 'even though' or 'despite'. It expresses a contrast or unexpected outcome, which doesn't fit here.
だから (dakara) means 'therefore' or 'so'. It indicates a reason or consequence, which doesn't fit the conditional context.
でも (demo) means 'but' or 'however'. While it expresses contrast, なら is more natural when suggesting an alternative that is acceptable.
11. 私は （ ） 間、スーパーで アルバイトを して いました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The particle の (no) is used here to connect 夏休み (natsuyasumi: summer vacation) to 間 (aida: during/while), forming a phrase that means 'during summer vacation'. The sentence means 'I was working part-time at a supermarket during summer vacation.'
Why other options are incorrect:
夏休みに (natsuyasumi ni) would mean 'at summer vacation' or 'on summer vacation', which is less natural than 'during summer vacation' when referring to a period of time with 間.
夏休みで (natsuyasumi de) would imply 'by means of summer vacation' or 'at summer vacation (as a location of action)', which doesn't fit the meaning of 'during'.
夏休み (natsuyasumi) alone cannot directly modify 間 (aida) without a particle like の.
12. 先週 庭の 木の えだを 切りました。ぜんぶ （ ） 時間 かかりました。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～のに (no ni) is used to indicate the purpose or the effort/time required for an action. Here, it means 'for cutting' or 'in order to cut'. The sentence means 'Last week, I cut the branches of the tree in the garden. It took time to cut them all.'
Why other options are incorrect:
～たり (tari) is used to list examples of actions, meaning 'do this and that'. It doesn't fit the context of indicating the purpose or time taken for a single action.
～に (ni) after a verb stem (e.g., 切りに) indicates purpose, but it's usually for going somewhere to do something (e.g., 買い物に行きます: go shopping). It's not used to express the time taken for an action.
～か どうか (ka dou ka) means 'whether or not'. It expresses uncertainty, which doesn't fit the context of time taken.
13. 木村「山田さん、あしたの 午後、サッカーの 練習に 行きますか。」<br> 山田「ええ、行きます。でも、午前中に 用事が あるので、（ ）。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～かもしれません (kamoshiremasen) means 'might be' or 'may be'. It expresses possibility or uncertainty. Yamada-san has an errand in the morning, so there's a possibility of being late for the afternoon practice. The conversation means: Kimura: 'Yamada-san, are you going to soccer practice tomorrow afternoon?' Yamada: 'Yes, I am. But I have an errand in the morning, so I might be late.'
Why other options are incorrect:
遅れないで ください (okurenai de kudasai) means 'Please don't be late'. This is a request, not a statement about one's own possibility.
遅れないほうが いいです (okurenai hou ga ii desu) means 'It's better not to be late'. This is advice or a recommendation, not a statement about one's own possibility.
遅れては いけません (okurete wa ikemasen) means 'You must not be late' or 'You shouldn't be late'. This expresses prohibition, which doesn't fit the context of having an errand.
14.（食堂で）<br> 森 「空いて いる 席が ありませんね。」<br> 田中「ええ。あ、でも、あそこの 席が （ ） よ。」<br> 森 「本当ですね。空くまで、少し 待ちましょう。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～そうです (sou desu) attached to the stem of a verb (空きそう: akisou) indicates that something 'looks like' it's going to happen or 'seems' to be the case, based on observation. Tanaka observes a seat that appears to be about to become empty. Mori's response '空くまで、少し 待ちましょう' (Let's wait a bit until it's empty) confirms this interpretation. The conversation means: Mori: 'There are no empty seats, are there?' Tanaka: 'Yeah. Oh, but that seat over there looks like it's about to become empty.' Mori: 'You're right. Let's wait a bit until it's empty.'
Why other options are incorrect:
空きました (akimashita) means 'it became empty' (past tense). This implies it's already empty, which contradicts Mori's suggestion to 'wait until it's empty'.
空いて います (aite imasu) means 'it is empty' (current state). This also implies it's already empty, contradicting Mori's suggestion to wait.
空いたようです (aita you desu) means 'it seems to have become empty'. This implies a past observation or inference that it's already empty, which doesn't fit the context of waiting for it to become empty.
