JLPT N5 Grammar Study Guide
Complete grammar study list for JLPT N5. Master all grammar patterns required for the N5 exam.
52 patterns
1
～です
～ is / am / are ～
2
も
too; also
3
で (Particle)
Marks the place where an action takes place.
Marks the means or method by which an action is performed.
4
～に / ～へ (Direction)
to (indicates direction of movement)
5
～に乗る (noru) / ～を降りる (oriru)
to get on / ride ～
to get off ～
6
あげる (ageru) / もらう (morau)
to give (to others)
to receive (from others)
7
に (Time)
at, on (marks a specific point in time)
8
を (o)
Marks the direct object of a verb.
9
～ませんか (masen ka)
Won't you ～? / Would you like to ～? (Polite invitation)
10
は (wa)
Topic marker (As for ～, ...)
11
～があります (ga arimasu)
There is/are ～ (for inanimate objects)
12
～がいます (ga imasu)
There is/are ～ (for people and animals)
13
～と～
and (used for an exhaustive list)
14
～と (with)
together with ～
15
～ましょう (mashou)
Let's ～ (polite volitional form)
16
～てください (te kudasai)
Please do ～
17
～ないでください (naide kudasai)
Please do not ～
18
～てもいいです (te mo ii desu)
You may ～ / It is okay to ～
19
～てはいけません (te wa ikemasen)
You must not ～ (strong prohibition)
20
～から～まで
from ～ to / until ～
21
～ています (te imasu)
is/are ～ing (progressive action)
22
～に行く (ni iku) / ～に来る (ni kuru) (Purpose)
to go to do ～
to come to do ～
23
～のが好きです (no ga suki desu)
I like doing ～
24
～のが上手です (no ga jouzu desu) / ～のが下手です (no ga heta desu)
to be good at doing ～
to be bad at doing ～
25
まだ～ていません (mada -te imasen)
have not yet ～
26
A の方が B より～です
A is more ～ than B
27
～の中で～が一番～です
Out of (Category), (Subject) is the most ～
28
～つもりです
I intend to ～ / I plan to ～
29
～くなる / ～になる
to become ～
30
～たいです (tai desu)
I want to do ～
31
～たり～たりする
to do things like ～ and ～ (non-exhaustive list of actions)
32
～たことがあります (ta koto ga arimasu)
to have the experience of doing ～
33
～や～など
such as ～ and ～ (non-exhaustive list)
34
～んです / ～のです
Used to provide an explanation, reason, or add emphasis.
35
～すぎる (sugiru)
too much / to an excessive degree
36
～方がいい (hou ga ii)
It is better to ～ / You should ～ (advice)
37
～から (Reason)
Because ～, so ～
38
～ので (Reason)
Because ～, so ～ (slightly more formal/polite than から)
39
～なくちゃいけない
must do ～ (conversational form of なくてはいけない)
40
～でしょう
Probably ～ / I assume ～
..., right? (seeking agreement)
41
～前に (mae ni)
before doing ～
42
～た後で (ta ato de)
after doing ～
43
～てから (te kara)
after doing ～ (emphasizes the sequence of events)
44
～の (Possession)
Shows possession ('s) or turns a noun into a possessive pronoun (mine, yours, etc.).
45
～ました (mashita)
Polite past tense of a verb.
46
もう～ました (mou -mashita)
already did ～
47
～くする / ～にする
to make something ～
48
～ながら (nagara)
while doing ～ (two actions by the same person at the same time)
49
誰か (dareka) / 何か (nanika) / どこか (dokoka) / いつか (itsuka)
Someone / Something / Somewhere / Sometime
50
誰も (daremo) / 何も (nanimo) (+ Negative)
Nobody / No one
Nothing
51
どこにも (dokonimo) (+ Negative)
nowhere / not anywhere
52
～ですね (desu ne)
..., right? / ..., isn't it? (seeking agreement or confirmation)