15.（会議室で）<br> 林 「上田さん、会議の じゅんびは 終わりましたか。てつだいましょうか。」<br>上田「ありがとうございます。じゃあ、いすが 一つ 足りないので、となりの 会議室から （ ）。」<br> 林 「はい、わかりました。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
～て もらえますか (te moraemasu ka) is a polite request, meaning 'Could you do X for me?' Ueda is asking Hayashi to bring a chair. The conversation means: Hayashi: 'Ueda-san, are the preparations for the meeting finished? Shall I help?' Ueda: 'Thank you. Well, one chair is missing, so could you bring one from the next meeting room?' Hayashi: 'Yes, I understand.'
Why other options are incorrect:
持って こなくても いいですか (motte konakute mo ii desu ka) means 'Is it okay if I don't bring it?' This is asking for permission not to do something, which is the opposite of what Ueda wants.
持って こないと いけませんか (motte konai to ikemasen ka) means 'Must I bring it?' or 'Don't I have to bring it?'. This is asking about obligation, which doesn't fit the context of a request for help.
持って きて いませんか (motte kite imasen ka) means 'Haven't you brought it?' or 'Aren't you bringing it?'. This is a question about a state or ongoing action, not a request.
もんだい２ __★__ に 入る ものは どれですか。１・２・３・４から いちばん いい ものを 一つ えらんで ください。
16. 先月まで 花屋が あった ___ _★_ ___ ___ おいしいです。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 先月まで 花屋が あった 場所に できた りんごの ケーキが おいしいです。 (The apple cake that was made at the place where there was a flower shop until last month is delicious.) The star position is できた (dekita), which means 'was made' or 'was completed', modifying りんごのケーキ (ringo no keeki: apple cake).
Why other options are incorrect:
If りんごのケーキが were in the star position, the sentence structure would be incomplete and grammatically incorrect.
きっさてんは (kissaten wa: the cafe) would change the subject of the sentence and make it grammatically incorrect in this context.
場所に (basho ni: at the place) would make the sentence grammatically incorrect as it would lack a verb to describe what happened at that place.
17. きのうの 夜 家に 帰ってから、かぎを ___ ___ _★_ ___ 、覚えて いません。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: きのうの 夜 家に 帰ってから、かぎを どこに 置いた か、覚えて いません。 (After returning home last night, I don't remember where I put the key.) The star position is 置いた (oita), the past tense of 置く (oku: to put/place), which forms the embedded question どこに置いたか (doko ni oita ka: where I put it).
Why other options are incorrect:
どこ (doko: where) alone would not complete the verb phrase for the embedded question.
に (ni) is a particle indicating location, but it needs to be followed by a verb to form a complete phrase.
か (ka) is the question particle, but it needs the verb phrase before it to form the embedded question.
18. 私は ピアノを ___ ___ _★_ ___ 時間が ありません。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 私は 最近 いそがしくて ピアノを ひく 時間が ありません。 (Recently, I've been busy and don't have time to play the piano.) The star position is 最近 いそがしくて (saikin isogashikute: recently, being busy), which provides the reason for not having time. The phrase ピアノをひく時間 (piano o hiku jikan: time to play the piano) is a noun phrase.
Why other options are incorrect:
ひくのが (hiku no ga) would mean 'playing (it) is', which doesn't fit the sentence structure that explains the reason for lack of time.
ひく (hiku: to play) is part of the noun phrase ピアノをひく時間. Placing it at the star position would break the sentence structure.
好きですが (suki desu ga: I like it, but) would introduce a contrast, but it doesn't fit the flow of explaining why there's no time.
19. 私は さいの たんじょうびに そふが ___ ___ _★_ ___ います。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 私は さいの たんじょうびに そふが くれた カメラを 大切に 使って います。 (I am carefully using the camera my grandfather gave me for my birthday.) The star position is 大切に (taisetsu ni: carefully/with care), which is an adverb modifying the verb 使って います (tsukatte imasu: am using).
Why other options are incorrect:
くれた (kureta: gave me) is part of the relative clause そふがくれたカメラ (sofu ga kureta kamera: the camera my grandfather gave me). Placing it at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect.
使って (tsukatte: using) is part of the main verb phrase 使っています. Placing it at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect.
カメラを (kamera o: camera [object marker]) is the direct object of 使っています. Placing it at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect.
20. 林 「来週、野球の 試合を 見に 行こうと 思って いるんですが、リーさんも いっしょに どうですか。」<br> リー「えっ、野球の 試合ですか。いいですね。 ___ ___ _★_ ___ です。」
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The correct order is: 見に 行った ことが ない ので、ぜひ 行きたい です。 (Because I've never been to see one, I definitely want to go.) The star position is ので (node), which indicates a reason or cause. Lee is explaining why she definitely wants to go. The conversation means: Hayashi: 'Next week, I'm thinking of going to see a baseball game. Lee-san, how about you join?' Lee: 'Oh, a baseball game? Sounds good. Because I've never been to see one, I definitely want to go.'
Why other options are incorrect:
ぜひ 行きたい (zehi ikitai: definitely want to go) is the conclusion of Lee's statement, not the connecting particle.
ことが ない (koto ga nai: have not done) is part of the phrase 見に行ったことがない (mimi itta koto ga nai: have not been to see). Placing it at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect.
見に 行った (mi ni itta: went to see) is part of the phrase 見に行ったことがない. Placing it at the star position would make the sentence grammatically incorrect.
もんだい３ 【21】 から 【25】 に 何を 入れますか。文章の 意味を かんが 考えて、１・２・３・４から いちばん いい ものを 一つ えらんで ください。
Reading Passage
水泳
チン メイキ
私の しゅみは 水泳です。毎週 プールで 泳いで います。 【21】、半年前までは 泳ぐことが できませんでした。日本に 来る 前に 住んでいた 所には 海も プールも なかったのです。
半年前、夏休みに 日本人の ともだちと 海に 行きました。ともだちは 遠くまで 泳いで いきました。けれども、私 【22】 泳げませんでした。ともだちが かっこよかったので、私も 泳いで みたいと 思いました。
次の 週から 町の プールで 泳ぐ 練習を 始めました。水泳の 上手なともだちに 泳ぎ方を 【23】 。難しかったですが、毎週 ともだちと 練習しました。それで 少しずつ 【24】 。今は 一人で 練習して います。
泳ぐのは とても 楽しいです。次に 海に 行くまでに たくさん 【25}。
English Summary & Annotations
【21】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
でも (demo) means 'but' or 'however'. It introduces a contrasting statement: the author swims every week now, but half a year ago, they couldn't swim. This fits the context perfectly.
Why other options are incorrect:
は (wa) is a topic marker. While it can introduce a new topic, it doesn't express the strong contrast needed here.
なら (nara) means 'if it's the case that...' or 'as for...'. It's a conditional particle and doesn't fit the meaning of 'however'.
より (yori) means 'than' and is used for comparison. It is not appropriate here.
【22】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
教えて もらいました (oshiete moraimashita) means 'I was taught' or 'I received the favor of being taught'. The author received teaching from their friend, so this is the correct expression for receiving a favor. The sentence means 'I was taught how to swim by my friend who is good at swimming.'
Why other options are incorrect:
教えて いました (oshiete imashita) means 'was teaching'. This implies the friend was teaching, but the sentence structure needs to show that the author was the recipient of the teaching.
教えて あげました (oshiete agemashita) means 'I taught (someone else)'. This implies the author taught someone, which is the opposite of the meaning.
教えて くれました (oshiete kuremashita) means '(someone) taught me'. While grammatically correct for the friend teaching the author, もらいました emphasizes the author's perspective of receiving the favor, which is often preferred in such contexts.
【23】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
泳げるように なりました (oyogeru you ni narimashita) means 'became able to swim'. This expression indicates a change in ability or state, which fits the context of the author gradually learning to swim. The sentence means 'It was difficult, but I practiced with my friend every week. Therefore, I gradually became able to swim.'
Why other options are incorrect:
泳いで おきました (oyoide okimashita) means 'swam in advance' or 'swam for preparation'. This doesn't fit the context of acquiring a new ability.
泳いで しまいました (oyoide shimaimashita) means 'ended up swimming' or 'swam completely/regrettably'. This implies completion or regret, not the acquisition of ability.
泳げることに なりました (oyogeru koto ni narimashita) means 'it was decided that I would be able to swim' or 'it came to be that I could swim'. While similar, ように なりました is more commonly used for a personal change in ability.
【24】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
だから (dakara) means 'therefore' or 'so'. It indicates a logical consequence: because the author practiced every week, they gradually became able to swim. This fits the cause-and-effect relationship.
Why other options are incorrect:
それに (sore ni) means 'in addition' or 'moreover'. It adds more information, but doesn't express a direct consequence.
しかし (shikashi) means 'however' or 'but'. It introduces a contrast, which is not the case here.
たとえば (tatoeba) means 'for example'. It introduces an example, which is not appropriate here.
【25】
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
練習したいです (renshuu shitai desu) means 'I want to practice'. The author expresses a desire to practice a lot before the next time they go to the sea, which aligns with the overall theme of enjoying swimming and improving. The sentence means 'Swimming is very fun. I want to practice a lot before going to the sea next time.'
Why other options are incorrect:
練習するためです (renshuu suru tame desu) means 'It is for the purpose of practicing'. While it expresses purpose, it sounds less natural than expressing a direct desire in this context.
練習したようです (renshuu shita you desu) means 'It seems I practiced' or 'It seems like practice happened'. This expresses inference about a past action, which doesn't fit the future desire.
練習するそうです (renshuu suru sou desu) means 'I heard that I will practice' or 'It is said that I will practice'. This expresses hearsay or a report, not a personal desire.
もんだい４ つぎの１から４の文章を読んで、質問に答えてください。答えは、 １・２・３・４から、いちばんいいものを一つえらんでください。
Reading Passage
このお知らせが日本語学校の教室にあります。
忘れ物がありました
忘れた人は、先生たちの部屋へ取りに来てください。
①辞書（103教室にありました）
②帽子（食堂にありました）
12月5日（月）か7日（水）までは、試験中ですから、
先生たちの部屋には入れません。教室でクラスの先生に言ってください。
2021年12月1日（木） 大西日本語学校
(２)
アイスクリームは、夏に食べるととてもおいしいですが、私は寒い冬でも時々
食べます。夏は毎日食べるので安いものしか買いませんが、冬は高いものを
買います。暖かい部屋でいいアイスクリームを食べるのが、私の楽しみなのです。
(３)
（日本語学校で）
高田先生の机の上に、このメモがあります。
高田先生
みそ工場の林さんから電話がありました。
1月に工場見学ができるのは、19日(木)10時、17時と26日(木)14時、15時だそうです。
見学の日と時間が決まったら、電話がほしいと言っていました。 行く人の数も教えてもらいたいそうです。
12月1日 10:20 ヒマル
(４)
昨日初めて黒い消しゴムを買いました。レジの人が「白いのは、使うと
消しゴムが黒く汚れて嫌だと言う人が多いから、黒いのを作ったそうですよ。」と教えてくれました。私は色がかっこいいから買ったので、理由を聞いて面白いなと思いました。
English Summary & Annotations
26. 試験中3日間に忘れ物を取りに行きたい人は、どうしなければなりませんか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The notice states: '12月5日（月）か7日（水）までは、試験中ですから、先生たちの部屋には入れません。教室でクラスの先生に言ってください。' (From December 5th (Monday) to 7th (Wednesday), it's during the exam period, so you cannot enter the teachers' room. Please tell your class teacher in the classroom.) Therefore, during the exam period, one must speak to their class teacher in the classroom.
Why other options are incorrect:
The notice provides an alternative method (speaking to the class teacher) rather than waiting until after the exams.
The notice explicitly states that during the exam period, students 'cannot enter the teachers' room'.
The notice says to go to the teachers' room (or speak to the teacher), not to the place where the item was found (e.g., room 103 or cafeteria).
27. <u>私の楽しみ</u>は何ですか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The passage states: '暖かい部屋でいいアイスクリームを食べるのが、私の楽しみなのです。' (My enjoyment is eating good ice cream in a warm room.) It also mentions buying expensive ice cream in winter: '冬は高いものを買います。' (In winter, I buy expensive ones.) Combining these, the enjoyment is eating expensive ice cream in a warm room in winter.
Why other options are incorrect:
The passage says the author eats ice cream '時々' (tokidoki: sometimes) in winter, not '毎日' (mainichi: every day).
While the author eats ice cream daily in summer, they specify that their 'enjoyment' is related to eating 'good' (expensive) ice cream in winter.
The author states they buy '安いものしか買いません' (yasui mono shika kaimasen: only buy cheap ones) in summer, and their enjoyment is specifically in winter.
28. このメモを読んで、高田先生は林さんに何を知らせなければなりませんか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The memo states: '見学の日と時間が決まったら、電話がほしいと言っていました。行く人の数も教えてもらいたいそうです。' (He said he wants a phone call once the date and time for the visit are decided. He also said he wants to be informed of the number of people attending.) Therefore, Takada-sensei needs to inform Hayashi-san of both the date and time, and the number of people.
Why other options are incorrect:
The memo explicitly asks for both the date/time AND the number of people, not just the number.
The memo explicitly asks for both the date/time AND the number of people, not just the date/time.
The memo asks for the decided date and time, not when it will be decided.
29.「私」はどうして黒い消しゴムを買いましたか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The passage states: '私は色がかっこいいから買ったので、理由を聞いて面白いなと思いました。' (I bought it because the color looked cool, so I found the reason interesting after hearing it.) This clearly indicates the author's reason for purchase was the cool color.
Why other options are incorrect:
This was the reason given by the cashier for why black erasers were made, not the author's personal reason for buying it.
The cashier mentioned that many people dislike white erasers getting dirty, implying a demand for black ones, but not that the author bought it because many people buy black ones.
The passage does not mention anything about black erasers being better at erasing letters.
もんだい５ つぎの文章を読んで、質問に答えてください。答えは、 １・２・３・４から、いちばんいいものを一つえらんでください。
Reading Passage
東京駅で会った人
ケイティ・ワン
先週、私は友達の家に遊びに行きました。行くときに、東京駅で電車を乗り換えなければならなかったのですが、東京駅は広すぎて、乗り換える電車の場所がわかりませんでした。それで、メモを持って駅の中を行ったり来たりしていました。
①「どうしよう。」と思って困っていたとき、山田さんという女の人が声をかけてくれました。山田さんは駅の中にある喫茶店でお茶を 飲みながら、私が行ったり来たりしているのを見ていたそうです。
「どうしたんですか。」と聞かれたので、「電車の場所がわからないんです。」 と答えました。山田さんは私が乗る電車のところまで一緒に行ってくれました。
山田さんは仕事で東京に来ていて、今から京都に帰ると言いました。私は「時間は大丈夫ですか。」と聞きました。山田さんは「京都に行く新幹線はたくさんあるから、次のでも大丈夫です。私も、外国に住んでいたとき、いろいろな人に親切にしてもらいましたから。」と言いました。
私は「本当にありがとうございます。」と②お礼を言いました。
電車に乗って、一人になった私は、山田さんの言葉を思い出して、心が温かくなりました。そして、私も山田さんみたいに（ ）と思いました。
English Summary & Annotations
30. なぜ ①<u>「どうしよう。」</u>と思いましたか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The passage states: '東京駅は広すぎて、乗り換える電車の場所がわかりませんでした。それで、メモを持って駅の中を行ったり来たりしていました。' (Tokyo Station was too vast, and I couldn't find the place for the train I needed to transfer to. So, I was going back and forth inside the station with a memo.) This directly leads to the feeling of 'どうしよう' (What should I do?).
Why other options are incorrect:
The passage mentions going to a friend's house, but the problem at the station was about finding the train, not the friend.
The passage states she 'had to transfer' (乗り換えなければならなかった), not that she got off at the wrong station.
The unknown woman (Yamada-san) called out to her *after* she was already thinking 'どうしよう' because she was lost, not as the cause of her distress.
31. なぜ山田さんは「私」に声をかけましたか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The passage states: '山田さんは駅の中にある喫茶店でお茶を 飲みながら、私が行ったり来たりしているのを見ていたそうです。' (Yamada-san had apparently been watching me going back and forth while drinking tea at a coffee shop inside the station.) This directly explains why Yamada-san called out to her.
Why other options are incorrect:
The passage does not suggest Yamada-san wanted to drink tea with the author; she was already drinking tea and observed the author.
There is no mention of Yamada-san mistaking the author for a friend.
The author was holding the memo ('メモを持って'), and there is no mention of dropping it or Yamada-san picking it up.
32. なぜ② <u>お礼を言いました</u>か。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The author asks Yamada-san '時間は大丈夫ですか。' (Is your time okay?), implying concern that Yamada-san might be delayed. Yamada-san replies that it's fine because there are many Shinkansen, but the fact that the author asked indicates that Yamada-san's act of guiding her was a favor that might have caused a delay. Therefore, the author thanked her for guiding her despite the potential for being late.
Why other options are incorrect:
While Yamada-san did say this, it was an explanation for why she *could* help, not the primary reason for the author's gratitude. The gratitude is for the act of helping itself.
It was the author who worried about Yamada-san's time, not the other way around.
Yamada-san said '私も、外国に住んでいたとき、いろいろな人に親切にしてもらいましたから。' (When I lived abroad, many people were kind to me.) This is Yamada-san's *reason* for helping, not a reason for the author to thank her for something done in the author's home country.
33.（ ）に入れるのに、いちばんいい文はどれですか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The author's heart became warm after remembering Yamada-san's words, especially Yamada-san's reason for helping: '私も、外国に住んでいたとき、いろいろな人に親切にしてもらいましたから。' (When I lived abroad, many people were kind to me.) This implies a desire to pay it forward and be kind to others in need, just as Yamada-san was. Therefore, '困っている人に親切にしよう' (Let's be kind to people in trouble) is the most fitting conclusion.
Why other options are incorrect:
While a positive sentiment, it's unrelated to the interaction with Yamada-san or the theme of kindness.
Yamada-san mentioned living abroad, but the author's reflection is about kindness received and given, not a desire to live abroad.
The author was lost at Tokyo Station, but the main takeaway from the encounter was Yamada-san's kindness, not a desire to master the station's layout.
もんだい６ 右のページのお知らせを見て、下の質問に答えてください。答えは、 １・２・３・４から、いちばんいいものを一つえらんでください。
Reading Passage
「春 を 楽 し も う」
青野市では、毎月、食事会や音楽会などを開いています。
月と月の予定
名前（料金） 月・日 場所・時間 集まる時間
①食事会（500円）
青野市の有名な料理を一緒に作って、食べます。 3/5（日） 花村小学校
11時～14時 11時
②音楽会（800円）
お茶とお菓子を楽しみながら、音楽を聞きます。 3/11（土） さくら寺
14時～16時 13時50分
③音楽会（950円）
ピアノやバイオリンのコンサートです。 4/8（土） 市民体育館
17時～19時 16時50分
④バス旅行（800円）
バスで東川海岸に行って、海を見ながらお弁当を食べます。 4/15（土） 東川海岸
8時～14時 市民体育館に8時
⑤お祭り（お金はかかりません）
毎年行われているお祭りです。歌や踊りを楽しみましょう。 4/23（日） 東公園
17時～21時 17時より後の好きなとき
⑥音楽会（1,200円）
レストランで食事をしながら、ピアノを楽しみましょう。 4/29（土） レストラン
「黒川」
12時～14時 11時50分
青野市「春を楽しもう」係 電話：（0410）28―1002 Ｅメール：tanoshimo@aono.jp
English Summary & Annotations
34. ハメスさんとマリアさんは、「春を楽しもう」に行きたいと思っています。 月に行われるもので、お店の中で音楽を聞きながら、お昼に食事ができるものがいいです。ハメスさんたちが選べるのは、どれですか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
The question asks for an event in April (月, likely a typo for 4月), where they can listen to music in a shop (お店の中), and have lunch (お昼に食事ができる). Let's check the April events: * ③ Music Concert: April 8th (Sat), Citizen's Gymnasium (indoors), 17:00-19:00 (evening, no lunch). * ④ Bus Trip: April 15th (Sat), Higashikawa Coast (outdoor), 8:00-14:00 (lunch, but not music in a shop). * ⑤ Festival: April 23rd (Sun), Higashi Park (outdoor), 17:00-21:00 (evening, no shop). * ⑥ Music Concert: April 29th (Sat), Restaurant "Kurokawa" (お店の中), 12:00-14:00 (お昼に食事ができる, music while dining). This matches all criteria.
Why other options are incorrect:
Event ② is in March, not April. It's a music concert, but the question specifies April.
Event ③ is a music concert in April and indoors, but it's from 17:00-19:00, which is evening, not lunch time.
Event ⑤ is a festival in April, but it's held outdoors in a park and doesn't involve listening to music in a shop while having lunch.
35. ジーナさんは、「春を楽しもう」に行こうと思っています。土曜日に行きたいですが、集まる時間が13時より早いものには行けません。料金は1,000円以下がいいです。ジーナさんが選べるのは、どれですか。
Detailed Explanation
Why this is correct:
Gina's criteria: 1. **Saturday event**: Events ②, ③, ④, ⑥ are on Saturday. 2. **Meeting time not earlier than 13:00** (i.e., 13:00 or later): * ②: 13時50分 (OK) * ③: 16時50分 (OK) * ④: 8時 (NOT OK) * ⑥: 11時50分 (NOT OK) So, only ② and ③ remain. 3. **Fee 1,000 yen or less**: * ②: 800円 (OK) * ③: 950円 (OK) Both ② and ③ satisfy all conditions.
Why other options are incorrect:
Event ④'s meeting time is 8:00, which is earlier than 13:00, so it doesn't meet the criteria.
Event ⑤ is on Sunday, not Saturday, so it doesn't meet the criteria.
Event ⑤ is on Sunday, not Saturday. While ③ is correct, this option includes an incorrect event.